Dynamic group formation in mobile computer supported collaborative learning environment

Forming suitable learning groups is one of the factors that determine the efficiency of collaborative learning activities. However, only a few studies were carried out to address this problem in the mobile learning environments. In this paper, we propose a new approach for an automatic, customized, and dynamic group formation in Mobile Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (MCSCL) contexts. The proposed solution is based on the combination of three types of grouping criteria: learner’s personal characteristics, learner’s behaviours, and context information. The instructors can freely select the type, the number, and the weight of grouping criteria, together with other settings such as the number, the size, and the type of learning groups (homogeneous or heterogeneous). Apart from a grouping mechanism, the proposed approach represents a flexible tool to control each learner, and to manage the learning processes from the beginning to the end of collaborative learning activities. In order to evaluate the quality of the implemented group formation algorithm, we compare its Average Intra-cluster Distance (AID) with the one of a random group formation method. The results show a higher effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in forming homogenous and heterogeneous groups compared to the random method.(undefined

Efeitos de priming estrutural na produção oral de inglês como l2

Structural priming effects in L1 oral production are associated with the automatic nature of processing and implicit knowledge. In L2, however, these effects are not well known. The present study investigated syntactic processing in the oral production of Brazilian Portuguese late learners of English as L2 to determine if structural priming effects can be detected within the L2. To do so, participants performed an oral sentence production task in English within four experimental conditions in which the use of active and passive voices with and without repetition of the main verb was manipulated. Participants also performed an oral sentence production task in the active and passive voice that served as a baseline to detect their individual preferences in the use of verbal voices. Results demonstrated a complex interaction between structural priming effects and the individual tendency to reuse the syntactic structure in L2. Results also showed a greater production of the passive voice structure in the experimental conditions in comparison to the baseline. Furthermore, the effects of structural priming were mainly found in conditions 3 and 4, which were both related to the passive voice, the less frequent structure. The results in condition 3 indicated an interaction of structural priming effects and the repetition of the head of the structure (i.e., the verb), meaning that verb repetition boosted these effects when structure (i.e., the passive voice) and verb were repeated (lexical boost). Taken together, these findings provide evidence for structural priming in English as L2 during oral production, mainly in the passive voice structure.Os efeitos do priming estrutural na produção oral da L1 estão associados à natureza automática do processamento e ao conhecimento implícito. Em L2, no entanto, esses efeitos são pouco conhecidos. O presente estudo investigou o processamento sintático na produção oral de aprendizes tardios de inglês como L2, falantes de português brasileiro como L1, para determinar se os efeitos de priming sintático podem ser detectados na L2. Para tanto, os participantes realizaram uma tarefa de produção oral de sentenças em inglês em quatro condições experimentais nas quais o uso das vozes ativa e passiva com e sem repetição do verbo principal foi manipulado. Os participantes também realizaram uma tarefa de produção de sentenças orais na voz ativa e passiva que serviu baseline para detectar suas preferências individuais no uso de vozes verbais. Os resultados demonstraram uma interação complexa entre os efeitos de priming estrutural e a tendência individual de reutilizar a estrutura sintática em L2. Os resultados também mostraram uma maior produção da estrutura da voz passiva nas condições experimentais em comparação com a linha de base. Além disso, os efeitos do priming estrutural foram encontrados principalmente nas condições 3 e 4, ambas relacionadas à voz passiva, a estrutura menos frequente. Os resultados na condição 3 mostraram uma interação entre efeitos de priming estrutural e a repetição do núcleo da estrutura (i.e., o verbo), indicando que a repetição do verbo aumentou os efeitos quando a estrutura (voz passiva) e o verbo foram repetidos (impulso lexical). Sendo assim, esses resultados fornecem evidência para o priming estrutural em inglês como L2 durante a produção oral, principalmente na estrutura da voz passiva

From inception to implementation: strategies for setting up pulmonary telerehabilitation

