56 research outputs found
The nonlinear association between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism: An individual data meta‐analysis
Objective: Narcissism can manifest in grandiose and vulnerable patterns of experience and behavior. While largely unrelated in the general population, individuals with clinically relevant narcissism are thought to display both. Our previous studies showed that trait measures of grandiosity and vulnerability were unrelated at low-to-moderate levels of grandiose narcissism, but related at high levels. Method: We replicate and extend these findings in a preregistered individual data meta-analysis ("mega-analysis") using data from the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI)/Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (HSNS; N = 10,519, k = 28) and the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI; N = 7,738, k = 17). Results: There was strong evidence for the hypothesis in the FFNI (βGrandiose 1 SD = .36, βGrandiose > 2 SD = .53), and weaker evidence in the NPI/HSNS (βGrandiose 1 SD = .12, βGrandiose > 2 SD = .32). Nonlinearity increased with age but was invariant across other moderators. Higher vulnerability was predicted by elevated antagonistic and low agentic narcissism at subfactor level. Conclusion: Narcissistic vulnerability increases at high levels of grandiosity. Interpreted along Whole Trait Theory, the effects are thought to reflect state changes echoing in trait measures and can help to link personality and clinical models
Risk Factors for Postcesarean Maternal Infection in a Trial of Extended-Spectrum Antibiotic Prophylaxis
To identify maternal clinical risk factors for postcesarean maternal infection in a randomized clinical trial of preincision extended-spectrum antibiotic prophylaxis
Professional excellence: the necessary convergence of psychological variables
O estudo da excelência humana assume essencialmente dois enfoques, um deles acentuando as variáveis psicológicas dos indivíduos e outro enfatizando as aquisições decorrentes da prática ou treino deliberado. Neste artigo procurou-se integrar tais estudos, propondo que o surgimento e a manutenção da excelência pressupõem uma constelação de variáveis psicológicas que vão para além da alta capacidade intelectual. Mais concretamente, descreveu-se um conjunto de variáveis cognitivas, motivacionais e de personalidade, assumidas como relevantes na excelência profissional em diferentes áreas de desempenho e de conhecimento. No seio das variáveis cognitivas e, fazendo uma ponte com as variáveis de personalidade, destaca-se o papel da criatividade para a excelência, reconhecendo a sua particular relevância em algumas áreas de realização profissional.The study of human excellence can be described based on two main approaches focusing either on individuals' psychological variables or on acquisitions by training or deliberate practice. The purpose of this study is to integrate these models based on the assumption that the emergence and maintenance of excellence requires a constellation of fundamental psychological variables that transcend intellectual capacity. More specifically, a set of cognitive, motivational, and personality variables that are considered important for professional excellence in different levels of performance and areas of knowledge were described. Among the cognitive variables and their association with personality variables, it is worth mentioning the significant role of creativity in the pursuit of excellence, recognizing its relevance to specific areas of professional performance.(undefined
As cold as a fish? Relationships between the Dark Triad personality traits and affective experience during the day: A day reconstruction study
The Dark Triad of personality is a cluster of three socially aversive personality traits: Machiavellianism,
narcissism and psychopathy. These traits are associated with a selfish, aggressive
and exploitative interpersonal strategy. The objective of the current study was to
establish relationships between the Dark Triad traits (and their dimensions) and momentary
affect. Machiavellianism, grandiose narcissism, vulnerable narcissism and the dimensions
of the Triarchic model of psychopathy (namely, boldness, meanness and disinhibition) were
examined. We used the Day Reconstruction Method, which is based on reconstructing
affective states experienced during the previous day. The final sample consisted of 270 university
students providing affective ratings of 3047 diary episodes. Analyses using multilevel
modelling showed that only boldness had a positive association with positive affective states
and affect balance, and a negative association with negative affective states. Grandiose
narcissism and its sub-dimensions had no relationship with momentary affect. The other
dark traits were related to negative momentary affect and/or inversely related to positive
momentary affect and affect balance. As a whole, our results empirically demonstrated distinctiveness
of the Dark Triad traits in their relationship to everyday affective states. These
findings are not congruent with the notion that people with the Dark Triad traits, who have a
dispositional tendency to manipulate and exploit others, are generally cold and invulnerable
to negative feelings. The associations between the Dark Triad and momentary affect were
discussed in the contexts of evolutionary and positive psychology, in relation to the role and
adaptive value of positive and negative emotions experienced by individuals higher in
Machiavellianism, narcissism and psychopathy
The antecedents and outcomes of creative cognition
This chapter summarises the antecedents and outcomes that are associated with creative potential and creative achievement, as well as the outcomes of creative practice and engagement with the arts. It provides a concise overview of the relationships between creativity and individual or dispositional factors such as intelligence, personality and executive functions, while also exploring the effects of environmental or situational factors, such as reward and evaluation, on creativity and motivation with an especial focus on two important outcomes of creative cognition, academic achievement and wellbeing. The consequences associated with engagement in creative practice and arts-integrated teaching are also discussed
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