Modelo para o atendimento global à criança em um hospital escola

A model for multiprofessional care to be used in teaching hospitals was presented. The systematization of basic data allows specific identification of the physical and psychosocial conditions of the child, besides knowledge of the family situation and community characterization. With these elements the elaboration of a global diagnosis aiming at the treatment of the child, the changing of unfavourable environmental conditions and development or enhancement of favourable conditions for its growth and development becomes possible. This approach, regardind attention, permits treatment that fulfils the child's biological, cognitive, affective and psychomotor needs. As for tuition, it propitiates the development of personnel with a biological and psychosocial view of health, creating opportunities for multiprofessional teamwork. In reference to research, it allows the undergoing of studies regarding standardization of patterns of care in the medical, social work, nursing, nutrition and health education fields.Foi apresentado um modelo de atendimento multiprofissional para uso em hospital escola, embasado numa visão global da problemática de saúde da criança. A utilização do modelo, pela sistematização de dados considerados básicos, permite além da identificação específica das condições físicas e psico-sociais da criança, um conhecimento da situação familiar e caracterização da comunidade. Com estes elementos, torna-se factível a elaboração de um diagnóstico global, visando o tratamento da criança, a modificação de situações ambientais desfavoráveis à criança ou reforço de condições favoráveis a seu melhor crescimento e desenvolvimento. Esta abordagem, com relação à assistência, possibilita um tratamento que atenda às necessidades da criança nos seus aspectos biológico, cognitivo, afetivo e psicomotor. Com relação ao ensino, favorece a formação de profissionais com uma visão biológica e psico-social de saúde, dando oportunidade para desenvolvimento de trabalho em equipe multiprofissional. Em termos de pesquisa, permite a realização de estudos de normalização de atendimento nas áreas médica, de serviço social, de enfermagem, de nutrição e de educação para a saúde

The importance of service quality in British Muslim’s choice of an Islamic or non-Islamic bank account

Using an extended SERVQUAL model, this study identifies and compares the importance of service quality to Muslim consumers with an Islamic or non-Islamic bank account in a non-Muslim country, Britain. Eight group discussions and survey with 300 Muslims were conducted. Five dimensions of service quality were identified, i.e. Responsiveness, Credibility, Islamic Tangibles, Accessibility and Reputation. These differ in structure and content from the original SERVQUAL developed in the west and the subsequent CARTER model constructed in a Muslim country. In addition, significant differences were found in the importance rating of items by respondents holding an account with an Islamic bank compared to those with a non-Islamic bank account. This study is one of the first to identify and compare the importance of service quality between Islamic and non-Islamic bank account holders in a western non-Muslim country. The results advance our understanding of the impact of culture on SERVQUAL. The study provides insight into Muslims’ bank choice and helps bank managers of both Islamic and non-Islamic banks to focus their attention on the service quality dimensions that matter most to Muslim customers

Synovitis in osteoarthritis: current understanding with therapeutic implications

Modern concepts of osteoarthritis (OA) have been forever changed by modern imaging phenotypes demonstrating complex and multi-tissue pathologies involving cartilage, subchondral bone and (increasingly recognized) inflammation of the synovium. The synovium may show significant changes, even before visible cartilage degeneration has occurred, with infiltration of mononuclear cells, thickening of the synovial lining layer and production of inflammatory cytokines. The combination of sensitive imaging modalities and tissue examination has confirmed a high prevalence of synovial inflammation in all stages of OA, with a number of studies demonstrating that synovitis is related to pain, poor function and may even be an independent driver of radiographic OA onset and structural progression. Treating key aspects of synovial inflammation therefore holds great promise for analgesia and also for structure modification. This article will review current knowledge on the prevalence of synovitis in OA and its role in symptoms and structural progression, and explore lessons learnt from targeting synovitis therapeutically

Bovine cryptosporidiosis: impact, host-parasite interaction and control strategies

International audienceAbstractGastrointestinal disease caused by the apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum is one of the most important diseases of young ruminant livestock, particularly neonatal calves. Infected animals may suffer from profuse watery diarrhoea, dehydration and in severe cases death can occur. At present, effective therapeutic and preventative measures are not available and a better understanding of the host–pathogen interactions is required. Cryptosporidium parvum is also an important zoonotic pathogen causing severe disease in people, with young children being particularly vulnerable. Our knowledge of the immune responses induced by Cryptosporidium parasites in clinically relevant hosts is very limited. This review discusses the impact of bovine cryptosporidiosis and describes how a thorough understanding of the host–pathogen interactions may help to identify novel prevention and control strategies