Copyright © 2022 Santos, Rodrigues, Caneiras and Bárbara. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Smaug is a conserved translational regulator that binds numerous mRNAs, including nuclear transcripts that encode mitochondrial enzymes. Smaug orthologs form cytosolic membrane-less organelles (MLOs) in several organisms and cell types. We have performed single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays that revealed that SDHB and UQCRC1 mRNAs associate with Smaug1 bodies in U2OS cells. Loss of function of Smaug1 and Smaug2 (also known as SAMD4A and SAMD4B, respectively) affected both mitochondrial respiration and morphology of the mitochondrial network. Phenotype rescue by Smaug1 transfection depends on the presence of its RNA-binding domain. Moreover, we identified specific Smaug1 domains involved in MLO formation, and found that impaired Smaug1 MLO condensation correlates with mitochondrial defects. Mitochondrial complex I inhibition upon exposure to rotenone, but not strong mitochondrial uncoupling upon exposure to CCCP, rapidly induced the dissolution of Smaug1 MLOs. Metformin and rapamycin elicited similar effects, which were blocked by pharmacological inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Finally, we found that Smaug1 MLO dissolution weakens the interaction with target mRNAs, thus enabling their release. We propose that mitochondrial respiration and the AMPK-mTOR balance controls the condensation and dissolution of Smaug1 MLOs, thus regulating nuclear mRNAs that encode key mitochondrial proteins. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.This work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) and Nippon Gases Portugal under the Ph.D. studentship in Industry grant PDE/BDE/127785/2016 awarded to CS.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Analysing the use of a computerized system by hospital managers

Objective: To analyze the use of a computerized system by hospital managers, evaluating their satisfaction related to the usefulness and ease of use of system. Methods: Case study, with a non-ex perimental design, conducted in a general hospital. The instrument used was based on the technological acceptance model. The population was composed of 63 managers and, based on the inclusion criteria, 60 managers were included in the study sample. Results: The system was considered useful by 90.5% of managers, while 84.7% agreed on its ease of use. The analyzed external variables (age, ease of using the technology, provision of training and technical support, computer availability, and favorability of use), showed an influence on satisfaction with the ease of use. The age and provided training did not influence satisfaction on the usefulness of the system. Conclusion: The managers showed greater satisfaction with the usefulness of the system when compared to the ease of use, due to the characteristics of the system and the institution.Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)CNPqUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Enfermagem, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Enfermagem, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilCNPq: 446221/2014-7, 303882/2013-1Web of Scienc

Documentation system prototype for postpartum nursing

OBJECTIVE: To develop a documentation system prototype for postpartum nursing. METHODS: For the software planning, a model based on object orientation was used, which included: understanding and definition of the context and usage modes of the system design project, identification of the main objects of the system, development of project models, specification of object interfaces. The languages Structured Query Language (SQL), MySQL and Hypertext Preprocessor (php) were used. RESULTS: The prototype shows the planned requirements, among them: use of the International Classification For Nursing Practice (ICNP®) version 1.0 as support code to perform the nursing process; presentation of the axes of ICNP® version 1.0 in order of use; elaboration of reports about the usage practice of nursing processes. CONCLUSION: The proposed documentation system prototype was successfully developed, allowing professional nursing records to be registered in a standardized language.OBJETIVO: Desenvolver protótipo de sistema de documentação em enfermagem no puerpério. MÉTODOS: Planejamento de software utilizou modelo baseado em orientação a objetos, que englobou: compreensão e definição do contexto e dos modos de utilização projeto de arquitetura do sistema, identificação dos principais objetos do sistema, desenvolvimento dos modelos do projeto, especificação das interfaces dos objetos. Foram utilizadas as linguagem Structured Query Language (SQL), MySQL e Hypertext Preprocessor (php). RESULTADOS: O protótipo apresenta os requisitos planejados, entre eles: uso da Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem (CIPE®) versão 1.0 como código de apoio para execução do processo de enfermagem; apresentação dos eixos da CIPE® versão 1.0 em ordem de uso; geração de relatórios sobre a prática de uso dos processos de enfermagem. CONCLUSÃO: O protótipo de sistema de documentação proposto foi desenvolvido com sucesso com possibilidade de registros de enfermagem por meio de linguagem padronizada.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de AlagoasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

Diatoms as a paleoproductivity proxy in the NW Iberian coastal upwelling system (NE Atlantic)

