PENGELOLAAN COLD STORAGE IKAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI KELEMBAGAAN BARU

Cold storage yang dibangun Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP) di berbagai daerah sebagai salah satu implementasi kebijakan Sistem Logistik Ikan Nasional (SLIN) yang bertujuan untuk menjaga ketersediaan ikan untuk bahan baku industri dan konsumsi dalam negeri. Cold storage 1.000 ton didirikan untuk menjadi role model sarana buffer stock milik pemerintah di Wilayah Jakarta namun dalam implementasinya masih mengalami kendala karena pemanfaatannya belum optimal dan belum menarik minat pelaku perikanan dalam cakupan yang lebih luas. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji sistem kelembagaan yang diterapkan dalam pengelolaan cold storage 1.000 ton dari perspektif bisnis. Penelitian menggunakan metode studi kasus di cold storage pemerintah yaitu cold storage berkapasitas 1.000 ton yang terletak di Muara Baru, Jakarta Utara. Analisis kelembagaan pengelolaan cold storage dilakukan secara kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan teori Ekonomi Kelembagaan Baru. Output analisis yang diharapkan berupa penilaian terhadap kelembagaan yang berjalan apakah telah sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip ekonomi kelembagaan baru dan teori yang mendukung lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelembagaan cold storage 1.000 ton masih membutuhkan peningkatan pengelolaan. Aspek yang paling berkontribusi terhadap kurangnya kinerja bisnis di cold storage tersebut adalah property right dan flexibility and adaptability. Implikasi yang dapat diberikan adalah perbaikan kelembagaan melalui 1) pengembangan model bisnis yang lebih customize dengan kebutuhan pengguna, 2) pembentukan badan atau lembaga yang lebih otoritatif dalam layanan publik, 3) penyelarasan insentif dan membangun kerja sama dengan cakupan pengguna yang lebih luas, 4) penerapan standar prosedur yang diimbangi komitmen kepatuhan dari stakeholders dan kontrol yang kuat, 5) peningkatan kecepatan dan fleksibilitas layanan serta 6) penetapan harga yang kompetitif.Fish cold storage was built by the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries in various regions as one of the implementations of the National Fish Logistics System policy, which aims to maintain the availability of fish for industrial raw materials and domestic consumption. The cold storage of 1,000 tons was established to become a role model for the government's buffer stock facility in the Jakarta area. However, its implementation is still experiencing obstacles because its use is not optimal and has not attracted the interest of fisheries players in the broader scope. The research objective is to examine the institutional system implemented in managing cold storage of 1,000 tons from a business perspective. The research uses a case study method in government cold storages located in Muara Baru, North Jakarta. The institutional analysis of cold storage management was analyzed descriptively and qualitatively using the New Institutional Economic Theory approach. The research results show that the institution of cold storage of 1,000 tons still needs to improve its management. The aspects that contribute most to the lack of business performance in cold storage are property rights and, flexibility and adaptability. The implications that can be given are institutional improvements through 1) developing business models that are more tailored to user needs, 2) establishing bodies or institutions that are more authoritative in public services, 3) aligning incentives and building cooperation with a wider range of users, 4) implementation of standard procedures balanced with commitment to compliance from stakeholders and strong controls, 5) increased speed and flexibility of services and 6) competitive pricing

Faktor–Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Intensi Berwirausaha Pertanian Siswa Smk Agribisnis Di Kabupaten Cianjur

