SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATIONOF NORMAL HYDROCARBON, NONADECANE IN THE CABBAGE VEGETABLES SAMPLES (Brassica o/eracea VAR. CAPITATA F. ALBA) BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY

ABSTRACT Toxic normal hydrocarbon (NH), nonadecane in the methanolic extract of the whole of cabbage samples collected from different districts of Bangladeshwas analyzed by GC-MS. It was observed that NH deposition on the samples takes place in different morphological parts of the biological materials. The NH, nonadecane, was found in the cabbage samples collected from the highway road side by the extraction of methanol. The identification and quantification of the title compounds have not been reported previously in the cabbage sample. Keywords: Cabbagebrassica oleracea var. capitata f. albaquantificationnormal hydrocarbon, nonadecane, GCMS

Comprehensive identification of sensitive and stable ISFET sensing layer high-k gate based on ISFET/electrolyte models

The ISFET sensing membrane is in direct contact with the electrolyte solution, determining the starting sensitivity of these devices. A SiO2 gate dielectric shows a low response sensitivity and poor stability. This paper proposes a comprehensive identification of different high-k materials which can be used for this purpose, rather than SiO2. The Gouy-Chapman and Gouy-Chapman-Stern models were combined with the Site-binding model, based on surface potential sensitivity, to achieve the work objectives. Five materials, namely Al2O3, Ta2O5, Hfo2, Zro2 and SN2O3, which are commonly considered for micro-electronic applications, were compared. This study has identified that Ta2O5 have a high surface potential response at around 59mV/pH, and also exhibits high stability in different electrolyte concentrations. The models used have been validated with real experimental data, which achieved excellent agreement. The insights gained from this study may be of assistance to determine the suitability of different materials before progressing to expensive real ISFET fabrication

TOXIC NORMAL HYDROCARBONS (NHs) IN THE FISH SAMPLES FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF BANGLADESH

Toxic normal hydrocarbon (NH), nonadecane in the dichloromethane-hexane crude extract of the flesh of fish samples collected from the different districts of Bangladesh was analyzed by GC-MS/MS. It was observed that NH deposition on the samples takes place in different morphological parts of the biological materials. The NH, nonadecane, was found in the fish samples collected from the roadside by the extraction of dichloromethane-hexane mixture solvents.   Keywords: Toxic normal hydrocarbon, nonadecane, quantification, Bangladeshi fish GC-MS/M

IDENTIFICATION OF SOME CARCINOGENIC POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN BANGLADESHI VEHICLES EXHAUST TAR BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROPHOTOMETER

ABSTRACT A more sensitive Gf:-MS method has been established for the determination of some carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vehicles exhaust tar samples. The tar samples were extracted using dichloromethane (DMC): n-hexane solvent mixture. A multi-layer clean-up (silica geVsodiumsulphate) column was used, followed by glass fiber filter (GFF) paper. The method was successfully applied to determine a number of PAHs present in exhaust tar sample of different vehicles of the Atomic Energy Centre,Dhaka, Bangladesh. Keywords: Carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, vehicles tar samples, identification, GC-MS/M

Geometric and process design of ultra-thin junctionless double gate vertical MOSFETs

The junctionless MOSFET architectures appear to be attractive in realizing the Moore’s law prediction. In this paper, a comprehensive 2-D simulation on junctionless vertical double-gate MOSFET (JLDGVM) under geometric and process consideration was introduced in order to obtain excellent electrical characteristics. Geometrical designs such as channel length (Lch) and pillar thickness (Tp) were considered and the impact on the electrical performance was analyzed. The influence of doping concentration and metal gate work function (WF) were further investigated for achieving better performance. The results show that the shorter Lch can boost the drain current (ID) of n-JLDGVM and p-JLDGVM by approximately 68% and 70% respectively. The ID of the n-JLVDGM and p-JLVDGM could possibly boost up to 42% and 78% respectively as the Tp is scaled down from 11nm to 8nm. The channel doping (Nch) is also a critical parameter, affecting the electrical performance of both n-JLDGVM and p-JLDGVM in which 15% and 39% improvements are observed in their respective ID as the concentration level is increased from 1E18 to 9E18 atom/cm3. In addition, the adjustment of threshold voltage can be realized by varying the metal WF

