Genetic Diversity in Local Taraxacum officinale L. Populations from Habitats Varied in Toxic Load

The level of lipid peroxidation (a stress indicator) and the quantitative traits of leaf tissue (the number and size of mesophyll cells and chloroplasts) were determined in Taraxacum officinale L. plants from five habitats near the city of Nizhniy Tagil that differ in terms of the heavy metal content in the soil. It is shown that in pollutedhabitats, the content of heavy metals (Cu2+ and Zn2+) in leaves is significantly higher compared to plants from background areas, with leaf thickness, mesophyll cell volume and chloroplast number per cell increasing. Both Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) analysis and cluster analysis of dandelion genetic diversity based oneight primers have revealed that four groups of plants are closely related genetically. Of the observed differences between five local populations, 78% are caused by intrapopulation variability and 22% by interpopulation variability. It is supposed that Taraxacum officinale’s tolerance to heavy metal contamination in the studied localities is not genetically fixed adaptation, but acclimation within genetically selected rangesof tolerance. Keywords: heavy metals, local populations, ISSR markers, leaf trait

Change in the surface density of immobilized enzyme molecules due to photoelectron processes in a silicon substrate

The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, projects no. 16-08-00524

The psychological portrait as a tool to improve the subjective well-being of the client in the context of personal sales

The definition of the concept of relationship marketing is discussed. The notion of personal sale, which emphasizes the importance of knowing the psychology of customers, the ability to demonstrate significant competence and knowledge of modern techniques in sales by the seller is represented. The theory of marketing introduced by the concept of a "personal agent", most accurately reflects the activity of the seller in the context of relationship marketing. The necessity of the application of psychology in marketing is proved. This brief description of the four basic psychological concepts, which are the basis of the marketing strategy, is clarified by leading marketers. The three areas of application of differential psychology in marketing are suggested. The basis of the psychological techniques is represented by the typical characteristics of a person. The first point of the customer portrait is showed by the theory of spirits. The second point of psychological portrait is based on the theory of Socionics. The third point of the customer portrait refers to the theory of the types of perception of the world. Three stages of the process of building a psychological portrait of the client are proposed and described. Recommendations for dealing with clients of different psychological types are discussed. A technique of creation a psychological portrait of the client allows improving subjective well-being of customers and promotes the growth of the main indicators characterizing the effectiveness of personal sales

Some implementation issues of the bologna process in the russian federation

Рассматриваются проблема неравенства в образовании и порождаемые Болонским процессом сложности реализации самостоятельной работы студентовThe article is devoted to the problem of inequality in education and the difficulties in realizing the independent work of students, generated by the Bologna proces

Analysis on Investment of Small and Medium Entrepreneurship

The article presents the results of the author's analysis and evaluation of investments in small and medium entrepreneurship, the empirical testing of hypotheses about the presence of the differentiation value of investment and the possibility of describing the existing regularities with the use of economic and mathematical models. During models` constructing we used official statistical indicators characterizing the set of small enterprises, medium enterprises and individual entrepreneurs in all regions of the Russian Federation. There are two classes of models describing the volumes of investments accounted, respectively, to one entrepreneurial structure and one employee. Logical and statistical analysis showed that all developed models are approximate well  the original data over the entire range of their changes. It is proved that the volume of investment, both in terms of entrepreneurial structure and one of its employees differs significantly depending on the number of employees of entrepreneurial structures, regions, and economic activities, which specialize in entrepreneurial structures. The developed model and the resulting patterns can be used to solve a wide range of tasks while monitoring business activities, development design and forecasting in this sector of the economy at the federal, regional and municipal levels of management. Keywords: Small and medium enterprises; individual entrepreneurs; investment; economic and mathematical models; regions of the country. JEL Classifications: L26; O1

Formalization of hydrocarbon conversion scheme of catalytic cracking for mathematical model development

The issue of improving the energy and resource efficiency of advanced petroleum processing can be solved by the development of adequate mathematical model based on physical and chemical regularities of process reactions with a high predictive potential in the advanced petroleum refining. In this work, the development of formalized hydrocarbon conversion scheme of catalytic cracking was performed using thermodynamic parameters of reaction defined by the Density Functional Theory. The list of reaction was compiled according to the results of feedstock structural-group composition definition, which was done by the n-d-m-method, the Hazelvuda method, qualitative composition of feedstock defined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and individual composition of catalytic cracking gasoline fraction. Formalized hydrocarbon conversion scheme of catalytic cracking will become the basis for the development of the catalytic cracking kinetic model