Cianjur Regency is one of the areas that relies on agriculture as a support for the economy and welfare of its people. In 2020, the number of poor people in the Cianjur Regency decreased, allegedly because of increasing financial prosperity. Simultaneously, the number of entrepreneurs in the Cianjur Regency has increased rapidly. This indicates that entrepreneurship is a contributing factor to the rising financial well-being of the residents in Cianjur Regency. The majority of the productive age group, 15-19 years old, currently studying at vocational high schools, represent crucial capital for advancing agriculture in the Cianjur Regency through entrepreneurship. The aim of this research is to analyze the factors that influence the agricultural entrepreneurship intentions of Agribusiness Vocational School students in the Cianjur Regency. The sample for this study was selected using purposive sampling. The analysis involved  descriptive methods and the application of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The research results show that the factors that influence the agricultural entrepreneurship intentions of Agribusiness Vocational School students in the Cianjur Regency are attitudes towards behavior (ATB), subjective norms (SNS), and perceived behavioral control (PCB). This research suggests that collaboration between the government, schools, and universities is needed so that vocational school students can maintain and improve the factors that can influence entrepreneurial intentions.Cianjur Regency is one of the areas that relies on agriculture as a support for the economy and welfare of its people. In 2020, the number of poor people in Cianjur Regency decreased, allegedly due to increasing financial prosperity. Simultaneously, the number of entrepreneurs in Cianjur Regency has increased quite rapidly. This then suggests that one of the reasons for the increasing financial welfare of the people of Cianjur Regency is entrepreneurship. The majority of the population in the productive class aged 15-19 years who are currently studying at vocational high schools (SMK) are important capital for advancing agriculture in Cianjur Regency through entrepreneurship. The aim of this research is to analyze the factors that influence the agricultural entrepreneurship intentions of Agribusiness Vocational School students in Cianjur Regency. Determination of the sample in this study used proportionate stratified random sampling. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis and PLS-SEM analysis. The research results show that the factors that influence the agricultural entrepreneurship intentions of Agribusiness Vocational School students in Cianjur Regency are attitudes towards behavior, subjective norms and behavioral control. This research suggests that collaboration between the government, schools and universities is needed so that vocational school students maintain and improve the factors that can influence entrepreneurial intentions

Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Aliran Perdagangan Produk Pertanian Antar Negara ASEAN

Sektor pertanian memiliki peranan penting bagi pembangunan perekonomian nasional, terutama negara yang berada di kawasan ASEAN dengan iklim yang sangat cocok untuk kegiatan pertanian. Perdagangan produk pertanian antarnegara ASEAN dari segi ekspor mengalami peningkatan secara bertahap, namun ekspor keluar kawasan sangat besar. Rasio ekspor yang lebih rendah di kawasan ASEAN dapat disebabkan oleh produk pertanian ASEAN yang sangat kompetitif, tetapi hal ini tidak dapat meningkatkan rasio impor antarnegara. Kondisi ini menjelaskan bahwa belum optimalnya pemanfaatan peluang dalam kegiatan perdagangan di kawasan ASEAN.  Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi aliran perdagangan produk pertanian antarnegara ASEAN. Data yang digunakan peneliti adalah data sekunder di sektor pertanian periode 2013 sampai 2022 dengan variabel GDP masing-masing negara di ASEAN, GDP per kapita, populasi, jarak ekonomi, dan nilai tukar. Data diolah dengan pendekatan model gravity. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahwa variabel independen yang berpengaruh positif dan dan signifikan adalah populasi negara asal, populasi negara mitra, GDP per kapita negara asal dan GDP per kapita negara mitra, sementara jarak ekonomi memberikan pengaruh negatif terhadap model aliran perdagangan produk pertanian antarnegara ASEAN. Untuk mendukung aliran perdagangan produk pertanian, perlu dikakukan pembangunan infrastruktur pelabuhan pada masing-masing negara di kawasan ASEAN dengan cara meningkatkan kapasitas pelabuhan, pengembangan pelabuhan, serta sarana dan prasarana yang mendukung efisiensi keberlangsungan proses ekpor dan impor produk pertanian. Peningkatan kualitas produk pertanian perlu dilakukan agar sesuai dengan standar negara tujuan ekspor dan mampu bersaing.The agricultural sector has an important role for national economic development, especially countries in the ASEAN region with a climate that is very suitable for agricultural activities. Trade in agricultural products between ASEAN countries in terms of exports has gradually increased, but exports out of the region are very large. The lower export ratio in the ASEAN region can be due to ASEAN's highly competitive agricultural products, but this cannot increase the import ratio between countries. This condition explains that the utilization of opportunities in trade activities in the ASEAN region has not been optimal.  The purpose of the study is to determine the factors that influence the flow of trade in agricultural products between ASEAN countries. The data used by researchers are secondary data in the agricultural sector for the period 2013 to 2022 with variables of GDP of each country in ASEAN, GDP per capita, population, economic distance, and exchange rate. The data is processed with a gravity model approach. The results showed that the independent variables that had a positive and significant effect were the population of the country of origin, population of the partner country, GDP per capita of the country of origin and GDP per capita of the partner country, while economic distance had a negative influence on the model of trade flow of agricultural products between ASEAN countries. To support the flow of trade in agricultural products, it is necessary to rigid port infrastructure development in each country in the ASEAN region by increasing port capacity, port development, and facilities and infrastructure that support the efficiency of the export process and import of agricultural products. Improving the quality of agricultural products needs to be done to be in accordance with the standards of export destination countries and able to compete

