um estudo de caso em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais

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SARS-CoV-2 introductions and early dynamics of the epidemic in Portugal

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal was rapidly implemented by the National Institute of Health in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic, in collaboration with more than 50 laboratories distributed nationwide. Methods By applying recent phylodynamic models that allow integration of individual-based travel history, we reconstructed and characterized the spatio-temporal dynamics of SARSCoV-2 introductions and early dissemination in Portugal. Results We detected at least 277 independent SARS-CoV-2 introductions, mostly from European countries (namely the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, and Switzerland), which were consistent with the countries with the highest connectivity with Portugal. Although most introductions were estimated to have occurred during early March 2020, it is likely that SARS-CoV-2 was silently circulating in Portugal throughout February, before the first cases were confirmed. Conclusions Here we conclude that the earlier implementation of measures could have minimized the number of introductions and subsequent virus expansion in Portugal. This study lays the foundation for genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal, and highlights the need for systematic and geographically-representative genomic surveillance.We gratefully acknowledge to Sara Hill and Nuno Faria (University of Oxford) and Joshua Quick and Nick Loman (University of Birmingham) for kindly providing us with the initial sets of Artic Network primers for NGS; Rafael Mamede (MRamirez team, IMM, Lisbon) for developing and sharing a bioinformatics script for sequence curation (https://github.com/rfm-targa/BioinfUtils); Philippe Lemey (KU Leuven) for providing guidance on the implementation of the phylodynamic models; Joshua L. Cherry (National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health) for providing guidance with the subsampling strategies; and all authors, originating and submitting laboratories who have contributed genome data on GISAID (https://www.gisaid.org/) on which part of this research is based. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the view of the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the United States government. This study is co-funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Agência de Investigação Clínica e Inovação Biomédica (234_596874175) on behalf of the Research 4 COVID-19 call. Some infrastructural resources used in this study come from the GenomePT project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022184), supported by COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), Lisboa Portugal Regional Operational Programme (Lisboa2020), Algarve Portugal Regional Operational Programme (CRESC Algarve2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characterisation and electrochemical behaviour of electrodeposited Cu-Fe foams applied as pseudocapacitor electrodes

Copper iron (Cu-Fe) 3D porous foams for supercapacitor electrodes were electrodeposited in the cathodic regime, on stainless steel current collectors, using hydrogen bubbling dynamic template. The foams were prepared at different current densities and deposition times. The foams were submitted to thermal conditioning at temperatures of 150 and 250 degrees C. The morphology, composition and structure of the formed films were studied by SEM, EDS and XRD, respectively. The electrochemical behaviour was studied by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and chronopotentiometry. The morphology of the 3D Cu-Fe foams is sensitive to the electrodeposition current and time. The increase of the current density produces a denser, larger and more ramified dendritic structure. Thermal conditioning at high temperature induces a coarser grain structure and the formation of copper oxides, which affect the electrochemical behaviour. The electrochemical response reveals the presence of various redox peaks assigned to the oxidation and reduction of Cu and Fe oxides and hydroxides in the foams. The specific capacitance of the 3D Cu Fe foams was significantly enhanced by thermal conditioning at 150 degrees C. The highest specific capacitance values attained 297 Fg(-1) which are much above the ones typically observed for single Cu or Fe Oxides and hydroxides. These values highlight a synergistic behaviour resulting from the combination of Cu and Fe in the form of nanostructured metallic foams. Moreover, the capacitance retention observed in an 8000 charge/discharge cycling test was above 66%, stating the good performance of these materials and its enhanced electrochemical response as supercapacitor negative electrodes. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Fabrication of electrochemically reduced graphene oxide/cobalt oxide composite for charge storage electrodes

Electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (Er-GO) and cobalt oxides (CoOx) were co-electrodeposited by cyclic voltammetry, from an electrolyte containing graphene oxide and cobalt nitrate, directly onto a stainless steel substrate to produce composite electrodes presenting high charge storage capacity. The electrochemical response of the composite films was optimized by studying the parameters applied during the electrodeposition process, namely the number of cycles, scan rate and ratio between GO/Co(NO3)(2) concentrations in the electrolyte. It is shown that, if the appropriate conditions are selected, it is possible to produced binder-free composite electrodes with improved electrochemical properties using a low-cost, facile and scalable technique. The optimized Er-GO/CoOx developed in this work exhibits a specific capacitance of 608 F g(-1) at a current density of 1 A g(-1) and increased reversibility when compared to single CoOx. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

