Le capital immatériel et l’attractivité des investissements direct étrangers : relation tumultueuse- modélisation économétrique- « Cas du secteur industriel Marocain

L’objectif de cet article est d’étudier la relation d’impact entre le capital immatériel et l’attractivité des IDE sur le plan théorique et empirique. Au niveau du sous-bassement théorique, nous analyserons les mécanismes par lesquels le capital immatériel peut stimuler un transfert des processus de production d’un pays vers un autre. Sur le plan empirique, nous vérifierons cette relation, dans le cas du secteur industriel au Maroc, via une modélisation économétrique en utilisant le modèle de régression linéaire multiple. Cet article répond à la problématique suivante : Dans quelle mesure l’investissement en capital immatériel peut-il être une source d’attractivité des investissements directs étrangers au Maroc ?L’objectif de cet article est d’étudier la relation d’impact entre le capital immatériel et l’attractivité des IDE sur le plan théorique et empirique. Au niveau du sous-bassement théorique, nous analyserons les mécanismes par lesquels le capital immatériel peut stimuler un transfert des processus de production d’un pays vers un autre. Sur le plan empirique, nous vérifierons cette relation, dans le cas du secteur industriel au Maroc, via une modélisation économétrique en utilisant le modèle de régression linéaire multiple. Cet article répond à la problématique suivante : Dans quelle mesure l’investissement en capital immatériel peut-il être une source d’attractivité des investissements directs étrangers au Maroc 

Identification of the xenometabolome and novel contaminant markers in fish exposed to a wastewater treatment works effluent

Fish can bioconcentrate complex mixtures of xenobiotics arising from exposure to wastewater effluents discharged into surface waters. Wastewaters contain a complex mixture of organic compounds and little is known about their uptake into fish and their health effects. In this study, a chemical profiling approach was used to characterize the profile of xenobiotics and their metabolites (the xenometabolome) in biofluids (bile and plasma) of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to a wastewater effluent. Metabolite profiles of effluent-exposed fish were compared with that from control fish exposed to uncontaminated river water. Samples were analysed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and data analysed by multivariate statistics. Exposure to effluent resulted in accumulation in trout bile of alkylsulfophenyl and alkylpolyethoxy carboxylates, as well as glucuronide conjugates of nonylphenol ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylates, naphthols, chlorinated xylenols and phenoxyphenols, chlorophenes, resin acids, mefenamic acid and oxybenzone. Nonconjugated or sulphate conjugates of many of these contaminants were also detected in plasma of effluent-exposed trout. In addition, changes in the concentrations of endogenously derived metabolites were also detected in trout plasma, and these included an increase in blood bile acids, methylbutryolcarnitine and a decrease in sphingosine levels. These observations were verified in a further exposure of sexually mature roach (Rutilus rutilus) to concentrations of the same effluent. Exposure to 50% or 100% effluent resulted in dose dependent increases in blood concentrations of xenobiotics, taurocholic acid, syprinol sulphate and lysophospholipids and decreases in sphingosine levels. This work reveals the complex nature of xenobiotics accumulating in effluent-exposed fish together with the identification of changes in concentrations of lipid metabolites associated with hepatotoxicity. These results reveal, for the first time, that metabolite profiling techniques can be used to screen for uptake of complex mixtures of contaminants into fish and also for the detection of natural metabolite pathways in the organism that are disrupted due to exposure to multiple xenobiotics

L’investissement en capital immatériel, levier pour la prédiction de l’évolution de la balance commerciale au Maroc : modélisation économétrique -cas des importations-

Suite au déplacement des forces motrices de l’économie et, depuis que l’économie de l’immatérielle est théorisée, il est admis que la production était contingente des moyens à mettre en œuvre pour la réaliser. L’investissement en capital immatériel relève d’abord d’un choix des décideurs économiques du secteur public. Ces décideurs peuvent intervenir sur le marché pour piloter et orienter l’investissement immatériel afin d’agir positivement sur le niveau de la balance commerciale. L’objectif de notre contribution est de vérifier la relation entre le capital immatériel et sa capacité à prédire l’évolution de la balance commerciale au Maroc tout en prenant en compte les importations dans le cas empirique. En premier lieu, nous mobiliserons les théories les plus pertinente d’une part et, d’autre part, nous réaliserons une modélisation économétrique, via le modèle de régression linéaire multiple, appliquée dans le cas du Maroc. Les résultats de notre article indiquent que l’investissement en capital immatériel peut prédire l’évolution des importations via les effets de synergie. Nous avons déterminé les indicateurs qui permettraient d’impacter les importations