Kelayakan Usaha Madu Berbasis Eduwisata Lebah Tanpa Sengat Di Pondok Pesantren Kabupaten Lebong

The Nurul Qur'an Islamic boarding school in Lebong Regency has a stingless bee educational tour to provide education on bees and honey as a promotion to visitors. This research aims to (1) determine the feasibility of a honey business with an edutourism concept at the Nurul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School from a non-financial perspective (2) measure the financial feasibility of a honey business with an edutourism concept without training packages and homestays compared with the presence of training packages and homestays using NPV, Net B/C, IRR, and Payback Period as tools for measuring investment criteria (3) measure the level of sensitivity to changes in maximum production, input and output prices of honey with the edutourism concept without training packages and homestays compared with the presence of training packages and homestays that can be accepted by the perpetrator business. Data collection methods include surveys, interviews and document studies, the sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The results of the analysis of non-financial aspects which include market aspects, technical aspects, management and legal aspects, social and economic aspects, and environmental aspects show that this business is feasible to run. The results of the financial analysis seen from the Payback Period, IRR, NPV and Net B/C calculations show that scenario 2 is more profitable than scenario 1. The results of sensitivity analysis using switching values ​​for scenarios 1 and 2 on input components are more sensitive to product prices and a decrease in honey production, Meanwhile, the output component is more sensitive to labor costs, so it is recommended to maintain product availability and quality and improve marketing with various effective approachesThe demand for honey has increased from year to year, based on BPS data, the number of honey imports has increased significantly every year, however, according to the Indonesian Beekeeping Association, honey consumption in Indonesia is still low per year, namely 15-20 grams/capita/year. The Nurul Qur'an Islamic boarding school in Lebong Regency has a stingless bee educational tour to provide education about bees and honey directly as a promotion to visitors. The aim of this research is (1) to determine the feasibility of various non-financial aspects of an edutourism-based honey business through market aspects, technical aspects, legal aspects, management aspects, social, economic and cultural and environmental aspects. (2) to measure the financial feasibility analysis without a training package and homestay facilities (scenario 1) compared to an edutourism-based honey business with a training package and homestay facilities (scenario 2) using investment criteria, namely NPV, Net B/C, IRR, and Payback Period, . Data collection methods include surveys, interviews and document studies, the sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The results of the analysis of non-financial aspects which include market aspects, technical aspects, management and legal aspects, social and economic aspects, and environmental aspects show that this business is feasible to run. The results of the financial analysis seen from the calculation of Payback Period, IRR, NPV and Net B/C show that scenario 1 is more profitable compared to scenario 2. Then for the results of sensitivity analysis using switching values product prices and honey production are more sensitive compared to total fixed costs. costs) and variable costs, so it is recommended to maintain product availability and quality and improve marketing with various effective approaches

