Clinical, hormonal and ovarian morphological correlation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Background: Aim of the study was to study the correlation between clinical, ultrasonographical and hormonal features in women diagnosed as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and association with vitamin D levels.Methods: This prospective study was conducted among women attending gynecological outpatient department (OPD) of Subharti Medical College, Meerut over a period of two years among 100 patients with clinical diagnosis of PCOS/PCOD according to Rotterdam criteria (2013) were included in this study. All biochemical investigations to be carried out for levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), vitamin D levels, lipid profile to understand the endocrinal and metabolic derangements if any in the patient. Ultrasound pelvis for ovarian study was conducted to know the ovarian morphology, no of follicles if any and their size, which were helpful in the diagnosis of PCOS.Results: Nulliparity and multiparity was reported among 32% and 68% of the subjects respectively. Most common complaint was hirsuitism (43%). According to ultrasonography (USG), PCOS was found to be positive and negative among 87% and 13% of the subjects respectively. Most of the subjects had vitamin D level of 20-50 while <20 vitamin D level was found among 27% of the subjects. Vitamin D deficiency was found to be more in subjects having morphological presence of PCOS as compared to subjects with morphological absence of PCOS with statistically significant difference.Conclusions: On correlating ultrasonological findings with clinic hormonal changes in PCOS women we found that hirsuitism and vitamin d deficiency was significantly more common in women with sonological findings suggestive of PCOS

Heading Home? Reshoring and Sustainability Connectedness from a Home‐Country Consumer Perspective

Abstract: Extensive globalisation has presented several sustainability challenges highlighted in the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals. These include the environmental impact of global product procurement and manufacturing and the irregular treatment of indigenous workers in developing countries. Thus, reshoring, defined as a firm's voluntary strategy to partially or totally relocate production to the home country, is gaining traction. However, most research on reshoring focuses on firms, leaving the consumers’ perspective under‐researched. Here, we examine British consumers’ perspectives on reshoring to the UK and sustainability. By employing the theoretical lens of connectedness, anchored in attachment theory, we conducted 30 in‐depth interviews using projective techniques and analysed the data using the constant comparison method. We found that consumers not only positively viewed their connectedness with the concept of reshoring from a sustainability perspective, but also appraised it from a global perspective, demonstrating empathy towards the host country. Further, they doubted corporations’ motives regarding reshoring. Three theoretical dimensions emerged based on consumers’ connectedness with reshoring and sustainability, specifically, supporting reshoring conditionally, inclusive reshoring, and doubting reshoring

Trademarks and the Economic Dimensions of Trademark Law in Europe and Beyond

The economic analysis of trademark law continues to draw a number of commentaries, yet more and more, the courts are not factoring concrete economic analysis of trademark law and trademark protection in their decisions. In this entry I give an overview and status of trademarks from a law and economic perspective and suggest that trademark laws need to respond to the economic dimension that occurs on the market and consumer economic behavior.Peer reviewe

Psychological contract breach: Unraveling the dark side of business-to-business relationships

While there is an increasing awareness of the importance of developing successful business-to-business relationships, little research has explored the dark side of these relationships. We drew upon the concept of psychological contract, underpinned by social exchange theory to examine breach and the dark side of business-to-business relationships. We conducted in-depth interviews with 24 consultants in the UK and found that breach could take varying forms, resulting in differing levels of intensity of the dark side. The four theoretical categories of breach were classified as minor infractions, negative disruptions, intensified adverse events, and intolerable transgressions, which correspond to low, moderate, high, and very high levels of the dark side of business-to-business relationships, respectively. The dark side behavioral outcomes were identified as self-adjusting, renegotiating, escalating, and departing. We develop a set of research propositions, integrating and extending the business-to-business and psychological contract literature. We also highlight key implications for theory and practice

An analysis of employment relationships in Asia using psychological contract theory : a review and research agenda

Psychological contract theory is increasingly gaining traction as a means of examining the linkages (black box) between Human Resource Management (HRM) and performance. This paper systematically reviews the existing psychological contract research conducted in Asia over the period from 1998-2019. It takes an important step towards building an understanding of psychological contract theory in Asia while also making a critical contribution to the broad domains of HRM and employment relationship. In our review of 96 articles, we consider the two dominant themes that capture the psychological contract evaluation and content in Asia and highlight the theoretical, methodological and contextual gaps in the literature. We also offer specific guidance in the form of potential future research directions and conclude by discussing theoretical and practical implications of the analysis