GpsTunes: controlling navigation via audio feedback

We combine the functionality of a mobile Global Positioning System (GPS) with that of an MP3 player, implemented on a PocketPC, to produce a handheld system capable of guiding a user to their desired target location via continuously adapted music feedback. We illustrate how the approach to presentation of the audio display can benefit from insights from control theory, such as predictive 'browsing' elements to the display, and the appropriate representation of uncertainty or ambiguity in the display. The probabilistic interpretation of the navigation task can be generalised to other context-dependent mobile applications. This is the first example of a completely handheld location- aware music player. We discuss scenarios for use of such systems

Making postgraduate students and supervisors aware of the role of emotions in the PhD process

Emotions are an integral part of the PhD process. A range of emotions are common and to be expected. How do emotions affect the PhD process for both postgraduate students and their supervisors? How can we make our emotions work positively for us in the PhD process? To explore answers to these questions, three lecturers currently supervising postgraduates and three postgraduates at various stages in their doctoral studies collectively pooled their experiences. We developed an interactive workshop that was recently conducted for postgraduate students at Murdoch University and at the Australian Association for Social Research annual conference 2002. This presentation will explore the role that emotions play in the PhD process and how supervisors and postgraduates alike can benefit from reflecting on this issue. A number of practical (and humorous) tips will be provided as well as examples from others' PhD experiences. The role of emotions at the beginning, middle and end of a PhD program will be explored. The data collection and analysis phases are a time when emotions may run riot. Trepidation is especially common when fieldwork or data collection is involved, as is anger when postgraduate's views about how the world works are challenged and then sadness (and relief!) when the data collection phase is finished. We will discuss how supervisors can assist their postgraduates to make these feelings work for them. The presentation will also explore the emotions that arise from the supervisor-postgraduate partnership

Double-impulse magnetic focusing of launched cold atoms.

We have theoretically investigated three-dimensional focusing of a launched cloud of cold atoms using a pair of magnetic lens pulses (the alternate-gradient method). Individual lenses focus radially and defocus axially or vice versa. The performance of the two possible pulse sequences are compared and found to be ideal for loading both 'pancake' and 'sausage' shaped magnetic/optical microtraps. It is shown that focusing aberrations are considerably smaller for double-impulse magnetic lenses compared to single-impulse magnetic lenses. An analysis of clouds focused by the double-impulse technique is presented

Blood-based bioenergetic profiling is related to differences in brain morphology in African Americans with Type 2 diabetes.

Blood-based bioenergetic profiling has promising applications as a minimally invasive biomarker of systemic bioenergetic capacity. In the present study, we examined peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) mitochondrial function and brain morphology in a cohort of African Americans with long-standing Type 2 diabetes. Key parameters of PBMC respiration were correlated with white matter, gray matter, and total intracranial volumes. Our analyses indicate that these relationships are primarily driven by the relationship of systemic bioenergetic capacity with total intracranial volume, suggesting that systemic differences in mitochondrial function may play a role in overall brain morphology

Pedological Investigations of Pleistocene Glacial Drift Surfaces in the Central Yukon