Manajemen Risiko Usahatani Cabai Rawit : Studi Kasus Di Kawasan Gunung Merapi

Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L) is a horticultural commodity commonly grown by farmers in the Merapi mountain region. The productivity and price of cayenne pepper have fluctuated significantly in recent years, both at the national level and in the Merapi mountain region. This study aims to describe the types, sources, and levels of risk, analyze and assess risk management in cayenne pepper farming based on risk levels, risk mapping, and total household income analysis of cayenne pepper farmers in the Merapi mountain region. The sample consisted of 100 farmers selected through simple random sampling, criteria including being residents who have been farming cayenne pepper for 10 years in the Merapi mountain region, growing cayenne pepper in the area, making cayenne pepper the main commodity on their land, and farmers who have sources of income outside of farming or do not have sources of income outside of farming. Data analysis includes risk analysis, total household income analysis, and quantitative descriptive analysis. In the Pakem District, the values for production risk, price risk, and profit risk are 67%, 8%, and 120%, respectively. In the Dukun District, these values are 55%, 14%, and 240%, respectively. Finally, in the Selo District, the values are 45%, 7%, and 84%, respectively. The analysis of farmers' household income is divided into two categories: farmers who have income outside of farming and those who do not have income outside of farming in each district. The highest average total household income of Cayenne pepper farmers is in the Selo District, with an average monthly income of Rp. 4,903,512. Important considerations in agricultural risk management include providing insurance for cayenne pepper, developing markets, and diversifying land use.  Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L) is a common horticultural commodity cultivated by farmers in the Mount Merapi area. Farmers in this region face the risk of fluctuating productivity due to unpredictable volcanic eruption activities. This study aims to describe the types, sources, and levels of risk, analyze and examine risk management in bird's eye chili farming based on risk levels, risk mapping, and the total household income analysis of bird's eye chili farmers in Mount Merapi. The sample consists of 100 farmers selected through simple random sampling, with the criteria being residents who have been farming cayenne pepper for 10 years in the Mount Merapi area, growing cayenne pepper as the main commodity on their farmland, and farmers with and without additional income sources outside of farming. Data analysis includes risk analysis, total household income analysis, and descriptive quantitative analysis. In Pakem Subdistrict, the coefficient of variation values for production, price, and profit risks are 0.67, 0.08, and 1.20, respectively. In Dukun Subdistrict, these values are 0.55, 0.14, and 2.40, respectively. Lastly, in Selo Subdistrict, the values are 0.45, 0.07, and 0.84, respectively. Household income analysis is divided into two categories: farmers with additional income sources outside of farming and those without additional income sources in each district. The highest average total household income of cayenne pepper farmers is found in Selo Subdistrict. Important considerations in agricultural risk management include providing insurance for cayenne pepperi, market development, and land diversification

Determinan Keputusan Petani Mengelola Usahatani Padi Di Lahan Suboptimal

The conversion of paddy fields seriously impacts rice availability for national food reserves, so the government is implementing a sub-optimal land extension program. Indonesia has sub-optimal land that has the potential to become a national rice barn if appropriately managed. The types of sub-optimal land most widely used in rice cultivation are lowland and tidal swamps, where the community can work. This research analyzes the determinants of rice farmers' decisions in managing sub-optimal land. This research was conducted in West Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province, with a sample of 90 rice farmers. Data were analyzed using the multinomial logistic regression method. The determining factors are seen from the demographic and economic aspects. The research results show that factors that significantly influence farmers' decisions to choose tidal land from the demographic aspect are age and farming experience; from the economic element are the number of family dependents, land ownership status, and non-farming income. The significant determining factors in farmers' decisions to manage lowland swamp land from the demographic aspect are age and farming experience, and from the economic element are the number of family dependents and non-farming income. From the research, recommendations that can maximize the use of sub-optimal land are increasing promotion and education to the community about rice cultivation on sub-optimal land, providing easy access for farmers to rent land, and it is hoped that farmers will continue to have non-farming income to balance household needs and procurement of capital and farming input.The conversion of paddy fields seriously impacts rice availability for national food reserves, so the government is implementing a sub-optimal land extension program. Indonesia has suboptimal land that has the potential to become a national rice barn if appropriately managed. The types of suboptimal land most widely used in rice cultivation are lowland and tidal swamps, where the community can work. This research analyzes the determinants of rice farmers' decisions in managing suboptimal land. This research was conducted in West Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province, with a sample of 90 rice farmers. Data were analyzed using the multinomial logistic regression method. The determining factors are seen from the demographic and economic aspects. The research results show that factors that significantly influence farmers' decisions to choose tidal land from the demographic aspect are age and farming experience; from the economic element are the number of family dependents, land ownership status, and non-farming income. The significant determining factors in farmers' decisions to manage lowland swamp land from the demographic aspect are age and farming experience, and from the economic element are the number of family dependents and non-farming income. From the research, recommendations that can maximize the use of suboptimal land are increasing promotion and education to the community about rice cultivation on suboptimal land, providing easy access for farmers to rent land, and it is hoped that farmers will continue to have non-farming income to balance household needs and procurement of capital and farming input