A percepção de escolares sobre o Programa Saúde na Escola avaliada por desenhos e narrativas: um estudo de caso em Belo Horizonte

The School Health Program is an intersectoral policy and results from work between the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education to expand health actions to public school students. Participating schools must include in the school pedagogical political project the themes of health activities developed in the Program, to meet the expectations of teachers and students. The topics are approached must facilitate learning and must be adapted to the student's development stages. Qualitative study carried out in 2016, with the objective of investigating the perceptions of students in relation to the activities developed by the School Health Program in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Data collection was performed using a drawing accompanied by an oral narrative, with participants aged between six and ten years. It was possible to demonstrate that students were able to receive information and understand it, to the point of being able to reproduce it.O Programa Saúde na Escola é uma política intersetorial, resultado do trabalho entre o Ministério da Saúde e o Ministério da Educação, cuja finalidade é ampliar as ações de saúde aos escolares da rede pública. As escolas participantes devem incluir no projeto político pedagógico escolar os temas das atividades em saúde desenvolvidas no Programa, de modo a atender às expectativas dos professores e escolares. Os temas são abordados para facilitar o aprendizado e devem ser adequados às fases do desenvolvimento do escolar. Estudo qualitativo, realizado em 2016, com o objetivo de investigar as percepções dos escolares em relação às atividades desenvolvidas pelo Programa Saúde na Escola em Belo Horizonte, Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada utilizado desenho acompanhado de narrativa oral, com participantes na faixa etária de seis a dez anos. Foi possível demonstrar que os escolares puderam receber informações e compreendê-las, a ponto de poder reproduzi-las.El Programa Salud en la Escuela es una política intersectorial, resultado del trabajo entre el Ministerio de Salud y el Ministerio de Educación, cuyo propósito es ampliar las acciones de salud a los estudiantes de escuelas públicas. Las escuelas participantes deben incluir en su proyecto político pedagógico los temas de las actividades de salud desarrolladas en el Programa, para satisfacer las expectativas de docentes y estudiantes. Los temas san abordados para facilitar el aprendizaje y deben adaptarse a las fases del desarrollo del alumnos. Estudio cualitativo, realizado en 2016, con el objetivo de investigar las percepciones de los estudiantes en relación a las actividades desarrolladas por el Programa Salud en la Escuela en Belo Horizonte, Brasil. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un dibujo acompañado de una narración oral, con participantes de entre seis y diez años. Se pudo demostrar que los estudiantes en sido capaces de recibir información y comprenderla, hasta el punto de poder reproducirla

Breast Cancer Presents with a Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndrome

Background: Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS) pose quite an uncommon neurological complication, affecting less than 1% of patients with breast cancer. Nearly one third of these patients lack detectable onconeural antibodies (ONAs), and improvement in neurologic deficits with concomitant cancer treatments is achieved in less than 30% of cases. Case Presentation: A 42-year-old, premenopausal woman presented with facial paralysis on the central left side accompanied by a left tongue deviation, an upward vertical nystagmus, moderate spastic paraparesis, dystonic posturing of the left foot, lower limb hyperreflexia and bilateral extensor plantar reflex. After ruling out all other potential neurologic causes, PNS was suspected but no ONAs were found. A PET-CT scan detected increased metabolism in the right breast, as well as an ipsilateral thoracic interpectoral adenopathy. Core biopsy confirmed the presence of an infiltrating duct carcinoma. After breast surgery, the neurologic symptoms disappeared. One week later, the patient was readmitted to the hospital with a bilateral fatigable eyelid ptosis, and two weeks later, there was a noticeable improvement in eyelid ptosis, accompanied by a rapid and progressive development of lower spastic paraparesis. She started adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy with marked clinical and neurological improvement, and by the end of radiotherapy, there were no signs of neurologic impairment. Conclusion: This case study highlights the importance of a high level of vigilance for the detection of PNS, even when ONAs are not detected, as the rapid identification and treatment of the underlying tumor offers the best chance for a full recovery