Performance analysis of ultrathin junctionless double gate vertical MOSFETs

The main challenge in MOSFET minituarization is to form an ultra-shallow source/drain (S/D) junction with high doping concentration gradient, which requires an intricate S/D and channel engineering. Junctionless MOSFET configuration is an alternative solution for this issue as the junction and doping gradients is totally eliminated. A process simulation has been developed to investigate the impact of junctionless configuration on the double-gate vertical MOSFET. The result proves that the performance of junctionless double-gate vertical MOSFETs (JLDGVM) are superior to the conventional junctioned double-gate vertical MOSFETs (JDGVM). The results reveal that the drain current (ID) of the n-JLVDGM and p-JLVDGM could be tremendously enhanced by 57% and 60% respectively as the junctionless configuration was applied to the double-gate vertical MOSFET. In addition, junctionless devices also exhibit larger ION/IOFF ratio and smaller subthreshold slope compared to the junction devices, implying that the junctionless devices have better power consumption and faster switching capability

An interdisciplinary framework for Islamic cognitive theories

The Islamic psychology (IP) community in Europe has recently witnessed a heated debate about the credentials required to participate in the theoretical substantiation of IP and Islamically integrated psychotherapy and counseling. This debate has provided convenient circumstances for Muslim psychologists and Islamic scholars alike to rethink their roles within the flourishing movement. Specifically, the discussions hint toward the importance of adopting a collaborative research methodology for IP, in particular for basic research. The methodology of choice will need to define the necessary qualifications and responsibilities of scholars and psychologists in a collaborative research process (personal collaboration) and evince its capability to appropriately marry knowledge and data, diverging research methods, and perspectives, concepts, and theories from Islamic studies and contemporary psychology (content-related collaboration). Here, we devise and offer a case illustration of an Islamic Psychology Basic Research Framework (coined the SALAAM Framework). This framework uses the Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies (IIS) Model of Interdisciplinary Research, developed by the IIS at the University of Amsterdam. Our first aim is to appropriate the IIS model for the IP literature by applying the model's research process phases and technique for the integration of disparate bodies of knowledge—that is, the identification of common ground—to methodological approaches in the contemporary IP literature. Our second aim is to exemplify the devised SALAAM Framework using the relatively unexplored area of Islamic cognitive theories (ICTs), which remain underdeveloped in contemporary psychological literature, primarily because of a lack of commensurability with the nomenclature of contemporary psychology. We thus provide a primer on the potential scope of ICTs. Toward the end of this article, we discuss the potential of the project of interdisciplinary construction of Islamic psychological theory, and the ability of the SALAAM Framework to establish a research program in IP that centers on cognition. We finally offer our reflections on the distinctiveness of Islamic psychologies in comparison to mainstream and Christian psychology.Q4WOS:0004589189000062-s2.0-8506156876

<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-IN">Synthesis of 7-hydroxy-6,8-di-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">C</i>-prenylflavanone</span>

593-595The synthesis of flavanone A 8, a constituent of the leaves and bark of Milletia ovalifolia is described. β-Resacetophenone 1 on treatment with methoxymethyl chloride afford 2,4-dimethoxymcthoxyacctophenone 2 which on nuclear prenylation yield 2,4- dimethoxymcthoxy-3 ,5-di-C-prenylacetophenone 5. Alkaline condensation of 5 with benzaldehyde give 2',4'-dimethoxymethox y-3',5' -di-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">C-prenylchalcone 6. 2',4'-Dihydroxy-3',5'-di–C-prenylchalcone 7 obtained by the demethoxymethylation of 6, on treatment with NaOAc/EtOH furnish 7-hydroxy-6,8-di-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">C-prenylflavanone (8, flavanone A).<span style="font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family: " times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:hiddenhorzocr;mso-hansi-font-family:="" "times="" roman";mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:symbol"="" lang="EN-IN"></span

Synthesis of amoradicin

2399-2401Amoradicin 6, a constituent of the stems of Paramignya grifithii (Rutaceae) has been sy nthesised following an unambiguous route. All the new products have been characterised on the basis of spectral data and microanalysis

IDENTIFICATION OF SOME CARCINOGENIC POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN BANGLADESHI VEHICLES EXHAUST TAR BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROPHOTOMETER

A more sensitive GC-MS method has been established for the determination of some carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vehicles exhaust tar samples. The tar samples were extracted using dichloromethane (DMC): n-hexane solvent mixture. A multi-layer clean-up (silica gel/sodium sulphate) column was used, followed by glass fiber filter (GFF) paper. The method was successfully applied to determine a number of PAHs present in exhaust tar sample of different vehicles of the Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh.   Keywords: Carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, vehicles tar samples, identification, GC-MS/M