On the integral solutions of the diophantine equation x4 + y4 = z3

This paper is concerned with the existence, types and the cardinality of the integral solutions for diophantine equation x4y4z3+ = where x , y and z are integers. The aim of this paper was to develop methods to be used in finding all solutions to this equation. Results of the study show the existence of infinitely many solutions to this type of diophantine equation in the ring of integers for both cases, x=y and x y. For the case when x=y, the form of solutions is given by (x,y,z)=(4n3,4n3,8n4), while for the case when x y, the form of solutions is given by (x,y,z)=(un3k-1,vn3k-1,n4k-1). The main result obtained is a formulation of a generalized method to find all the solutions for both types of diophantine equations

Disclosure practices of funded and non-funded religious non-profit organizations: A comparison

Social responsibility performs by religious nonprofit organizations (RNPOs) typically depend on the availability of various sources of funds available. The most basic sources of funds available are from donations, corporate giving and grants. The main objective of this study is to analyze the disclosure practices of funded and non-funded RNPOs. Through content analysis on the sample of 83 RNPOs annual returns for the year 2010, results of independent sample T-test indicated that funded RNPOs are more likely to disclose information. In addition, ANOVA findings confirmed the differences in the disclosure practices among funded organizations of government, private and non-funded RNPOs. The results of this study provide empirical evidence to the government and other resource providers in scrutinizing the decision to distribute their funds to these RNPOs

Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds in Nutrition Physiology

Many peptides released from animal or plant proteins in vitro or in vivo have therapeutic functions in humans beyond bioactivity and adequate nutrition. Different health effects have been attributed to foodborne peptides, including antimicrobial properties, blood pressure lowering (ACE inhibitor) effects, cholesterol lowering ability, antithrombotic and antioxidant activities, increased mineral absorption, immunomodulatory effects and opioid activities. For this reason, nutritional counseling practices deal with these issues. Specific protein fractions with therapeutic effects on body function and health are termed biological peptides and have been shown to have a direct positive effect on health. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) is a carboxy-dipeptidyl metallopeptidase associated with the renin angiotensin system that regulates the production of angiotensin II from vasoconstrictor angiotensin-II and peripheral blood pressure that catalyzes the inactivation of vasodilator bradykinin. For this reason, the ACE inhibitor substance in the diet may inhibit hypertension by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. Milk proteins are now the main source of bioactive peptides. Such peptides are seen as natural and non-effective alternatives to drugs in the treatment of hypertension. The natural consumption of biological peptides will not be expected to cause side effects of synthetically produced drugs used to control hypertension. Therefore, it can be used as a powerful functional food additive and the ACE inhibitor is a natural and healthy alternative to drugs

Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds in Nutrition Physiology

Many peptides released from animal or plant proteins in vitro or in vivo have therapeutic functions in humans beyond bioactivity and adequate nutrition. Different health effects have been attributed to foodborne peptides, including antimicrobial properties, blood pressure lowering (ACE inhibitor) effects, cholesterol lowering ability, antithrombotic and antioxidant activities, increased mineral absorption, immunomodulatory effects and opioid activities. For this reason, nutritional counseling practices deal with these issues. Specific protein fractions with therapeutic effects on body function and health are termed biological peptides and have been shown to have a direct positive effect on health. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) is a carboxy-dipeptidyl metallopeptidase associated with the renin angiotensin system that regulates the production of angiotensin II from vasoconstrictor angiotensin-II and peripheral blood pressure that catalyzes the inactivation of vasodilator bradykinin. For this reason, the ACE inhibitor substance in the diet may inhibit hypertension by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. Milk proteins are now the main source of bioactive peptides. Such peptides are seen as natural and non-effective alternatives to drugs in the treatment of hypertension. The natural consumption of biological peptides will not be expected to cause side effects of synthetically produced drugs used to control hypertension. Therefore, it can be used as a powerful functional food additive and the ACE inhibitor is a natural and healthy alternative to drugs

