HAKIKAT HAK ANGKET ANGGOTA DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA

Hak angket merupakan hak Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat dalam melaksanakan pengawasan terhadap kebijakan pemerintah, maka dalam perkembangannya hak angket dapat digunakan untuk kepentingan golongan politik. Permasalahannya bagaimana kedudukan hak angket dan akibat hukum penerapan hak angket. Dengan kajian penelitian hukum normatif dapat disimpulkan bahwa hak angket merupakan hak konstitusional dan akibat hukum yaitu pemerintah (eksekutif) wajib untuk melaksanakan hasil hak angket. Sebagai saran yaitu penerapan hak angket yang termaktub dalam Pasal 199 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 17 Tahun 2014 tentang Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, Dan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah  (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2014 Nomor 182; Tambahan Lembaran Negara Nomor 5568) diubah menjadi ‘’Usul sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1) menjadi hak angket DPR apabila mendapat persetujuan dari rapat paripurna DPR yang dihadiri lebih dari 3/4 (tiga per empat) jumlah anggota DPR dan keputusan diambil dengan persetujuan lebih dari 2/3 (dua per tiga) jumlah anggota DPR yang hadir’’, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat lebih memperhatikan kejelasan norma dalam pengertian hak angket, serta masyarakat agar cermat mengamati kebijakan, dan hasil hak angket dapat dijadikan sebagai alat bukti

Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Allelic Frequency and Lead Toxicity in Children Under-Five in a Former Used Lead-Acid Battery Area

Polymorphisms in the Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase (ALAD) gene responsible for the ALAD1 and ALAD2 alleles have been implicated in susceptibility to lead toxicity. This study aimed to determine the allelic frequency of ALAD2 among children living in Bogor District, Indonesia, and its association with blood lead levels (BLLs) and lead toxicity. A cross-sectional study involving 128 children was conducted during September-October 2019 in the former ULAB area in Cinangka Village. The ALAD polymorphism, BLLs, and hematological parameters were evaluated. Blood samples were taken for dried blood spotting on filter paper, blood film, and BLL measurement. The PCR amplification and sequencing of the genomic DNA revealed the presence of two forms of the ALAD2 allele: 177C and 177T with a frequency of 0.05. Analysis of the correlation between the ALAD2 allele, BLLs, and basophilic stippling revealed that ALAD2 carriers had a five times higher risk of high BLLs, (OR = 5.359, p-value = 0.155) and had a slightly higher risk of exhibiting basophilic stippling (OR = 1.09, p-value = 1.000). Although not statistically significant, these findings suggested that the ALAD genotype may modify BLLs and lead to toxicity. The ALAD2 allele(177T) is firstly reported in any population in the world

From Motion to Emotion : Accelerometer Data Predict Subjective Experience of Music

Music is often discussed to be emotional because it reflects expressive movements in audible form. Thus, a valid approach to measure musical emotion could be to assess movement stimulated by music. In two experiments we evaluated the discriminative power of mobile-device generated acceleration data produced by free movement during music listening for the prediction of ratings on the Geneva Emotion Music Scales (GEMS-9). The quality of prediction for different dimensions of GEMS varied between experiments for tenderness (R12(first experiment) = 0.50, R22(second experiment) = 0.39), nostalgia (R12 = 0.42, R22 = 0.30), wonder (R12 = 0.25, R22 = 0.34), sadness (R12 = 0.24, R22 = 0.35), peacefulness (R12 = 0.20, R22 = 0.35) and joy (R12 = 0.19, R22 = 0.33) and transcendence (R12 = 0.14, R22 = 0.00). For others like power (R12 = 0.42, R22 = 0.49) and tension (R12 = 0.28, R22 = 0.27) results could be almost reproduced. Furthermore, we extracted two principle components from GEMS ratings, one representing arousal and the other one valence of the experienced feeling. Both qualities, arousal and valence, could be predicted by acceleration data, indicating, that they provide information on the quantity and quality of experience. On the one hand, these findings show how music-evoked movement patterns relate to music-evoked feelings. On the other hand, they contribute to integrate findings from the field of embodied music cognition into music recommender systems

The influence of employees education on keeping the security during the work in the gas – dangerous zones

