13 research outputs found
Funeral Meal and Anthropophagy in GumelniĆŁa Chalcolithic Civilization in the North-western Black Sea area
The Gumelnitsa chalcolithic civilization appeared at the beginning of V millennium BC in border of Black Sea between the Danube and the Dniepr, is known for the wealth of its domestic religious figurines. It is also characterized by a dispersal of numerous human, split up rests, with tracks of cuts, harvested as well in the domestic pits as between houses. The hypothesis of anthropophagic practices is the explanation most frequently reserved, but it missed proofs and especially a meaning. The discovery in 1999 of a parietal bone in a domestic pit in Bolgrad archaeological site, situated on the border of Yaplug lake in Ukraine, allows to confirm the hypothesis. Tracks of preparation with the usage of an awl, allow reconstituting the first stages of the rite, that of an anthropophagic funeral meal probably organized around the members of a family. The anatomical knowledge revealed by tracks also allows envisaging the existence of a social caste characterized by a double function of therapist and priest in relation with magic-religious practices
DĂ©termination de provenance dâune sĂ©lection dâobsidiennes du palais minoen de Malia (CrĂšte)
Les fouilles archĂ©ologiques du palais de Malia ont livrĂ© une importante collection dâobsidiennes taillĂ©es dans les niveaux Minoen Ancien II Ă Minoen Moyen II. Quelques-unes de ces piĂšces se distinguent par leur apparence visuelle, des obsidiennes issues des sources Ă©gĂ©ennes de MĂ©los et Gyali. Afin de dĂ©terminer prĂ©cisĂ©ment la provenance de ces matĂ©riaux, des analyses non destructives par particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es sur une sĂ©lection de 31 piĂšces. Comme pressenti, les sources sont surtout Ă©gĂ©ennes pour la grande majoritĂ© des piĂšces (25) attribuĂ©e aux sources de MĂ©los (Sta Nychia : 21 ; Demenegaki : 4) et une piĂšce qui correspond Ă lâĂźle de Gyali. LâoriginalitĂ© rĂ©side dans lâidentification au Minoen Ancien II de Malia de cinq artefacts en provenance de Cappadoce, avec quatre Ă©chantillons du GöllĂŒ DaÄ et pour la premiĂšre fois dans le domaine Ă©gĂ©en, dâune obsidienne du volcan Nenezi DaÄ.Excavation of Malia Palace (Crete) had delivered a large collection of obsidian artefacts from Ancient Minoan II to Middle Minoan II levels. Among these artefacts, some present visual macroscopic characteristics distinct from Aegean raw materials from Melos and Gyali islands. To determine the provenance of these obsidians, non-destructive analysis by particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) were realised from a sampling of 31 artefacts. As suspected, the sources recognised are mainly Aegean, with the larger part (25 artefacts) identifiable to Melos sources (Sta Nychia: 21; Demenegaki: 4) and one piece to the Gyali island. The originality lies in the identification at Malia for the Ancient Minoan II levels of five artefacts attributed to Cappadocian sources, with four pieces coming from the GöllĂŒ DaÄ volcanic complex and for the first time in the Aegean area, of one obsidian artefact ascribed to the Nenezi DaÄ volcano.</p
Neolithisation in Mongolia: the Mesolithic-Neolithic site of Tamsagbulag (Dornod district)
The article outlines the first results of the French Archaeological Mission to Mongolia centered on the Neolithic. The topics discussed include general aspects of the initial Neolithisation in Eurasia, and the use of state-of-the art archaeological techniques in studies of Prehistory, with special reference to the Mesolithic/Neolithic interface, as exemplified by a survey and excavations in the area of Tamsagbulag site (Eastern Mongolia, aimak/district of Dornod) originally investigated by a Soviet-Mongolian mission directed by Professor A. P. Okladnikov, a renowned Russian archaeologist.V Älanku oriĆĄemo prve rezultate francoske arheoloĆĄke misije v Mongolijo, ki se je osredotoÄila na neolitik. Obravnavamo sploĆĄne vidike zaÄetne neolitizacije v Evraziji in uporabo najboljĆĄih arheoloĆĄkih tehnik pri raziskavah prazgodovine, posebno v zvezi z razmejitvijo mezolitika in neolitika. To ponazorimo s terenskim pregledom in izkopavanji na obmoÄju najdiĆĄÄa Tamsagbulag (vzhodna Mongolia, aimak/okroĆŸje Dornod), ki ga je prvotno raziskala rusko-mongolska odprava pod vodstvom profesorja A. P. Okladnikova, slovitega ruskega arheologa
Réflexions sur le boycottage en droit international, par St. P. SéfériadÚs,...