Distinct soil morphologies associated with three different ages of Quaternary glacial deposits are characterized and subsequently named. Properties which provide a basis for distinguishing these in the field include solum depth, B horizon colour, clay skin development, coarse fragment weathering and periglacial features. A strong relationship is evident between the clay content at depth and the age of soil. Low values of Na pyrophosphate-extractable Fe and Al confirm the absence of any active podzol-forming processes even within the reddest (5YR, 2.5YR) soil horizons. Wounded Moose paleosols are the preserved soils observed on pre-Reid Glaciation (.2-1.2 Ma) deposits which show strong paleoargillic horizon development with red colours, high clay content, and common periglacial modification. Diversion Creek paleosols are the preserved soils found on Reid (80-120 ka) glacial deposits which show moderate paleoargillic horizon development and resemble the contemporary Gray Luvisols of the mid and southern boreal forest regions of Canada. Stewart soils are the weakly developed Brunisols formed on stable landform surfaces of McConnell (14-30 ka) glacial deposits. The Wounded Moose and Diversion Creek paleosols, while found commonly in local areas, occupy only a small proportion of the regional landscape.On a dégagé les caractéristiques des sols (auxquels on a attribué des noms) dont les morphologies distinctes correspondent à trois épisodes de dépôts glaciaires du Quaternaire. Les propriétés pédologiques qui permettent de faire les distinctions sur le terrain sont la profondeur du solum, Ia couleur de l'horizon B, le développement des pellicules argileuses, l'altération des éléments grossiers et les caractéristiques périglaciaires. On constate qu'il existe une forte relation entre la teneur en argile en profondeur et l'âge du sol. Les bas taux de Fe et Al extractibles au pyrophosphate par le sodium démontrent l'absence de processus de formation de podzol, même dans les horizons les plus rouges (5YR, 2,5YR). Les paléosols de Wounded Moose sont les sols conservés que l'on peut observer sur les dépôts de la pré-glaciation de Reed (0,2-1,2 Ma) et qui montrent un fort développement de l'horizon enrichi d'argile à cause des couleurs rouges, de la haute teneur en argile et des modifications périglaciaires courantes. Les paléosols de Diversion Creek sont les sols conservés que l'on peut observer sur les dépôts de la glaciation de Reed (8000-12 000 ans) qui montrent un développement moyen de l'horizon enrichi d'argile et qui ressemblent aux luvisols actuels de Gray que l'on trouve dans le sud et le centre des forêts boréales du Canada. Les sols de Stewart sont des brunisols peu développés formés sur les reliefs stables mis en place par les dépôts de la glaciation de McConnell (14 000-30 000 ans). Les paléosols de Wounded Moose et de Diversion Creek, bien que courants à l'échelle locale, n'occupent qu'une faible partie du territoire.Unterschiedliche Bodenmorphologien werden auf drei verschiedene Episoden glazialer Ablagerungen im Quaternâr bezogen, cha-rakterisiert und anschlieBend benannt. Die Eigenschaften, welche eine Basis zur Unterscheidung dieser bei der Feldforschung liefern, sind die Tiefe des Solum, die Farbe des B-Horizonts, die Entwicklung der Lehm-Oberflàche, die Verwitterung grober Fragmente und die periglazialen Charakteristika. Es besteht offensichtlich eine enge Beziehung zwischen dem Lehm-Gehalt in der Tiefe und dem Alter des Erdreichs. Niedrige Werte von mittels Na Pyrophosphat herauslôsbarem Fe und Al bestàtigen das Fehlen jeglicher aktiver Podsol bildender Prozesse, selbst innerhalb der rôtesten Erd-Horizonte (5 YR, 2.5 YR). Die Paleosols von Wounded Moose sind die auf den Ablagerungen der Vor-Reid-Vereisung (.2-1.2 Ma) erhaltenen Bôden, welche eine starke Entwicklung des paleolehmigen Horizonts aufweisen, mit roten Farben, hohem Lehmgehalt und der ùblichen periglazialen Verànderung. Diversion Creek Paleobôden sind die auf glazialen Ablagerungen von Reid (80-120 ka) vorgefundenen erhaltenen Bôden, welche eine gemàBigte, paleolehmige Horizont-Entwicklung aufweisen und den gegenwàrtigen Luvisols von Gray âhneln, die man in der Mitte und im Sùden der nôrdlichen Waldgebiete von Kanada findet. Die Bôden von Stewart sind schwach entwickelte Brunisols, die sich auf den festen Oberflâchen-reliefs der glazialen Ablagerungen von McConnell (14-30 ka) gebildet haben. Die Paleobôden von Wounded Moose und Diversion Creek nehmen nur einen kleinen Teil der regionalen Landschaft ein, obwohl sie auf ôrtlichem Niveau allgemein zu finden sind

Companion planting to attract pollinators increases the yield and quality of strawberry fruit in gardens and allotments