The objective of the current work is to improve our understanding of how water column diatom's abundance and assemblage composition is seasonally transferred from the photic zone to seafloor sediments. To address this, we used a dataset derived from water column, sediment trap and surface sediment samples recovered in the NW Iberian coastal upwelling system. Diatom fluxes (2.2 (+/- 5.6) 10(6) valves m(-2) d(-1)) represented the majority of the siliceous microorganisms sinking out from the photic zone during all studied years and showed seasonal variability. Contrasting results between water column and sediment trap diatom abundances were found during downwelling periods, as shown by the unexpectedly high diatom export signals when diatom- derived primary production achieved their minimum levels. They were principally related to surface sediment remobilization and intense Minho and Douro river discharge that constitute an additional source of particulate matter to the inner continental shelf. In fact, contributions of allochthonous particles to the sinking material were confirmed by the significant increase of both benthic and freshwater diatoms in the sediment trap assemblage. In contrast, we found that most of the living diatom species blooming during highly productive upwelling periods were dissolved during sinking, and only those resistant to dissolution and the Chaetoceros and Leptocylindrus spp. resting spores were susceptible to being exported and buried. Fur-thermore, Chaetoceros spp. dominate during spring-early summer, when persistent northerly winds lead to the upwelling of nutrient-rich waters on the shelf, while Leptocylindrus spp. appear associated with late-summer upwelling relaxation, characterized by water column stratification and nutrient depletion. These findings evidence that the contributions of these diatom genera to the sediment's total marine diatom assemblage should allow for the reconstruction of different past upwelling regimes.CAIBEX [CTM2007-66408-C02-01/MAR]; REIMAGE [CTM2011-30155-C03-03]; Spanish Government, EXCAPA project [10MDS402013PR]; Xunta de Galicia; EU FEDER [INTERREG 2009/2011-0313/RAIA/E]; RAIA. co [INTERREG2011/2013-052/RAIA.co/1E]; CALIBERIA project [PTDC/MAR/102045/2008]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT-Portugal) [COMPETE/FEDER-FCOMP01-0124-FEDER-010599]; Xunta de Galicia (Spain) [SFRH/BPD/111433/2015]; FCT (Portugal) [SFRH/BPD/111433/2015]; [SFRH/BD/88439/2012

Data report: IODP Expedition 339 Site U1391: an improved splice and preliminary age model on the basis of XRF data

With the objective to reconstruct past primary production on the southwest Portuguese margin at orbital and millennial timescales through the Pleistocene, we chose to compare two sites recovered during Expedition 339 at similar latitude but different distances to the coast (Sites U1385 and U1391). Site U1385 has a well-established chronology, but for Site U1391 no isotope data are yet available. In order to develop a correct chronology without isotope data, we performed XRF analysis of cores from Holes U1391A and U1391B between 76.51 and 205.77 mbsf. With these data, in particular using log(Ca/Ti) and log(Ca/Fe), it was possible to enhance the Site U1391 splice and to establish an age model based on the correlation to the well-defined and robust Site U1385 age model.UID/Multi/04326/2019;info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Concevoir des systèmes de culture adaptés aux agricultures familiales. Le cas du semis direct dans l'État du Parana (Brésil)

Au sud du Brésil, une longue trajectoire de recherche et de développement a donné lieu à une large utilisation de systèmes de culture en semis direct par les agriculteurs, y compris en agriculture familiale, ce qui n'est pas commun au niveau international. Deux enquêtes menées en 2004 et 2013 auprès des exploitations familiales de la région d'Irati (Parana, Brésil) montrent jusqu'à quel point elles ont adopté ces systèmes et leurs trois principes de base. Si l'utilisation du semoir à semis direct s'est généralisée, les rotations et les plantes de couverture sont moins diversifiées que celles promues par la recherche. Les rotations se sont simplifiées et les plantes de couverture ont surtout été utilisées pour produire du fourrage pour les troupeaux laitiers, activité en fort développement. Par ailleurs, la plupart des agriculteurs ont recours périodiquement au labour pour gérer divers problèmes agronomiques auxquels ils font face. Les agriculteurs familiaux ont donc adapté dynamiquement, plutôt qu'adopté le modèle de semis direct proposé par la recherche, à leurs objectifs, ressources et contraintes spécifiques, en tenant compte des conditions très variables dans lesquelles ils opèrent. Ce faisant, ils répondent plus aux facteurs et aux conditions économiques de court terme (prix de vente, rentabilité) ou opérationnels (disponibilité de semences de couverture et fourragères, facilité d'intervention) qu'à l'optimisation des performances agronomiques et à l'amélioration de la fertilité du sol à long terme, mises en avant par la recherche. Mieux répondre à la diversité des contraintes, besoins et objectifs des agriculteurs familiaux implique que la recherche soit capable et désireuse de mettre en oeuvre, à l'avenir, des démarches de co-conception de systèmes de culture et de production innovants en partenariat avec eux et avec les autres acteurs clés du développement agricole. (Résumé d'auteur