Customer Awareness and Behavior Intention Towards the Use of Halal Logo on Restaurants

The trend of eating out leads the food service industry to the needs of managing customers and making sure that all their needs and preferences can be fulfilled. The certification and recognition of establishment also becomes the in thing in hospitality industry, which includes the certification of halal, HACCP, and ISO. Establishment with certification is useful as a marketing strategy to attract more customers. This study discusses the level of customer awareness of towards the halal logo used in some restaurants which is carried out to give evidence to restaurant operators regarding the importance of attaching the genuine halal logo in their restaurant. From the findings, it is showed that customers are do aware of the use of halal logo on restaurants. It is also a factor in choosing a restaurant. It is concluded that halal logo is one of the main factors for customers in choosing restaurants which in return can be a main strategy to attract and retain more customers in the future, not only for the local customer but also to foreigners

Permeance Based Algorithm For Computation Of Flux Linkage Characteristics Of Non-Linear 6/4 Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM)

The concept of permeance is used in the analysis of flux linkage of 6/4 SRM. The aim of this paper is to develop an efficient algorithm exploiting the nonlinear feature of the 6/4 SRM using the aforementioned concept of permeance. The first step is to generate the relevant equations related to permeances of the 6/4 SRM under study. The 6/4 SRM’s magnetization curve is then derived from the summation of mmf drops at various blocks representing the motor. The air gap permeances are derived at various angles and 3-D leakage effects are taken into account. These permeances are used for the mmf drop computation. The algorithm is capable of efficiently computing mmf drop at every block to consequently yield a complete accurate nonlinear flux linkage feature of the 6/4 switched reluctance motor. In this way, the capability of the SRM to produce the expected four times the specific output torque due to operation in high saturation region compared to an equivalent induction motor as special the attribute of the SRM is demonstrated

Ammonia-Nitrogen Recovery from Synthetic Solution using Agricultural Waste Fibers

In this study, modification of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) fibers as a means to recover ammonianitrogen from a synthetic solution was investigated. Methods: The EFB fiber was modified using sodium hydroxide.Adsorption-desorption studies of ammonia nitrogen into the modified EFB fiber were investigated Findings: Theincrease in adsorption capacity was found to be proportional with the increase of pH up to 7, temperature and ammoniaconcentration. The maximum adsorption capacity is 0.53-10.89 mg/g. The attachment of ammonia nitrogen involves ionexchange-chemisorption. The maximum desorption capacity of 0.0999 mg/g. Applications: This study can be used as abaseline for designing a low cost adsorbent system for ammonia nitrogen recovery drainage and industrial wastewater aswell as EFBs-palm oil mill effluent composting

Global Matrix 4.0 Physical Activity Report Card Grades for Children and Adolescents: Results and Analyses From 57 Countries

Background: The Global Matrix 4.0 on physical activity (PA) for children and adolescents was developed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the global variation in children’s and adolescents’ (5–17 y) PA, related measures, and key sources of influence. The objectives of this article were (1) to summarize the findings from the Global Matrix 4.0 Report Cards, (2) to compare indicators across countries, and (3) to explore trends related to the Human Development Index and geo-cultural regions. Methods: A total of 57 Report Card teams followed a harmonized process to grade the 10 common PA indicators. An online survey was conducted to collect Report Card Leaders’ top 3 priorities for each PA indicator and their opinions on how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted child and adolescent PA indicators in their country. Results: Overall Physical Activity was the indicator with the lowest global average grade (D), while School and Community and Environment were the indicators with the highest global average grade (C+). An overview of the global situation in terms of surveillance and prevalence is provided for all 10 common PA indicators, followed by priorities and examples to support the development of strategies and policies internationally. Conclusions: The Global Matrix 4.0 represents the largest compilation of children’s and adolescents’ PA indicators to date. While variation in data sources informing the grades across countries was observed, this initiative highlighted low PA levels in children and adolescents globally. Measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, local/international conflicts, climate change, and economic change threaten to worsen this situation

Effect of coconut oil emulsion on encapsulation of lactobacillus bulgaricus and survival in simulated gastrointest conditions

A technique was developed to protect lactic acid bacteria against high temperature during spray drying by encapsulation of bacteria cells within film-forming protein-carbohydrate- coconut oil emulsion. For these studies, the viability of the Lactobacillus bulgaricus was the highest in the feed formulation GANAMDO1 (containing 50% gum Arabic, 40% maltodextrin, 10% sodium caseinate w/w in oil/wall ratio=1) with 12.3 x 10-1 % viability after spray drying, surviving up to 2 times better than control cells (containing 100% gum Arabic in oil) at outlet air temperature 80-85°C. Increasing the proportion of the wall material (oil/wall ratio = 0.5) do not improved the viability of Lactobacillus bulgaricus after spray drying. The viable counts of spray dried Lactobacillus bulgaricus entrapped in GANAMDO1 were more than 3 log cycles than those obtained with others feed formulation after sequential exposure to simulated gastric and intestinal juices

In vitro anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant activities and intestinal glucose uptake evaluation of endiandra kingiana extracts