Posisi Pasar Karet Indonesia Di Pasar Internasional

Indonesia's position as the largest rubber producing country in the world allows them to become the main exporter of natural rubber. Indonesia exports the majority of its natural rubber production to countries like Japan, India, Brazil, the United States, South Korea, China, Turkey, and others. The competition between Indonesia and other producing countries in exporting rubbers to international markets is relatively tight. The aim of this research is to analyze the position of Indonesia’s technically specified natural rubbers (TSNR) in the international market compared to other exporting countries. The analytical method used is the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) Model. The data used in this research is secondary data from Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Ivory Coast, Vietnam, Belgium, and Nigeria over the last 10 years (2012 – 2022). The results show that there is a tight competition between Indonesia and Thailand, Ivory Coast, Belgium, Nigeria and the Rest of the World in competing for market share of natural rubber in the international market because the relationship between Indonesia's natural rubber and these countries are substitutional. Meanwhile, Indonesia's natural rubber relationship with Malaysia is complementary. Indonesian natural rubber is a normal good, so if there is an increase in prices it will cause a decrease in demand. If there is an increase in demand for rubber exports in the international market, then the country that will benefit the most is Vietnam. Meanwhile, Indonesia is the fourth ranked country that will benefit the most if it happens.Indonesia's position as the largest rubber producing country in the world allows them to become the main exporter of natural rubber. Indonesia exports the majority of its natural rubber production to countries like Japan, India, Brazil, the United States, South Korea, China, Turkey, and others. The competition between Indonesia and other producing countries in exporting rubbers to international markets is relatively tight. The aim of this research is to analyze the position of Indonesia’s technically specified natural rubbers (TSNR) in the international market compared to other exporting countries. The analytical method used is the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) Model. The data used in this research is secondary data from Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Ivory Coast, Vietnam, Belgium, and Nigeria over the last 10 years (2012 – 2022). The results show that there is a tight competition between Indonesia and Thailand, Ivory Coast, Belgium, Nigeria and the Rest of the World in competing for market share of natural rubber in the international market because the relationship between Indonesia's natural rubber and these countries are substitutional. Meanwhile, Indonesia's natural rubber relationship with Malaysia is complementary. Indonesian natural rubber is a normal good, so if there is an increase in prices it will cause a decrease in demand. If there is an increase in demand for rubber exports in the international market, then the country that will benefit the most is Vietnam. Meanwhile, Indonesia is the fourth ranked country that will benefit the most if it happens

Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Risiko Produksi Bawang Putih Di Indonesia