Modelling multiscale aspects of colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is responsible for nearly half a million deaths annually world-wide [11]. We present a series of mathematical models describing the dynamics of the intestinal epithelium and the kinetics of the molecular pathway most commonly mutated in CRC, the Wnt signalling network. We also discuss how we are coupling such models to build a multiscale model of normal and aberrant guts. This will enable us to combine disparate experimental and clinical data, to investigate interactions between phenomena taking place at different levels of organisation and, eventually, to test the efficacy of new drugs on the system as a whole

DEVELOPING A FRAMEWORK FOR SCRUTINIZING STRATEGIC GREEN ORIENTATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE WITH RELEVANCE TO THE SUSTAINABILITY OF TOURISM INDUSTRY

The purpose of this paper is to review the concept of sustainability, theoretical background and strategic green orientation (SGO) to develop an in-depth understands for the benefit of organizational performance (OP). Theoretical background outlines how triple bottom line and ecological modernization viewpoints relate with SGO and OP towards the sustainability to develop a research framework. The paper discloses a series of gaps in sustainability related theories and empirical research at business organizations and recommends a quantitative research approach and method for an empirical study on SGO of business organizations in tourism industry of Sri Lanka. Proposed study expects that new relationships could be discovered and theorized. This may address identified research gaps and would contribute to the body of knowledge. The findings of proposed research could be useful to future research initiatives on green business modeling for the sustainability in terms of triple bottom line: economic, environmental, and social performance.  Article visualizations

Spanning trees of 2-complexes from diagram groups over the construction of semigroup presentation of integers using lifting method

For any given semigroup presentation we may obtain the fundamental group. In this paper we will determine spanning trees for the 2-complexes of the fundamental groups obtained from the union of two semigroup presentations with finite different initial generators using lifting method. The spanning trees will be systematically selected by using lifting method according to the length of words. Also the general formula for all lifts of spanning trees and the number of edges in the spanning trees will be computed

Eccentric connectivity index of some chemical trees

Let G = (V, E) be a simple connected molecular graph. In such a simple molecular graph, vertices represent atoms and edges represent chemical bonds, we denoted the sets of vertices and edges by V(G) and E(G), respectively. If d(u, v) be the notation of distance between vertices u, v ε V(G) and is defined as the length of a shortest path connecting them. Then, the eccentricity connectivity index of a molecular graph G is defined as ζ(G) = Σ vεv(G) deg(v)ec(v), where deg(v) is degree of a vertex v ε V(G), and is defined as the number of adjacent vertices with v. ec(v) is eccentricity of a vertex v ε V(G), and is defined as the length of a maximal path connecting to another vertex of v. In this paper, we establish the general formulas for the eccentricity connectivity index of some classes of chemical trees

A Role for Proapoptotic BID in the DNA-Damage Response

SummaryThe BCL-2 family of apoptotic proteins encompasses key regulators proximal to irreversible cell damage. The BH3-only members of this family act as sentinels, interconnecting specific death signals to the core apoptotic pathway. Our previous data demonstrated a role for BH3-only BID in maintaining myeloid homeostasis and suppressing leukemogenesis. In the absence of Bid, mice accumulate chromosomal aberrations and develop a fatal myeloproliferative disorder resembling chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Here, we describe a role for BID in preserving genomic integrity that places BID at an early point in the path to determine the fate of a cell. We show that BID plays an unexpected role in the intra-S phase checkpoint downstream of DNA damage distinct from its proapoptotic function. We further demonstrate that this role is mediated through BID phosphorylation by the DNA-damage kinase ATM. These results establish a link between proapoptotic Bid and the DNA-damage response

New construction of wavelets base on floor function.

In this paper, the properties of the floor function has been used to find a function which is one on the interval [0, 1) and is zero elsewhere. The suitable dilation and translation parameters lead us to get similar function corresponding to the interval [a,b)[a,b). These functions and their combinations enable us to represent the stepwise functions as a function of floor function. We have applied this method on Haar wavelet, Sine–Cosine wavelet, Block-Pulse functions and Hybrid Fourier Block-Pulse functions to get the new representations of these functions