Study of the genetic homogeneity of Albarino (Vitis vinifera L.) growing in Galicia (Spain) using isozyme and RAPD markers

Research NoteAn evaluation of the genetic diversity of cv. Albarino (Vitis vinifera L.) was carried out. Centenarian and young plants were selected from vineyards, some of them showing slight ampelographic differences. Using ELISA tests 5 out of 24 plants were found to be infected with grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3). In order to evaluate genetic polymorphism, 10 enzyme systems and 42 RAPD primers were used. The 73 isozyme and 308 RAPD markers were common in the samples tested. The results show the existence of a genetic homogeneity within Albarino cultivated in Galicia. Minor ampelographic differences among samples could be due to external factors rather than to genetic differences

Cuadriceplastia de Judet : una alternativa quirúrgica para las rigideces graves en extensión de la rodilla

Introducción. La contractura en extensión de la rodilla es una complicación de las fracturas femorales con importante afectación de partes blandas. La cuadriceplastia de Judet es una alternativa quirúrgica para aumentar la movilidad. Material y métodos. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con rigidez grave de rodilla en extensión tras una fractura abierta bifocal de fémur estabilizada mediante osteosíntesis que se complicó con una infección y retardo de consolidación que requirió varias cirugías para su estabilización. Se realizó una cuadriceplastia de Judet seguida de una rehabilitación intensiva para conseguir aumentar la flexión de la rodilla. Resultados. En el postoperatorio inmediato conseguía una flexoextensión de 0-100º que se redujo a 95º a los 3 meses y se mantuvo a los 6 meses postoperatorios, con una fuerza muscular de 4 sobre 5 en cuádriceps y psoas. Conclusion. La cuadriceplastia de Judet es una técnica efectiva que permite recuperar la movilidad en caso de rigideces graves en extensión.Introduction. Extension contracture of the knee is a complication of femoral fractures with significant soft tissue injury. The Judet quadricepsplasty is a surgical alternative to increase knee range of motion. Material and methods. We report the case of a patient with severe stiffness of knee following an open bifocal femoral fracture stabilized by osteosynthesis that was complicated by an infection and delayed healing that required several surgeries for stabilization. Judet quadricepsplasty was performed followed by intensive rehabilitation for increasing knee flexion. Results. In the postoperative care flexion and extension of 0-100º was achieved, and reduced to 95º after 3 months and remained the same at 6 months postoperatively, with a muscular strength of 4 out of 5 in quadriceps and psoas. Conclusion. The Judet quadricepsplasty is an effective technique to regain mobility in case of severe extension stiffnes

The Spanish albacore (Thunnus alalunga) surface fishery in the northeastern Atlantic in 2005

The main features of the Spanish albacore (Thunnus alalunga) surface fishery operating during summer and autumn months of 2005 in the northeast Atlantic and Bay of Biscay waters north of 40ºN parallel are presented in this document. The baitboat fleet increased its yield 30%; likewise the troll fleet showed an increased catch of 36% respectively to the 2004 yield. Both fleets increased their nominal fishing effort about 16% in 2005. The size composition of the catches in 2005 obtained by both fleets showed a high proportion of age 2 derived by both methods used to age catches: length slicing and age-length keys, which is in agreement with the high proportion of age 1 present in 2004. However, in the case of age 3, the observed proportion of the catch at age differs contingent on either method applied to age the catch in the case of the troll fleet.Este documento presenta un resumen sobre la actividad pesquera de las flotas de superficie españolas: cebo vivo y cacea dirigidas a la pesca de atún blanco (Thunnus alalunga) que desarrollaron su actividad en los meses de verano y otoño de 2005 en aguas del Atlántico nordeste y golfo de Vizcaya al norte del paralelo 40 º N. La evolución de las capturas y esfuerzo realizado por los barcos de cebo vivo y cacea, mostró un aumento del 30% y 36% respectivamente frente a las capturas del año 2004. El esfuerzo nominal en días de pesca aumentó prácticamente un 16% en ambas flotas. En 2005, la composición de tallas de la captura, mostró un nivel elevado de capturas de edad 2 obtenido con los dos métodos empleados: corte de tallas determinista (“filo de cuchillo”) y claves talla edad, que corresponde a un nivel elevado de capturas de edad 1 observado en el año 2004 en ambas flotas. Sin embargo la proporción de capturas de edad 3 observada difiere dependiendo del método empleado en la obtención de la composición de edades de las capturas de la flota de cacea.Ce document présente un résumé sur les activités de pêche des flottilles de surface espagnoles (canne et ligne traînante) ayant ciblé le germon (Thunnus alalunga) pendant les mois d’été et d’automne de 2005 dans les eaux de l’Atlantique Nord-Est et du Golfe de Gascogne, au nord du parallèle 40ºN. L’évolution des prises et de l’effort déployé par les canneurs et les ligneurs a présenté un accroissement de 30% et 36%, respectivement, par rapport aux prises de 2004. L’effort nominal en jours de pêche a pratiquement augmenté de 16% pour ces deux flottilles. En 2005, la composition par tailles des captures a montré une forte proportion de prises d’âge 2, obtenue à l’aide de deux méthodes, le découpage des tailles et les clefs âge-taille, qui correspond à une forte proportion d’âge 1 observée en 2004 dans les deux flottilles. Toutefois, la proportion observée de prises d’âge 3 est différente selon la méthode appliquée pour obtenir la composition des âges des prises de la flottille de ligneurs