Garlic productivity in Indonesia is still low and fluctuates every year. The productivity fluctuations indicate production risks. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the productivity and risks of garlic production in Indonesia. The data used in this study is secondary data from the Agricultural Census. Locations of this research were chosen purposively. They are in the three largest production centers, namely Central Java, West Nusa Tenggara, and East Nusa Tenggara. The total sample is 305 farmer respondents from 333 farmer respondents surveyed by the Statistic Center Agency. The method of analysis used in this study is production function with the Just and Pope model approach. Multiple linear regression analysis for the productivity function is estimated through the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, whereas, for the production risk function, estimation is conducted using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method. The results showed that the risk level of garlic production in Indonesia was high. Factors significantly increased productivity, including seeds, labor, the dry season, and climate change. Meanwhile, factors that significantly reduced productivity are organic fertilizers and SP36 fertilizers. The risk-inducing production factor is climate change, while the risk-reducing factors are pest attacks and liquid pesticides. To boost productivity, farmers can cultivate garlic during the dry season, increase the use of high-quality seedlings and labor, and reduce the application of organic and SP36 fertilizers. To mitigate production risks, farmers can enhance the use of liquid pesticides following recommended usage standards.Garlic productivity in Indonesia is still low and fluctuates every year. The productivity fluctuations indicate production risks. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the productivity and risks of garlic production in Indonesia. The data used in this study is secondary data from BPS 2014 in the three largest production centers, namely Central Java, West Nusa Tenggara, and East Nusa Tenggara, with a total sample of 305 farmer respondents from 333 farmer respondents. The method used in this study is a multiple linear regression model with the Just and Pope model approach. Multiple linear regression analysis for the productivity function is estimated through the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, whereas for the production risk function, estimation is conducted using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method. The results showed that the risk level of garlic production in Indonesia was high. Factors significantly increased productivity, including seeds, labor, the dry season, and climate change. Meanwhile, factors that significantly reduced productivity are organic fertilizers and SP36 fertilizers. The risk-inducing production factor is climate change, while the risk-reducing factors are pest attacks and liquid pesticides. To boost productivity, farmers can cultivate garlic during the dry season, increase the use of high-quality seedlings and labor, and reduce the application of organic and SP36 fertilizers. To mitigate production risks, farmers can enhance the use of liquid pesticides following recommended usage standards

Determinan Yang Memengaruhi Pemilihan Saluran Pemasaran Kopi Robusta Di Kabupaten Malang

The demand for coffee in Malang Regency by determining the quantity of commodities is very dependent on the marketing subsystem. Robusta coffee marketing channels in Malang Regency include marketing institutions, namely small traders, sub-district collectors and large traders. Coffee marketing is dominated by small traders. This research aims to analyze the determinants that influence the choice of marketing channels for Robusta coffee in Malang Regency. The location of this research was carried out in two villages, namely Srimulyo Village and Sukodono Village, Kec. Dampit, Kab. Poor. The respondents in this research were Robusta coffee farmers in two villages in a total of 60 respondents. Marketing agency respondents were then determined using snowball sampling techniques. Snowball sampling method by collecting data based on information from previous respondents based on existing marketing patterns in Malang Regency. This research uses multinomial logit analysis by determining efficient marketing channels as a reference variable. Based on the results of marketing channel analysis, it was found that there are 5 marketing channel patterns. Marketing channel 1 consists of 27 farmers and the largest channel choice is 45%, while the results of the marketing efficiency analysis show that channel 5, namely direct farmers to wholesalers, is the most efficient. Marketing channel 5 consists of 11 farmers with a percentage of 18.3%. The results of the research show that 3 variables influence the choice of marketing channels, namely production volume, farming experience, and education level. Suggestions from research for extension workers and local governments need to assist farmers regarding financing and coffee market information so that marketing channel choices are more varied.ABSTRACT The demand for coffee in Malang Regency by determining the quantity of commodities is very dependent on the marketing subsystem. Robusta coffee marketing channels in Malang Regency include marketing institutions, namely small traders, sub-district collectors and large traders. Coffee marketing is dominated by small traders. This research aims to analyze the determinants that influence the choice of marketing channels for Robusta coffee in Malang Regency. The location of this research was carried out in two villages, namely Srimulyo Village and Sukodono Village, Kec. Dampit, Kab. Poor. The respondents in this research were Robusta coffee farmers in two villages in a total of 60 respondents. Marketing agency respondents were then determined using snowball sampling techniques. Snowball sampling method by collecting data based on information from previous respondents based on existing marketing patterns in Malang Regency. This research uses multinomial logit analysis by determining efficient marketing channels as a reference variable. Based on the results of marketing channel analysis, it was found that there are 5 marketing channel patterns. Marketing channel 1 consists of 27 farmers and the largest channel choice is 45%, while the results of the marketing efficiency analysis show that channel 5, namely direct farmers to wholesalers, is the most efficient. Marketing channel 5 consists of 11 farmers with a percentage of 18.3%. The results of the research show that 3 variables influence the choice of marketing channels, namely production volume, farming experience, and education level. Suggestions from research for extension workers and local governments need to assist farmers regarding financing and coffee market information so that marketing channel choices are more varied

