Radon Exposure and Neurodegenerative Disease

Background: To carry out a systematic review of scientific literature about the association between radon exposure and neurodegenerative diseases. Methods: We performed a bibliographic search in the following databases: Pub med (Medline), Cochrane, BioMed Central and Web of Science. We collected the data by following a predetermined search strategy in which several terms werecombined. After an initial search, 77 articles were obtained.10 of which fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Five of these 10 studies were related to multiple sclerosis (MS), 2 were about motor neuron diseases (MND), in particular amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and 3 were related to both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Results: The majority of the included articles, suggested a possible association between radon exposure and a subsequent development of neurodegenerative diseases. Some of the studies that obtained statistically significant resultsrevealed a possible association between radon exposure and an increase in MS prevalence. Furthermore, it was also suggested that radon exposure increases MND and AD mortality. Regarding AD and PD, it was observed that certainde cay products of radon-222 ((222)Rn), specifically polonium-210 ((210)Po) and bismuth-210 ((210)Bi), present a characteristic distributionpattern within the brain anatomy. However, the study with the highest scientific evidence included in this review, which investigated a possible association between the concentration of residential radon gas and the MS incidence, revealed no significant results. Conclusions: It cannot be concluded, although it is observed, that there is a possible causal association between radon exposure and neurodegenerative diseases. Most of the available studies are ecological so, studies of higher statistical evidence are needed to establish a causal relationship. Further research is needed on this topic

En el norte : Un compilado de hojas para rumiantes

47 p. Recurso Electr?nicoA partir de este texto se pretende evidenciar un modo de pensar y sentir, con relaci?n al proceso creativo de una serie gr?fica que est? direccionada hacia la experimentaci?n de la multiplicidad del ser a partir de una vida, de un camino que se abre en variables y ondeantes direcciones, es decir por medio del cuerpo y del territorio que est?n en constante transformaci?n, es en s? una b?squeda experiencial, por ende, personal, que implica inevitablemente todo aquello o gran parte de eso con lo que se topa, encuentra, lo que se manifiesta en medio de este recorrido. Palabras claves: Serie gr?fica, multiplicidad, territorio, experiencial.From this text the intention is to make evident a way of thinking and feeling, in relation with the creative process of a graphic series that is directed to the experimentation of the multiplicity of being as from a life, of a path that opens in variable and waving directions, that is to say, through the body and the territory that is in a constant transformation, is itself an experiential search, thus personal, that inevitably implies all that or a big part of that with it bumps, encounter. What manifest in the middle of this trail. Keywords: Graphic series, multiplicity, territory, experiential

A REDUCED TABLEOF THE ZECH´S LOGARITHM

In this work we will solve the problem of expression of the sum of two given elements of a finite field, as power of the primitive element of the field. We obtain a reduced table of the Zech's logarithm from our proposal that relate the Zech'slogarithm with the partition of the exponents of the powers of elements over finite field ð‘®ð‘­(ð’‘ð’) in p-cyclotomic cosets modulo (ð’‘ð’−ðŸ). This reduces, in a significant way, the quantity of information to store and it facilitates its use in several cryptographic algorithms, specifically in asimetric cryptography. It is illustrated the computationof the Zech'slogarithm of any element thatdoesn't appear in the obtained reduced table

Solar and biomass hybridization through hydrothermal carbonization

Hydrothermal carbonization process can transform wet bio-wastes into value-added products. This work aims to hybridize a concentrating solar technology and a biomass reactor for the continuous and sustainable valorization of biomass. The novel technology proposed integrates a linear beam-down solar field with a twin-screw reactor for continuous HTC process. The solar field consists of two reflections that concentrate linearly the sun energy on the ground, where the twin-screw reactor is placed. A mathematical model is proposed to solve both the heat transfer and HTC kinetics for a co-rotating twin-screw reactor. The incoming heat flux from the solar field (8-20 kW/m(2)), the reactor length (L/D = 30-60 where D is the diameter) and the rotating velocity of the screw (25-100 rpm) are the main variables used to process the biomass up to the desired severity factor. The simulation results of different lignocellulosic biomasses (loblolly pine, sugarcane bagasse, corn stover and rice husk) are validated against literature data. The developed model shows good agreement with experimental results shown in the literature. The proposed technology foresees hydrochar yields of 64-78% for severity factors of 4.2 and 5.3, respectively, in agreement to the experimental results of 63-70% shown in literature. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Blocking IL-17: A Promising Strategy in the Treatment of Systemic Rheumatic Diseases