1. Global pollinator declines have led to concern that crop yields might fall as a result of a pollination deficit. Companion planting is a traditional practice thought to increase yield of insect pollinated crops by planting a co-flowering species next to the crop. 2. Using a combination of conventional researcher-led experiments and observational citizen scientist data, we tested the effectiveness of bee-friendly borage (Borago officinalis) as a companion plant to strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa). Insect visitors to the ‘Test’ (strawberry + borage) versus ‘Control’ (strawberry only) plants were observed, and strawberry fruit collected. Strawberries collected during the researcher-led experiment were also subject to fruit measurements and assessments of market quality. 3. Companion plants were found to significantly increase both yield and market quality of strawberries, suggesting an increase in insect pollination per plant. Test strawberries companion planted with borage produced an average of 35% more fruits, and 32% increased yield by weight. Test strawberry plants produced significantly more fruit of higher aesthetic quality when assessed by Marketing Standards for Strawberries. 4. Although there was no significant difference in the overall insect visits, when broken down by broad insect group there were significantly more flies visiting the test strawberries than controls. 5. These results could have implications for both gardeners and commercial growers. As consumers prefer a cosmetically perfect fruit, the production of fruit with increased aesthetics aids food waste reduction

Using a Grid-Enabled Wireless Sensor Network for Flood Management

Flooding is becoming an increasing problem. As a result there is a need to deploy more sophisticated sensor networks to detect and react to flooding. This paper outlines a demonstration that illustrates our proposed solution to this problem involving embedded wireless hardware, component based middleware and overlay networks

Tunable cavity coupling of the zero phonon line of a nitrogen-vacancy defect in diamond

We demonstrate the tunable enhancement of the zero phonon line of a single nitrogen-vacancy color center in diamond at cryogenic temperature. An open cavity fabricated using focused ion beam milling provides mode volumes as small as 1.24 $\mu$m$^3$. In-situ tuning of the cavity resonance is achieved with piezoelectric actuators. At optimal coupling of the full open cavity the signal from individual zero phonon line transitions is enhanced by about a factor of 10 and the overall emission rate of the NV$^-$ center is increased by 40% compared with that measured from the same center in the absence of cavity field confinement. This result is important for the realization of efficient spin-photon interfaces and scalable quantum computing using optically addressable solid state spin qubits.Comment: 11 pages Main Article + 4 pages Supplementary Info Typos fixed from v

Factors associated with the use of complementary and alternative medicines for prostate cancer by long-term survivors

© 2018 Egger et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Objective To assess whether the use of complementary and alternative medicines therapies (CAMs) for prostate cancer and/or its treatment side effects by long-term survivors is associated with selected socio-demographic, clinical, health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) and/or psychological factors. Design, setting and participants The Prostate Cancer Care and Outcomes Study (PCOS) is a population-based cohort study of men with prostate cancer who were aged less than 70 years at diagnosis in New South Wales, Australia. Included in these analyses were men who returned a 10-year follow-up questionnaire, which included questions about CAM use. Methods Validated instruments assessed patient’s HRQOL and psychological well-being. Poisson regression with robust variance estimation was used to estimate the adjusted relative risks of current CAM use for prostate cancer according to socio-demographic, clinical, HRQOL and psychological factors. Results 996 of 1634 (61%) living PCOS participants completed the 10-year questionnaire. Of these 996 men, 168 (17%) were using CAMs for prostate cancer and 525 (53%) were using CAMs for any reason (including prostate cancer). Those using CAM for prostate cancer were more likely to be regular or occasional support group participants (vs. no participation RR = 2.02; 95%CI 1.41–2.88), born in another country (vs. Australian born RR = 1.59; 95%CI 1.17–2.16), have received androgen deprivation treatment (ADT) since diagnosis (RR = 1.60; 95%CI 1.12–2.28) or in the past two years (RR = 2.34; 95%CI 1.56–3.52). CAM use was associated with greater fear of recurrence (RR = 1.29; 95%CI 1.12–1.48), cancer-specific distress (RR = 1.15; 95%CI 1.01–1.30), cancer-specific hyperarousal (RR = 1.17; 95%CI 1.04–1.31), cancer locus of control (RR = 1.16; 95%CI 1.01–1.34) and less satisfaction with medical treatments (RR = 0.86; 95%CI 0.76–0.97), but not with intrusive thinking, cognitive avoidance, depression, anxiety or any HRQOL domains. Conclusions In this study, about one in six long term prostate cancer survivors used CAMs for their prostate cancer with use centred around ADT, country of birth, distress, cancer control, fear of recurrence and active help seeking