10 research outputs found

    Oxidative Transformation of a Tetrathia S‑Confused Isophlorin into Porphyrin Cation

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    The synthesis and redox properties of first generation S-confused isophlorins are described. Despite structural resemblance to a confused porphyrin, spectroscopic and computational studies reveal weak paratropic ring current effects in these 20π macrocycles. They display redox properties atypical of parent tetrathia isophlorins. Experimental evidence supports the oxidation of an unstable 19π neutral radical, as a transient intermediate, for the formation of a unique 18π aromatic monocationic species. Spectroscopic and structural characterization revealed the substituent dependent macrocycle oxidation unfamiliar to the chemistry of antiaromatic isophlorinoids

    Modulare Synthese helikal‐chiraler Organobor‐Verbindungen: Ausschnitte verlängerter Helices

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    Zwei Arten helikal-chiraler Verbindungen mit einem oder zwei Boratomen wurden nach einem modularen Ansatz synthetisiert. Die Bildung der helikalen Strukturen erfolgte durch Einführung von Bor in flexible Biaryl- bzw. Triaryl-Vorstufen, hergestellt aus kleinen achiralen Bausteinen. Die durchgehend ortho-fusionierten Azabora[7]helicene zeichnen sich dabei durch außergewöhnliche Konfigurationsstabilität, blaue oder grüne Fluoreszenz in Lösung mit Quantenausbeuten (Φfl_{fl}) von 18–24 %, grüne oder gelbe Emission im Festkörper (Φfl_{fl} bis zu 23 %) und starke chiroptische Resonanz mit großen Anisotropiefaktoren von bis zu 1.12×102^{-2} aus. Azabora[9]helicene, aufgebaut aus winkelförmig sowie linear angeordneten Ringen, sind blaue Emitter mit Φfl_{fl} von bis zu 47 % in CH2_{2}Cl2_{2} und 25 % im Festkörper. DFT-Rechnungen zeigen, dass ihre P-M-Interkonversion über einen komplexeren Weg verläuft als im Fall von H1. Röntgenstrukturanalyse von Einkristallen zeigt deutliche Unterschiede in der Packungsanordnung von Methyl- und Phenylderivaten auf. Die Moleküle werden als Primärstrukturen verlängerter Helices vorgeschlagen

    Modulare Synthese helikal‐chiraler Organobor‐Verbindungen: Ausschnitte verlängerter Helices

    No full text
    Zwei Arten helikal-chiraler Verbindungen mit einem oder zwei Boratomen wurden nach einem modularen Ansatz synthetisiert. Die Bildung der helikalen Strukturen erfolgte durch Einführung von Bor in flexible Biaryl- bzw. Triaryl-Vorstufen, hergestellt aus kleinen achiralen Bausteinen. Die durchgehend ortho-fusionierten Azabora[7]helicene zeichnen sich dabei durch außergewöhnliche Konfigurationsstabilität, blaue oder grüne Fluoreszenz in Lösung mit Quantenausbeuten (Φfl_{fl}) von 18–24 %, grüne oder gelbe Emission im Festkörper (Φfl_{fl} bis zu 23 %) und starke chiroptische Resonanz mit großen Anisotropiefaktoren von bis zu 1.12×102^{-2} aus. Azabora[9]helicene, aufgebaut aus winkelförmig sowie linear angeordneten Ringen, sind blaue Emitter mit Φfl_{fl} von bis zu 47 % in CH2_{2}Cl2_{2} und 25 % im Festkörper. DFT-Rechnungen zeigen, dass ihre P-M-Interkonversion über einen komplexeren Weg verläuft als im Fall von H1. Röntgenstrukturanalyse von Einkristallen zeigt deutliche Unterschiede in der Packungsanordnung von Methyl- und Phenylderivaten auf. Die Moleküle werden als Primärstrukturen verlängerter Helices vorgeschlagen

    Modular Synthesis of Organoboron Helically Chiral Compounds: Cutouts from Extended Helices

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    Two types of helically chiral compounds bearing one and two boron atoms were synthesized by a modular approach. Formation of the helical scaffolds was executed by the introduction of boron to flexible biaryl and triaryl derived from small achiral building blocks. All‐ortho‐fused azabora[7]helicenes feature exceptional configurational stability, blue or green fluorescence with quantum yields (Φfl_{fl}) of 18–24 % in solution, green or yellow solid‐state emission (Φfl_{fl} up to 23 %), and strong chiroptical response with large dissymmetry factors of up to 1.12×102^{-2}. Azabora[9]helicenes consisting of angularly and linearly fused rings are blue emitters exhibiting Φfl_{fl} of up to 47 % in CH2_{2}Cl2_{2} and 25 % in the solid state. As revealed by the DFT calculations, their P–M interconversion pathway is more complex than that of H1. Single‐crystal X‐ray analysis shows clear differences in the packing arrangement of methyl and phenyl derivatives. These molecules are proposed as primary structures of extended helices

    POWER PLANT PARAMETER MONITORING ANDCONTROLLING SYSTEM BASED ON WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY

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    ABSTRACT Due to harmful working environment and remote location of Thermal power plant sites, it is dangerou

    Stakeholders’ perspectives on clinical trial acceptability and approach to consent within a limited timeframe: a mixed methods study

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    Objectives The Bronchiolitis Endotracheal Surfactant Study (BESS) is a randomised controlled trial to determine the efficacy of endo-tracheal surfactant therapy for critically ill infants with bronchiolitis. To explore acceptability of BESS, including approach to consent within a limited time frame, we explored parent and staff experiences of trial involvement in the first two bronchiolitis seasons to inform subsequent trial conduct.Design A mixed-method embedded study involving a site staff survey, questionnaires and interviews with parents approached about BESS.Setting Fourteen UK paediatric intensive care units.Participants Of the 179 parents of children approached to take part in BESS, 75 parents (of 69 children) took part in the embedded study. Of these, 55/69 (78%) completed a questionnaire, and 15/69 (21%) were interviewed. Thirty-eight staff completed a questionnaire.Results Parents and staff found the trial acceptable. All constructs of the Adapted Theoretical Framework of Acceptability were met. Parents viewed surfactant as being low risk and hoped their child’s participation would help others in the future. Although parents supported research without prior consent in studies of time critical interventions, they believed there was sufficient time to consider this trial. Parents recommended that prospective informed consent should continue to be sought for BESS. Many felt that the time between the consent process and intervention being administered took too long and should be ‘streamlined’ to avoid delays in administration of trial interventions. Staff described how the training and trial processes worked well, yet patients were missed due to lack of staff to deliver the intervention, particularly at weekends.Conclusion Parents and staff supported BESS trial and highlighted aspects of the protocol, which should be refined, including a streamlined informed consent process. Findings will be useful to inform proportionate approaches to consent in future paediatric trials where there is a short timeframe for consent discussions.Trial registration number ISRCTN11746266

    Contributory presentations/posters

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