Optimism and Pessimism of Hazel Grace in John Green’s Novel The Fault in Our Stars

This study was deal with the optimism and pessimism in Hazel Grace of John Green’s The Fault In Our Stars novel. This research reviews the literature examining connections involving the key constructs of optimism and pessimism. Individual differences in characteristics such as optimism and pessimism have been shown to contribute to variability in distress during stressful situations. The write tried to analyze how the optimism and pessimism can be correlated to literature and how illness can be reflected to the main character from the novel entitled The Fault in Our Stars. The most dominant type of optimism from this research is dispositional optimism and the most dominant type of pessimism from this research is dispositional pessimism. The optimism and pessimism can effect to someone’s life caused by some factors such as illness and depressed like the main character from The Fault in Our Stars novel.     Keywords: optimism, pessimism, literature, illness cussio

The development of QUADAS : a tool for the quality assessment of studies of diagnostic accuracy included in systematic reviews

BACKGROUND: In the era of evidence based medicine, with systematic reviews as its cornerstone, adequate quality assessment tools should be available. There is currently a lack of a systematically developed and evaluated tool for the assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies. The aim of this project was to combine empirical evidence and expert opinion in a formal consensus method to develop a tool to be used in systematic reviews to assess the quality of primary studies of diagnostic accuracy. METHODS: We conducted a Delphi procedure to develop the quality assessment tool by refining an initial list of items. Members of the Delphi panel were experts in the area of diagnostic research. The results of three previously conducted reviews of the diagnostic literature were used to generate a list of potential items for inclusion in the tool and to provide an evidence base upon which to develop the tool. RESULTS: A total of nine experts in the field of diagnostics took part in the Delphi procedure. The Delphi procedure consisted of four rounds, after which agreement was reached on the items to be included in the tool which we have called QUADAS. The initial list of 28 items was reduced to fourteen items in the final tool. Items included covered patient spectrum, reference standard, disease progression bias, verification bias, review bias, clinical review bias, incorporation bias, test execution, study withdrawals, and indeterminate results. The QUADAS tool is presented together with guidelines for scoring each of the items included in the tool. CONCLUSIONS: This project has produced an evidence based quality assessment tool to be used in systematic reviews of diagnostic accuracy studies. Further work to determine the usability and validity of the tool continue

Peningkatan Keterampilan Berbicara Bahasa Inggris

The aims of this research are to analyze (1) the lesson plan of teaching speaking through information gap tasks, (2) the implementation of teaching speaking through information gap tasks, (3) the evaluation system of teaching speaking through information gap tasks, (4) the increase of students‟ speaking using information gap tasks.This is a classroom action research which lasted in 3 cycles. The subject of research was ABA students, class D3BI1 consisting of 30 students 2011/2012 academic year. The data was collected by test, observation note and documentation. The data was analyzed into qualitative descriptive. The result of the research shows that; (1) the lesson plan was designed by using information gap technic with the procedure as follows; the 1st cycle every pair group work was asked to decribe and to tell about the picture, then they had an interview about the information. The 2nd cycle, students were asked to make small group work of 4-5 students, then by the representative, they chose one series picture, and they told the members about the picture, finally they told about their own activity. The 3rd cycle they were asked to have a pair group work and had a role play to perform the dialogue . The score for 1st cycle was 3.2, for 2nd was 3.7 and 3rd was 4. (2) The activity of the students increased every cycle for the indicators of activity, attention, cooperation, and responsibility. (3) Evaluation system of speaking skill test obtained good validity and good reliability. (4) Students‟ speaking skill of the 1st cycle was 20%, the 2nd was 50 % and the 3rd was 86 %. It means the students‟ speaking skill increased

Kinetika Reaksi Transesterifikasi CPO Ber-FFA Tinggi dengan Menggunakan Katalis ZnO Sintesis

Synthesized catalyst ZnO precipitant zinc oxalate was used as the catalyst for converted Crude Palm Oil (CPO) which has a high Free Fatty Acid (FFA) into methyl ester. This research is aimed to determine the kinetics of transesterification reaction of high FFA CPO to methyl ester with that catalyst. The data of kinetics transesterification reaction is done by isolation technique that is by comparison of mole ratio of CPO : methanol 1: 18. Kinetic of transesterification was carried out at different temperatures (45 - 65°C) and different times of reaction (0 - 60 minutes). The effects of temperatures and time of the reaction rate constant were investigated. The result showed that content of methyl ester increased with the increasing of the reaction temperatures. The highest content of methil ester of 97,7% was obtained at 65°C and 60 minutes of reaction time. The rate constant of transesterification was determined by employing integral and differential method with the overall chemical reaction following the pseudo first order reaction. The activation energy was 36,55 kJ/mol