Systemic rheumatic diseases are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune disorders that affect the connective tissue, characterized by the involvement of multiple organs, leading to disability, organ failure and premature mortality. Despite the advances in recent years, the therapeutic options for these diseases are still limited and some patients do not respond to the current treatments. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a cytokine essential in the defense against extracellular bacteria and fungi. Disruption of IL-17 homeostasis has been associated with the development and progression of rheumatic diseases, and the approval of different biological therapies targeting IL-17 for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has highlighted the key role of this cytokine. IL-17 has been also implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic rheumatic diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjogren's syndrome (SS) and systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aim of this review is to summarize and discuss the most recent findings about the pathogenic role of IL-17 in systemic rheumatic and its potential use as a therapeutic option

a four-year follow-up study in portuguese children

Children?s motor competence (MC) was negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic; however, possible chronic effects have not been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the possible impact of the forced lack of physical activity (PA) during the COVID-19 lockdown on children?s MC two years later. The motor competence of sixty-seven healthy children (7.4?12.2 years old) was assessed using the Motor Competence Assessment (MCA). All participants completed the MCA tests at two different moments (before and after the COVID-19 lockdown), four years apart. The mean values after the COVID-19 lockdown for all participants on the subscales and on the Total MCA are lower, but no significant changes were found when controlling for gender and age (p > 0.05 in all analyses). However, a significant decrease was found in the Locomotor subscale in boys (p = 0.003). After dividing the participants into three age groups, the youngest also suffered a decrease in the Locomotor subscale (p < 0.001) and their Total MCA (p = 0.04). In addition, those participants who had a higher MC at baseline decreased their scores for the Locomotor (p < 0.001) and Manipulative (p < 0.001) subscales, and for the Total MCA (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the younger children and the more motor proficient did not fully recover from the negative effects of the pandemic lockdown after two years.4811-99FE-2ECD | Luis Paulo RodriguesN/

Boundary conditions for hyperbolic formulations of the Einstein equations

In regards to the initial-boundary value problem of the Einstein equations, we argue that the projection of the Einstein equations along the normal to the boundary yields necessary and appropriate boundary conditions for a wide class of equivalent formulations. We explicitly show that this is so for the Einstein-Christoffel formulation of the Einstein equations in the case of spherical symmetry.Comment: 15 pages; text added and typesetting errors corrected; to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravit

La motivaci?n como elemento fundamental en los procesos de ense?anza y aprendizaje de los ni?os y ni?as del nivel transici?n de la instituci?n educativa San Francisco

53 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEl proyecto titulado la motivaci?n como elemento fundamental en los procesos de ense?anza y aprendizaje de los ni?os y ni?as del nivel transici?n de la Instituci?n Educativa San Francisco Sede Cural La Tigrera, ha sido realizado con el objetivo de Identificar la relaci?n entre familia y escuela como agentes motivacionales en los procesos de ense?anza y aprendizaje de los ni?os y ni?as del nivel de transici?n de la Instituci?n Educativa San Francisco Sede Cural la tigrera, la idea es establecer posibles soluciones a esta problem?tica identificada, ya que la misma est? generando en los educandos diferentes dificultades en sus procesos de ense?anza y aprendizaje, con ello se pretende lograr sacar las conclusiones de dichos comportamientos y realizar algunas recomendaciones que den pie para un mejoramiento en cuando a la integraci?n entre familia y escuela, permita el mejor desempe?o del estudiante en todos los aspectos de su labor estudiantil y la responsabilidad compartida entre familia y escuela, todo ello a trav?s de las encuestas y entrevistas informales realizadas a padres de familia y docentes de la instituci?n. De esta manera, se logr? identificar, causas, consecuencias, y caracter?sticas, las cuales permitieron favorecer la motivaci?n hacia el aprendizaje. El proyecto concluye con un an?lisis de resultados y diferentes recomendaciones que pretenden dar posibles alternativas de soluci?n a la problem?tica identificada, que permitan crear un ambiente favorable para la motivaci?n y el aprendizaje de los infantes, desde sus intereses y necesidades. Partiendo de la importancia de la motivaci?n en los procesos de ense?anza y aprendizaje y del compromiso entre familia y escuela para generar procesos integrales en los ni?os y ni?as del nivel transici?n de la Instituci?n Educativa San Francisco Sede Cural La Tigrera. Palabras claves: aprendizaje, motivaci?n, ense?anza, l?dica, integraci?n, comunidad educativa.The project entitled Motivation as a fundamental element in the teaching and learning processes of children at the transition level of the Educational Institution San Francisco Cural La Tigrera Headquarters, has been carried out with the aim of Identifying the relationship between family and school as motivational agents in the teaching and learning processes of children in the transition level of the San Francisco Educational Institution Cural la tigrera Headquarters, the idea is to establish possible solutions to this identified problem, since it is generating in the different students difficulties in their teaching and learning processes, with the aim of achieving the conclusions of these behaviors and make some recommendations that lead to an improvement in when the integration between family and school, allows the best performance of the student in all aspects of their student work and responsibility with between family and school, all through informal surveys and interviews with parents and teachers of the institution. In this way, it was possible to identify, causes, consequences, and characteristics, which allowed to favor the motivation towards learning. The project concludes with an analysis of results and different recommendations that seek to provide possible solutions to the problem identified, to create a favorable environment for the motivation and learning of the infants, from their interests and needs. Starting from the importance of motivation in the teaching and learning processes and the commitment between family and school to generate integral processes in the children of transition level of the Educational Institution San Francisco Cural La Tigrera Headquarters. Keywords: learning, motivation, teaching, playfulness, integration, educational community