Identification of a Peptide for Systemic Brain Delivery of a Morpholino Oligonucleotide in Mouse Models of Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides are emerging treatments for neuromuscular diseases, with several splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs) currently undergoing clinical trials such as for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). However, the development of systemically delivered antisense therapeutics has been hampered by poor tissue penetration and cellular uptake, including crossing of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach targets in the central nervous system (CNS). For SMA application, we have investigated the ability of various BBB-crossing peptides for CNS delivery of a splice-switching phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotide (PMO) targeting survival motor neuron 2 (SMN2) exon 7 inclusion. We identified a branched derivative of the well-known ApoE (141-150) peptide, which as a PMO conjugate was capable of exon inclusion in the CNS following systemic administration, leading to an increase in the level of full-length SMN2 transcript. Treatment of newborn SMA mice with this peptide-PMO (P-PMO) conjugate resulted in a significant increase in the average lifespan and gains in weight, muscle strength, and righting reflexes. Systemic treatment of adult SMA mice with this newly identified P-PMO also resulted in small but significant increases in the levels of SMN2 pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) exon inclusion in the CNS and peripheral tissues. This work provides proof of principle for the ability to select new peptide paradigms to enhance CNS delivery and activity of a PMO SSO through use of a peptide-based delivery platform for the treatment of SMA potentially extending to other neuromuscular and neurodegenerative diseases

Identification of a Peptide for Systemic Brain Delivery of a Morpholino Oligonucleotide in Mouse Models of Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides are emerging treatments for neuromuscular diseases, with several splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs) currently undergoing clinical trials such as for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). However, the development of systemically delivered antisense therapeutics has been hampered by poor tissue penetration and cellular uptake, including crossing of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach targets in the central nervous system (CNS). For SMA application, we have investigated the ability of various BBB-crossing peptides for CNS delivery of a splice-switching phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotide (PMO) targeting survival motor neuron 2 (SMN2) exon 7 inclusion. We identified a branched derivative of the well-known ApoE (141-150) peptide, which as a PMO conjugate was capable of exon inclusion in the CNS following systemic administration, leading to an increase in the level of full-length SMN2 transcript. Treatment of newborn SMA mice with this peptide-PMO (P-PMO) conjugate resulted in a significant increase in the average lifespan and gains in weight, muscle strength, and righting reflexes. Systemic treatment of adult SMA mice with this newly identified P-PMO also resulted in small but significant increases in the levels of SMN2 pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) exon inclusion in the CNS and peripheral tissues. This work provides proof of principle for the ability to select new peptide paradigms to enhance CNS delivery and activity of a PMO SSO through use of a peptide-based delivery platform for the treatment of SMA potentially extending to other neuromuscular and neurodegenerative diseases

Plan de negocios para la implementaci?n de una agencia de transporte tur?stico utilizando motos el?ctricas en la ciudad del Cusco

El servicio de transporte tur?stico utilizando motocicletas el?ctricas esta enfocada en generar un menor impacto ambiental para que los turistas contribuyan con el cuidado del medio ambiente y la preservaci?n de los sitios tur?sticos en la ciudad. El servicio se encuentra altamente enfocado por utilizar movilidad el?ctrica, brindar seguridad a sus usuarios y contar con un personal calificado para atender a turistas nacionales y extranjeros. Se forma alianzas con agencias de viajes, tanto mayorista como minorista, para que abastezcan de turistas al servicio quien trabaja como un operador tur?stico debido a que solo es el encargado de la gesti?n del viaje mas no de la adquisici?n de pasajeros. La ruta por ofrecer en el servicio es de Valle Sur, el cual contiene los sitios tur?sticos de Tip?n, Pikillaqta y el pueblo de Andahuaylillas. Se contar? con una van el?ctrica para el traslado de usuarios desde Cusco hasta el pueblo de Saylla, donde se inicia el recorrido en las motocicletas el?ctricas. El circuito cuenta con dos turnos, 13 motocicletas y 2 vans el?ctricas

A combined electromagnetic and heat transfer model for heating of foods in microwave combination ovens

15 páginasThe objective of the present research was to establish a combined electromagnetic and heat transfer model to predict the temperature distribution in food loads during microwave and forced air heating in a microwave combination oven. The microwave process was modelled using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method to numerically solve Maxwell's equations in three dimensions, assuming the food properties to be constant. The power dissipated at each cell in the computational domain was subsequently calculated. Heat transfer was modelled using Fourier's equation for heat conduction with convective boundary conditions. The conduction model was spatially discretised using finite elements. The power dissipation field was transferred to the finite element heat transfer code using interpolation modules to couple the models. Validation experiments were made for comparisons with predicted temperatures inside a model food load with brick-shaped geometry. Good qualitative agreement between predicted and measured temperature profiles was obtained.Peer reviewe