Analisis dan Perancangan Sistem ECRM pada PT Paramitra Media Perkasa

Customers are the key to achieve company's success, that's why company should actively participate in keeping a good relationship with them. One of the ways to create a good relationship with customers is by applying e-CRM (Customer Relationship Management). A research at PT Paramitra Media Perkasa is focused in marketing by interviewing managers and telemarketers, analizying business process, and after doing library research. Based on the analysis,it can be figured out a problem in continuously making a relationship with customers. With e-CRM system, hopefully it will help company manage and keep a good relationship with costumers, as a result it will able to increase profit and company's productivity

Analisis Efisiensi Teknis USAhatani Padi di Jawa dan Luar Jawa : Pendekatan Data Envelopment Analysis (Dea)

Efficiency is an important aspect for farmer that can be used as a measuring tools to make a decision regarding production among available options. The objectives of this research is to evaluate the technical efficiency of paddy farming, and to identify the factors that influence the technical efficiency of paddyfarms in Jawa and outside Jawa. To analyzed the data, data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach and tobit regression were applied. Farmers were not use the the right amount of inputs as being recommended by the instructor, such as the use of seed, fertilizer NPK and urea. The use of Urea, NPK, and labor had the largest percentage of input slacks when compared to the other production inputs. Farmers in Jawa could reduce the use of urea by 6.75 kg, NPK by 14.96 kg, and labor by 7.45 HOK and farmers in outside Jawa could reduce the use of urea by 32.37 kg, NPK by 6.01 kg, and labor by 15.93 HOK to make the paddy farm technically efficient. One of the factors that can greatly influence the improvement of farming technical efficiency is the socio-economic factors. Factors that affecting the technical efficiency of paddy farm in Jawa were the age, the level of formal education, member of Farming group and the number of members in the household, and do not significantly affect the technical efficiency of paddy farm is acces formal finance, and ectention. Factors that affecting the technical efficiency of paddy farm in outside Jawa were the age, the level of formal education, and member of Farming group and, and do not significantly affect the technical efficiency is the number of members in the household, acces formal finance, and ectention

Korelasi Karakter Anatomi Daun Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea Batatas L.) Kultivar Tahan dan Tidak Tahan terhadap Intensitas Penyakit Kudis Daun

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is one of alternative food sources beside than rice. Sweet potatoes are contains minerals, nutrients, sources of energy, protein, vitamins A and C. Sweet potatoes have lower productivity than rice and cassava. The low productivity of sweet potatoes due to several factors, which one of them is a leaf scab disease caused by pathogens Sphaceloma batatas Saw. The purpose of this study is to determine the character of the anatomy of sweet potato leaf cultivars that resistant and unresistant to the intensity of leaf scab disease, as well as the correlations between the anatomy character of sweet potato leaves with leaf scab disease intensity. The method used in this study is an experimental method with factorial completely randomized design. The first factor is the character of the anatomy of four cultivars sweet potato leaves, Cangkuang and Sukuh cultivars (cultivars resistant), cultivars Cilembu and Beta (unresistant cultivars). The second factor is the inoculation treatment S. batatas Saw. The parameters were observed thickness of cuticle, epidermis, mesophyll, the size (length and width) stomata, density of stomata and trikomata as well as the intensity of the disease were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). To determine the correlation between the anatomy character leaves with disease intensity using regression correlation analysis. The results showed that Cangkuang cultivar has cuticle, epidermis and mesophyll thickest. Beta cultivars have stomata size of the longest and widest. Cilembu cultivar has the highest density of stomata. Sukuh cultivars has the highest density. The anatomy characters include of a thick cuticle, epidermis, stomata size (length and width), as well as the density of stomata and trikomata correlated with intensity of leaf scab disease

Aplikasi Quick Count Pada Pemilu Legislatif Dengan Metode Sainte Lague Berbasis Mobile

Pemilu merupakan pesta demokrasi di suatu kota yang diadakan setiap lima tahun sekali, untuk memilih anggota legislatif tingkat kota/kabupaten, DPR Provinsi, DPR RI, DPD maupun presiden. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi dalam Pemilu adalah biasanya perhitungan suara secara manual membutuhkan waktu yang lama, bisa mencapai beberapa minggu atau bahkan lebih dari sebulan. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan kesimpangsiuran dan ketidakpastian informasi siapa yang menang, siapa yang berhak duduk dikursi DPR (dalam pemilu legislatif). Penggunaan handphone dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media pengiriman data perhitungan suara dari tiap tempat pemungutan suara (TPS) yang tersebar di seluruh Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini membangun aplikasi quick count pada pemilu legislatif untuk mempercepat perhitungan suara menggunakan metode sainte lague. Hasil dari penelitian aplikasi quick count ini dapat menyampaikan hasil perhitungan suara di setiap TPS tanpa harus menunggu waktu yang terlalu lama dikarenakan setiap relawan dapat langsung mengirimkan hasil perhitungan suara pada setiap penugasannya menggunakan smartphonenya