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Ă propos des obsidiennes du palais de Malia
International audienceThis article treats the obsidians found during recent excavations of the pre-and proto-palatial levels within the palace of Malia or in the immediate proximity. The material has been examined from different angles, beginning with the knapping technique. Several workshops have been identified. Eight types of nucleus have been distinguished, as well as diverse tools used for the knapping. These pieces date primarily to Early Minoan IIA-IIB and attest the existence of a developped industry from this period on. Parallel, element analyses by Particle Induced X-ray Emission have been undertaken to determine the provenience. As expected for the region, the majority of pieces come from Aegean sources on Melos. The five remaining artefacts are attributed on the basis of their geochemical signature to Anatolian sources in Cappadocia. This identification contributes to the documentation of regional distribution networks from Early Minoan II on and underline the interest of targeted analyses of selected obsidian artefacts in this region with the purpose of studying non-Aegean provenances.Cet article porte sur les obsidiennes trouvĂ©es au cours des fouilles rĂ©centes menĂ©es dans les niveaux prĂ©-et protopalatiaux, Ă lâintĂ©rieur du palais de Malia ou Ă proximitĂ© immĂ©diate. Ce matĂ©riel a Ă©tĂ© examinĂ© sous diffĂ©rents angles, et tout dâabord du point de vue de la technique de taille. Plusieurs ateliers ont Ă©tĂ© reconnus. Huit types de nuclĂ©i ont Ă©tĂ© distinguĂ©s, ainsi que divers outils utilisĂ©s pour la taille. Ces piĂšces sont Ă dater pour la plupart du MA IIA-IIB et tĂ©moignent de lâexistence dâune industrie dĂ©veloppĂ©e dĂšs cette Ă©poque. ParallĂšlement, des analyses Ă©lĂ©mentaires par Particle Induced X-ray Emission ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es pour en dĂ©terminer la provenance. Comme attendu dans cette rĂ©gion, lâessentiel des piĂšces provient des sources Ă©gĂ©ennes de MĂ©los et Gyali. Les cinq artefacts restants sont attribuĂ©s par leur signature gĂ©ochimique Ă des sources anatoliennes de Cappadoce. Cette identification contribue Ă la documentation des rĂ©seaux de diffusion rĂ©gionaux dĂšs le MA II et souligne lâintĂ©rĂȘt dâanalyses ciblĂ©es de certains artefacts dâobsidienne dans cette rĂ©gion pour rechercher des provenances non-Ă©gĂ©ennes
DĂ©termination de provenance dâune sĂ©lection dâobsidiennes du palais minoen de Malia (CrĂšte)
International audienceExcavation of Malia Palace (Crete) had delivered a large collection of obsidian artefacts from Ancient Minoan II to Middle Minoan II levels. Among these artefacts, some present visual macroscopic characteristics distinct from Aegean raw materials from Melos and Gyali islands. To determine the provenance of these obsidians, non-destructive analysis by particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) were realised from a sampling of 31 artefacts. As suspected, the sources recognised are mainly Aegean, with the larger part (25 artefacts) identifiable to Melos sources (Sta Nychia: 21; Demenegaki: 4) and one piece to the Gyali island. The originality lies in the identification at Malia for the Ancient Minoan II levels of five artefacts attributed to Cappadocian sources, with four pieces coming from the GöllĂŒ DaÄ volcanic complex and for the first time in the Aegean area, of one obsidian artefact ascribed to the Nenezi DaÄ volcano.Les fouilles archĂ©ologiques du palais de Malia ont livrĂ© une importante collection dâobsidiennes taillĂ©es dans les niveaux Minoen Ancien II Ă Minoen Moyen II. Quelques-unes de ces piĂšces se distinguent par leur apparence visuelle, des obsidiennes issues des sources Ă©gĂ©ennes de MĂ©los et Gyali. Afin de dĂ©terminer prĂ©cisĂ©ment la provenance de ces matĂ©riaux, des analyses non destructives par particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es sur une sĂ©lection de 31 piĂšces. Comme pressenti, les sources sont surtout Ă©gĂ©ennes pour la grande majoritĂ© des piĂšces (25) attribuĂ©e aux sources de MĂ©los (Sta Nychia : 21 ; Demenegaki : 4) et une piĂšce qui correspond Ă lâĂźle de Gyali. LâoriginalitĂ© rĂ©side dans lâidentification au Minoen Ancien II de Malia de cinq artefacts en provenance de Cappadoce, avec quatre Ă©chantillons du GöllĂŒ DaÄ et pour la premiĂšre fois dans le domaine Ă©gĂ©en, dâune obsidienne du volcan Nenezi DaÄ