Strefy gazowo-niebezpieczne to miejsca, gdzie bardzo ważne jest przestrzeganie zasad bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy. W takich obszarach istnieją specjalne wymagania dotyczące prac. W celu ochrony zdrowia i życia ludzi ważną rolę odgrywa ocena ryzyka, która informuje o podstawowych zagrożeniach i niebezpieczeństwach. Osoby pracujące w tych strefach muszą przejść odpowiednie szkolenia, gdyż ich edukacja ma wpływ na bezpieczną pracę.The gas – dangerous zones are the places where it is very important to obey the principles of occupational health and safety. In these areas there are special requirements for work. In protecting human health and life it is very important to assess the risk properly. .The assessment informs about the basic dangers and hazards and the persons working in these zones must have the adequate training because their education has a direct impact on safety of their work

Dynamics of the dead wood resources in the Swinia Gora strict nature reserve

The aim of the study was to characterize the state and dynamics of dead wood resources in the stands of the Świnia Góra strict forest reserve, which was excluded from use for a longer period of time (from 1938/1953), and to compare the results with the state and dynamics of living trees resources. The reserve covers 51 hectares of an upland forest in the Świętokrzyska Forest (central Poland). Data was collected in 2000, 2007 and 2014 on 95 systematically distributed 500 m2 sample plots. The location and dimensions of living trees, standing dead trees (snags, including stumps) and downed trees (logs) on each sample plot were determined and measured. The decay stages of dead wood were estimated using a four−point scale classification. The average volume of dead wood was 198 ±32 m3/ha (43 ±8% of living trees) in 2000 and 138 ±17 m3/ha (24 ±3%) in 2014 (fig. 1). The ratio of the volume of snags to logs decreased from 30 ±5% in 2000 to 24 ±6% in 2014. Silver fir was the dominant species among both living and dead trees (fig. 2). The share of dead wood volume in decay stages 1 and 2 was the highest among snags, while in stages 2 and 3 – among logs. The number of highly decomposed wood increased in the period 2000−2014 (fig. 3). The decay rate of wood calculated over a 7−year period was more rapid for logs (fig. 4). In the period of 14 years, 119 ±23 m3/ha of dead wood underwent a complete decomposition. Volume of trees that died within that period was 59 ±10 m3/ha (fig. 5). The complete decomposition of snags amounted to 64 ±10% and logs to 58 ±5% of the initial dead wood volume. The dead wood resources in the investigated period were not balanced: the amount of decayed wood was larger than the amount of wood replenishing the resources. The lack of this balance was due to the lack of the balance of living trees – dead wood resources were insufficiently replenished by trees that had died during analysed 14 years. The dead wood resources at a level of approximately 200−230 m3/ha might be balanced via their continuous replenishment by newly died trees in the amount close to the current volume increment

A spatial audio quality inventory for virtual acoustic environments (SAQI)

The perceptual evaluation of spatial audio systems may be based on singular auditory qualities such as the localization accuracy or the perception of coloration, on overall criteria of perceptual accuracy such as plausibility and authenticity or on detailed catalogues of auditory qualities. However, only the latter will be suited for the perceptual characterization of a simulation's technical shortcomings and allow for its focused improvement. Therefore, a common vocabulary containing all perceptual attributes which are relevant in this context appears desirable. Existing vocabularies for the evaluation of sound field synthesis, spatialization technologies and virtual acoustic environments were often generated ad hoc by authors or were focused on specific perceptual aspects or on specific spatialization techniques only. To overcome limitations with respect to the relevance and completeness of these vocabularies we have developed a Spatial Audio Quality Inventory (SAQI) for the perceptual evaluation of all spatial audio technologies used for the (re)synthesis of acoustic environments. It is a consensus vocabulary comprising 48 verbal descriptors of auditive qualities assumed to be of practical relevance when comparing (re)synthesized sound fields to real or imagined references or amongst each other. The vocabulary was generated by a Focus Group of 21 German speaking experts for virtual acoustics. Five additional experts helped verifying the unambiguity of all descriptors and the related explanations. Moreover, an English translation was generated and verified by eight bilingual experts. This article describes the applied methodology and presents the English version of the final vocabulary