Factores asociados a la insuficiencia renal aguda en pacientes hospitalizados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos de la Cl?nica Ibagu? del 1 de mayo de 2016 al 31 de octubre del 2017

68 p. Recurso Electr?nicoLa insuficiencia renal aguda es una complicaci?n frecuente en los pacientes cr?ticos, siendo una causa importante de morbimortalidad. Objetivo: Establecer la asociaci?n entre factores socio demogr?fico y cl?nico con la insuficiencia renal aguda en pacientes hospitalizados en la Unidad De Cuidados Intensivos de la cl?nica Ibagu? en el periodo comprendido entre el 1 Mayo de 2016 al 31 de Octubre del 2017. Dise?o y m?todos: Se realiz? un estudio Epidemiol?gico Observacional, Anal?tico de Casos y Controles de tipo retrospectivo; se obtuvo informaci?n de fuentes secundarias como las historias cl?nicas de los pacientes Hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de la Cl?nica Ibagu? en el periodo comprendido entre el 1 de Mayo de 2016 al 31 de Octubre del 2017. Resultados: Se identific? que la administraci?n de soluci?n salina en las primeras 24 horas de ingreso, increment? la oportunidad de insuficiencia renal aguda 1.8 veces con respecto a los pacientes que se les administr? lactato de ringer (OR=1,8 IC (95% OR: 1.2-2.8), as? mismo se observ? que la oportunidad de insuficiencia renal en los pacientes que ten?an entre 54.1 y 62.1 a?os fue de 2.5 veces con respecto a aquellos pacientes que ten?an entre 62.2 y 93 a?os (OR=2.5 IC(95% OR 1.4-2.4). En los pacientes que ten?an como m?ximo 54 a?os, el riesgo de la insuficiencia renal se increment? 1.6 veces con respecto a los pacientes que ten?an entre 62.2 y 93 a?os y estas diferencias no fueron significativas (p=0.174). Conclusi?n: se puede concluir que al analizar mediante el modelo de regresi?n log?stica planteado, la administraci?n de soluci?n salina a los pacientes en las primeras 24 horas de ingreso increment? la oportunidad de insuficiencia renal aguda 1.8 veces con respecto a los que se les administr? lactato ringer (OR=1,8 IC (95% OR: 1.2-2.8), lo que indica que el lactato ringer es un factor protector en el desarrollo de la insuficiencia renal aguda en pacientes hospitalizados en unidad de cuidados intensivos Palabras clave: casos y controles, insuficiencia renal aguda, Lactato Ringer.Acute renal failure is a frequent complication in critical patients, being an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Objective: To establish the association between sociodemographic and clinical factors with acute renal failure in patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of the Ibagu? clinic in the period from May 1, 2016 to October 31, 2017. Design and methods: An observational, analytical, analytical study of cases and controls of a retrospective type was carried out; Information was obtained from secondary sources such as the medical records of the patients Hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of the Ibagu? Clinic in the period from May 1, 2016 to October 31, 2017. Results: It was identified that the administration of saline in the first 24 hours of admission, increased the chance of acute renal failure 1.8 times with respect to the patients who were administered ringer's lactate (OR = 1.8 IC (95% OR : 1.2-2.8), likewise it was observed that the chance of renal failure in patients who were between 54.1 and 62.1 years old was 2.5 times compared to those patients who were between 62.2 and 93 years old (OR = 2.5 CI (95% OR 1.4-2.4). In patients who were 54 years of age or older, the risk of renal failure increased 1.6 times with respect to patients who were between 62.2 and 93 years old and these differences were not significant (p = 0.174). Conclusion: it can be concluded that when analyzing using the logistic regression model proposed, the administration of saline to the patients in the first 24 hours of admission, increased the chance of acute renal failure 1.8 times compared to those administered ringer's lactate (OR = 1.8 CI (95% OR: 1.2-2.8), indicating that ringer lactate is a protective factor in the development of acute renal failure in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit Keywords: cases and controls, acute renal failure, ringer's lactat