OPTIMISATION MULTIOBJECTIF APPLIQUEE A UN RESEAU ALGERIEN DE TRANSPORT D’ELECTRICITE CONTENANT UNE SOURCE EOLIENNE

L’originalité de ce travail consiste à introduire une nouvelle contrainte correspondante  aux exigences de la stabilité transitoire du réseau électrique après intégration des sources éoliennes et ce dans la formulation du problème d’optimisation des pertes de puissance et l’émission des gaz toxiques dégagés à partir des centrales électriques alimentant ce réseau. Pour ce faire, un code de calcul basé sur les algorithmes génétiques a été élaboré en introduisant une matrice contenant les différents pourcentages  de puissances de la source éolienne avec leurs taux limites de pénétration considérés comme une contrainte d’inégalité supplémentaire dite contrainte de stabilité transitoire. Le réseau algérien de transport d’électricité est choisi comme un réseau test pour vérifier les performances de cette méthode où  les résultats des différentes simulations sont très satisfaisants. Modélisation

Dynamics of the polynomial differential systems with homogeneous nonlinearities and a star node

Agraïments: The first and third author is partially supported by the Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research.We consider the class of polynomial differential equations ˙x = λx + Pn(x, y), y˙ = λy + Qn(x, y), in R2 where Pn(x, y) and Qn(x, y) are homogeneous polynomials of degree n > 1 and λ ̸= 0, i.e. the class of polynomial differential systems with homogeneous nonlinearities with a star node at the origin. We prove that these systems are Darboux integrable. Moreover, for these systems we study the existence and non-existence of limit cycles surrounding the equilibrium point located at the origin

Estimation for Motion in Tracking and Detection Objects with Kalman Filter

The Kalman filter has long been regarded as the optimal solution to many applications in computer vision for example the tracking objects, prediction and correction tasks. Its use in the analysis of visual motion has been documented frequently, we can use in computer vision and open cv in different applications in reality for example robotics, military image and video, medical applications, security in public and privacy society, etc. In this paper, we investigate the implementation of a Matlab code for a Kalman Filter using three algorithm for tracking and detection objects in video sequences (block-matching (Motion Estimation) and Camshift Meanshift (localization, detection and tracking object)). The Kalman filter is presented in three steps: prediction, estimation (correction) and update. The first step is a prediction for the parameters of the tracking and detection objects. The second step is a correction and estimation of the prediction parameters. The important application in Kalman filter is the localization and tracking mono-objects and multi-objects are given in results. This works presents the extension of an integrated modeling and simulation tool for the tracking and detection objects in computer vision described at different models of algorithms in implementation systems

Surface-related properties of perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 thin films by aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition

A modified three-step aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition process was used to grow dense and uniform CH3NH3PbI3 thin films directly on borosilicate glass. The resulting photoluminescence spectrum was blue shifted with respect to its bandgap. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies confirmed non-stoichiometric lead : iodine ratios within the films, due to decomposition of the CH3NH3PbI3 layers over time into lead iodide and the release of ammonia and hydrogen iodide. The complex refractive index and dielectric function of the deposited thin films were determined by variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry

Experimental study of two-phase flow structure and pressure drop across a sudden contraction in horizontal pipe

Two-phase flow, particularly; gas-liquid flow is widely encountered in industrial applications like boilers, condensers, evaporators and reactors. These systems often exhibit complex geometry consisting on singularities such as expansions, contractions, orifices, bends etc. The presence of geometrical singularities in pipes may affect significantly the behavior of two-phase flow and subsequently the resulting pressure drop. Therefore, it is an important subject of investigation in particular when the application concerns design, safety and economical operations. This study investigates the pressure change and flow pattern subject to the influence of a sudden contraction. The pressures through sudden contraction in horizontal circular pipes have been measured with a capacitive differential pressure transducer, using air and water as the working fluids. The pressure drop is determined by extrapolating the pressure profiles upstream and downstream of the contraction. The larger and smaller tube diameters are 40 mm and 30 mm, respectively, with an area contraction ratio >\u1d70e= 0.567 . The ranges of the gas and liquid superficial velocity were 0.54 to 5.5 m/s and 0.011 up to 0.24 m/s respectively. It is noted that the sudden change in cross-section have a significant influence on the downstream phase distribution of the air-water flow. In addition, close to the sudden contraction, a significant pressure drop occurs for single phase flow (water). While, for two-phase flow cases, a local pressure minimum was not detectable, the vena contracta phenomenon may not occur at all especially at low flow rates