Daya Saing Dan Komplementaritas Perdagangan Kayu Indonesia: Kasus Kawasan Asia-Pasifik

Indonesia trades ten groups of wood in the Asia-Pacific region. Many forest industry problems occur during trade. Competition and interdependence in trade are research objectives. The research secondary data source is taken from UN Comtrade 2011-2021 and analyzed using the Export Similarity Index (ESI), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Trade Complementarity Index (TCI), and Intra-Industry Trade (IIT) methods. The research results show that the wood export trade between Indonesia and competing countries competes weakly with each other in the six partner countries. Indonesia is competitive in the products SITC 245 (fuel wood (excluding wood waste) and wood charcoal), SITC 248 (wood, simply worked, and railway sleepers of wood), SITC 251 (pulp and waste paper), SITC 634 (veneers, plywood, particle board, and other wood, worked, n.e.s.), SITC 635 (wood manufactures, n.e.s.), and SITC 641 (paper and paperboard). On the other hand, Indonesia and partner countries almost complement each other as trading partners in terms of exports and imports of wood. However, the integration of Indonesian wood trade with partner countries is considered weak. Products SITC 248 (wood, simply worked, and railway sleepers of wood), SITC 251 (pulp and waste paper), SITC 641 (paper and paperboard), and SITC 642 (paper and paperboard, cut to size or shape, and articles of paper or paperboard) are several product industries that have led to intra-industry trade. Policy recommendations are to utilize resources optimally, develop the wood processing industry to produce finished wood products, and improve the quality and standards of wood products in accordance with policies in trade cooperation.Indonesia trades ten groups of wood in the Asia-Pacific region. Many forest industry problems occur during trade. Competition and interdependence in trade are research objectives. The research secondary data source is taken from UN Comtrade 2011-2021 and analyzed using the Export Similarity Index (ESI), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Trade Complementarity Index (TCI), and Intra-Industry Trade (IIT) methods. The research results show that the wood export trade between Indonesia and competing countries competes weakly with each other in the six partner countries. Indonesia is competitive in the products SITC 245 (fuel wood (excluding wood waste) and wood charcoal), SITC 248 (wood, simply worked, and railway sleepers of wood), SITC 251 (pulp and waste paper), SITC 634 (veneers, plywood, particle board, and other wood, worked, n.e.s.), SITC 635 (wood manufactures, n.e.s.), and SITC 641 (paper and paperboard). On the other hand, Indonesia and partner countries almost complement each other as trading partners in terms of exports and imports of wood. However, the integration of Indonesian wood trade with partner countries is considered weak. Products SITC 248 (wood, simply worked, and railway sleepers of wood), SITC 251 (pulp and waste paper), SITC 641 (paper and paperboard), and SITC 642 (paper and paperboard, cut to size or shape, and articles of paper or paperboard) are several product industries that have led to intra-industry trade. Policy recommendations are to utilize resources optimally, develop the wood processing industry to produce finished wood products, and improve the quality and standards of wood products in accordance with policies in trade cooperation