Generalization of entanglement to convex operational theories: Entanglement relative to a subspace of observables

We define what it means for a state in a convex cone of states on a space of observables to be generalized-entangled relative to a subspace of the observables, in a general ordered linear spaces framework for operational theories. This extends the notion of ordinary entanglement in quantum information theory to a much more general framework. Some important special cases are described, in which the distinguished observables are subspaces of the observables of a quantum system, leading to results like the identification of generalized unentangled states with Lie-group-theoretic coherent states when the special observables form an irreducibly represented Lie algebra. Some open problems, including that of generalizing the semigroup of local operations with classical communication to the convex cones setting, are discussed.Comment: 19 pages, to appear in proceedings of Quantum Structures VII, Int. J. Theor. Phy

Quantum Entanglement in Second-quantized Condensed Matter Systems

The entanglement between occupation-numbers of different single particle basis states depends on coupling between different single particle basis states in the second-quantized Hamiltonian. Thus in principle, interaction is not necessary for occupation-number entanglement to appear. However, in order to characterize quantum correlation caused by interaction, we use the eigenstates of the single-particle Hamiltonian as the single particle basis upon which the occupation-number entanglement is defined. Using the proper single particle basis, we discuss occupation-number entanglement in important eigenstates, especially ground states, of systems of many identical particles. The discussions on Fermi systems start with Fermi gas, Hatree-Fock approximation, and the electron-hole entanglement in excitations. The entanglement in a quantum Hall state is quantified as -fln f-(1-f)ln(1-f), where f is the proper fractional part of the filling factor. For BCS superconductivity, the entanglement is a function of the relative momentum wavefunction of the Cooper pair, and is thus directly related to the superconducting energy gap. For a spinless Bose system, entanglement does not appear in the Hatree-Gross-Pitaevskii approximation, but becomes important in the Bogoliubov theory.Comment: 11 pages. Journal versio

Generalizations of entanglement based on coherent states and convex sets

Unentangled pure states on a bipartite system are exactly the coherent states with respect to the group of local transformations. What aspects of the study of entanglement are applicable to generalized coherent states? Conversely, what can be learned about entanglement from the well-studied theory of coherent states? With these questions in mind, we characterize unentangled pure states as extremal states when considered as linear functionals on the local Lie algebra. As a result, a relativized notion of purity emerges, showing that there is a close relationship between purity, coherence and (non-)entanglement. To a large extent, these concepts can be defined and studied in the even more general setting of convex cones of states. Based on the idea that entanglement is relative, we suggest considering these notions in the context of partially ordered families of Lie algebras or convex cones, such as those that arise naturally for multipartite systems. The study of entanglement includes notions of local operations and, for information-theoretic purposes, entanglement measures and ways of scaling systems to enable asymptotic developments. We propose ways in which these may be generalized to the Lie-algebraic setting, and to a lesser extent to the convex-cones setting. One of our original motivations for this program is to understand the role of entanglement-like concepts in condensed matter. We discuss how our work provides tools for analyzing the correlations involved in quantum phase transitions and other aspects of condensed-matter systems.Comment: 37 page

Interactive translation prediction versus conventional post-editing in practice: a study with the CasMaCat workbench

[EN] We conducted a field trial in computer-assisted professional translation to compare interactive translation prediction (ITP) against conventional post-editing (PE) of machine translation (MT) output. In contrast to the conventional PE set-up, where an MT system first produces a static translation hypothesis that is then edited by a professional (hence "post-editing"), ITP constantly updates the translation hypothesis in real time in response to user edits. Our study involved nine professional translators and four reviewers working with the web-based CasMaCat workbench. Various new interactive features aiming to assist the post-editor/translator were also tested in this trial. Our results show that even with little training, ITP can be as productive as conventional PE in terms of the total time required to produce the final translation. Moreover, translation editors working with ITP require fewer key strokes to arrive at the final version of their translation.This work was supported by the European Union’s 7th Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement No 287576 (CasMaCat ).Sanchis Trilles, G.; Alabau, V.; Buck, C.; Carl, M.; Casacuberta Nolla, F.; Garcia Martinez, MM.; Germann, U.... (2014). Interactive translation prediction versus conventional post-editing in practice: a study with the CasMaCat workbench. Machine Translation. 28(3-4):217-235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-014-9157-9S217235283-4Alabau V, Leiva LA, Ortiz-Martínez D, Casacuberta F (2012) User evaluation of interactive machine translation systems. 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