Optimal control of postprandial hyperglycemia is essentially important in the management of diabetes mellitus. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the in vitro anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant properties and intestinal glucose uptake inhibition of Endiandra kingiana (E. kingiana) extracts. Previously, our group has identified and characterized the bioactive compounds of E. kingiana extracts, which had discovered several polyketides; endiandric acids and kingianins. Here, the inhibitory potential of bark-ethyl acetate (BEA), bark-methanol (BM), leaf-ethyl acetate (LEA), and leaf-methanol (LM) extracts of E. kingiana against carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes with their mode of inhibitions were evaluated. Further, the antioxidant activities and inhibitory potential on glucose uptake in Caco-2 human intestinal cell monolayers were determined. Our finding showed that BEA extract exhibited the most potent inhibition activities against α-amylase (IC50 = 2.32 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 1.83 μg/mL) by following inhibition mode of competitive and non-competitive manners, respectively. Meanwhile, BM extract exhibited notable antioxidant capabilities, as evidenced by strongest free radical scavenging (IC50 = 1.18 μg/mL) and reducing power effect (118.53 mM Fe2+ equivalent/g extract) in couple with highest total phenolic contents (10.17 mg GAE/g extract) compared to other extracts. Mechanistically, both BEA and BM extracts of E. kingiana significantly inhibited glucose uptake in Caco-2 cell monolayers under sodium-dependent condition. Collectively, these findings suggest that BM and BEA extracts of E. kingiana exert in vitro anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant properties, which can be further utilized as a potential candidate for treatment of hyperglycemia–induced oxidative stress conditions

Effect of different bleaching reagents and process sequences on the properties of steam exploded empty fruit bunch (EFB) fiber

Bleaching reagent process is essential for the production of cellulose, pulp and paper to increase the appearance and quality of the final products. Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is an agricultural waste with lignocellulosic constituent. Recently, the conversion of EFB towards pulp for food packaging and paper manufacturing or cellulose based materials has been actively developed in lab and pilot scales. However, obtaining efficient extraction and bleaching processes is still the main challenge. In this paper, effect of different bleaching reagent at different sequences towards the brightness properties of the EFB fiber is observed. The EFB fiber was pre-treated using steam explosion process, hot water treatment, alkaline treatment before undergo the bleaching process. Four systems of bleaching process were set using NaOCl and NaO2Cl as the bleaching reagents. Two sets of the system are using single reagent and the other two sets are using mixed reagent. In the single reagent bleaching system, four stages of bleaching process were used for each NaO2Cl (C) and NaOCl (H) solution respectively. While, the mixed bleaching reagent was conducted with two stages of processes with different sequence of reagents (CH and HC). The bleached cellulose obtained via these two systems were characterized in terms of brightness, chemical composition, thermal characteristic and degree of crystallinity. The mixed bleaching reagent system the HC has produced the best quality of cellulose with brightness at 77.68%. The chemical and thermal characteristic of the bleached pulp fiber does not change when the bleaching method were applied to the fibers. Even though, single bleaching reagent system with sodium chlorite shows almost similar brightness at 78.66%, the quantity of solvent used is higher compared to the mixed bleaching reagent system. As a conclusion, mixed bleaching reagent system is an efficient system to produce better quality of cellulose and paper from EFB

Construct validity and reliability of automated body reaction test

Automated Body Reaction Test (ABRT) is a new device for skills and physical assessment instrument to measure ability on react, move quickly and accurately in accordance with stimulus. A total of 474 subjects aged 7-17 years old were randomly selected for the construct validity (n=330) and reliability (n=144). The ABRT score were correlated with Nelson Choice Reaction Time test to find out the validity and reliability test conducted by using test retest prosedures. Finding of the study shows that the validity for students age 7-9 years (r=0,73), 10-12 years (r=0.87), 13-15 (r=0.87) and 16-17 years (r=0.89) meanwhile for reliability for students age 7-9 years (r=0,90), 10-12 years (r=0.87), 13-15 (r=0.88) and 16-17 years (r=0.88). Based on the finding, ABRT showed highly validity, reliability and as a new instrument to measure reaction time on healthrelated fitness.Keywords: validity; reliability; reaction time; physical fitnes

Hepatoprotective Activity of Methanolic Extract of Bauhinia purpurea Leaves against Paracetamol-Induced Hepatic Damage in Rats

In an attempt to further establish the pharmacological properties of Bauhinia purpurea (Fabaceae), hepatoprotective potential of methanol extract of B. purpurea leaves (MEBP) was investigated using the paracetamol- (PCM-) induced liver toxicity in rats. Five groups of rats (n=6) were used and administered orally once daily with 10% DMSO (negative control), 200 mg/kg silymarin (positive control), or MEBP (50, 250, and 500 mg/kg) for 7 days, followed by the hepatotoxicity induction using paracetamol (PCM). The blood samples and livers were collected and subjected to biochemical and microscopical analysis. The extract was also subjected to antioxidant study using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay with the total phenolic content (TPC) also determined. From the histological observation, lymphocyte infiltration and marked necrosis were observed in PCM-treated groups (negative control), whereas maintenance of the normal hepatic structural was observed in group pretreated with silymarin and MEBP. Hepatotoxic rats pretreated with silymarin or MEBP exhibited significant decrease (P<0.05) in ALT and AST enzyme level. Moreover, the extract also exhibited antioxidant activity and contained high TPC. In conclusion, MEBP exerts potential hepatoprotective activity that could be partly attributed to its antioxidant activity and high phenolic content and thus warrants further investigation