Does the effect of feedback modulate the coach's perception of competition?

[ES] El objetivo fue analizar el efecto de diferentes tipos de feedback sobre variables psicológicas y de rendimiento en función de la percepción del deportista de la competencia del entrenador. Se realizó un estudio de caso con 33 futbolistas asignados aleatoriamente a tres condiciones experimentales (feedback positivo, negativo y ausencia de feedback). Se midieron velocidad y precisión de lanzamientos a portería, valoración de competencia, competencia percibida, motivación autónoma y vitalidad subjetiva. Se empleó un nivel α de 0,05 para los análisis. El grupo feedback positivo exhibió niveles más altos de valoración de competencia, competencia percibida, motivación autónoma y bienestar, que los de feedback negativo y ausencia de feedback, en sujetos con alta percepción de competencia del entrenador. Este efecto no se observó en aquellos con baja percepción de competencia del entrenador. La percepción del jugador sobre la competencia del entrenador podría ser un factor en la modulación de las diferencias generadas en cuanto al tipo de feedback.[EN] The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect that different types of feedback had on psychological and performance variables as a function of an athlete´s perception of his/her coach´s competence. A case study was conducted with 33 soccer players randomly assigned to three experimental conditions (positive and negative feedback and no feedback). Shot speed and accuracy, competence valuation, perceived competence, autonomous motivation and subjective vitality were measured. An α-level of .05 was employed for all the analyses. Positive feedback group exhibited higher levels of competence valuation, perceived competence of the player, autonomous motivation, and well-being than the negative and neutral feedback groups only in those subjects who had a high perception of the coach's competence. This effect was not observed in those with a low perception of coach competence. In this respect, the players’ perception of coach’s competence could be a factor in modulating the differences generated with regard to the type of feedback received.S

i-Rheo: determining the linear viscoelastic moduli of colloidal dispersions from step-stress measurements

We report on the application of a Fourier transform based method, `i-Rheo', to evaluate the linear viscoelastic moduli of hard-sphere colloidal dispersions, both in the fluid and glass states, from a direct analysis of raw step-stress (creep) experimental data. We corroborate the efficacy of i-Rheo by comparing the outputs of creep tests performed on homogenous complex fluids to conventional dynamic frequency sweeps. A similar approach is adopted for a number of colloidal suspensions over a broad range of volume fractions. For these systems, we test the limits of the method by varying the applied stress across the materials' linear and non-linear viscoelastic regimes, and we show that the best results are achieved for stress values close to the upper limit of the materials' linear viscoelastic regime; where the signal-to-noise ratio is at its highest and the non-linear phenomena have not appeared yet. We record that, the range of accessible frequencies is controlled at the higher end by the relative weight between the inertia of the instrument and the elasticity of the complex material under investigation; whereas, the lowest accessible frequency is dictated by the extent of the materials' linear viscoelastic regime. Nonetheless, despite these constrains, we confirm the effectiveness of i-Rheo for gaining valuable information on the materials' linear viscoelastic properties even from creep ringing data, confirming its potency and general validity as an accurate method for determining the material's rheological behaviour for a variety of complex systems

Discriminación experimental de los rasgos técnicos en la talla bipolar y a mano alzada en lascas a través los cuarzos de Naibor Soit (Garganta de Olduvai, Tanzania)

La identificación de la talla bipolar puede ser controvertida debido fundamentalmente a la naturaleza petrográfica del cuarzo y a su fracturación heterogénea. Este trabajo pretende superar este problema mediante el desarrollo de un marco explicativo experimental destinado al reconocimiento de los rasgos diagnósticos en las lascas producidas por ambos métodos de talla en la reducción del cuarzo de Naibor Soit (Garganta de Olduvai, Tanzania). El objetivo final de este trabajo es el de utilizar un conjunto de variables relacionadas con la respuesta de esta materia prima a la fractura a mano alzada y bipolar en dos experimentos destinados a individualizar estadísticamente los rasgos técnicos diagnósticos que mejor identifican a la talla bipolar en este tipo de materia prima

Influence of track modelling in modal parameters of railway bridges composed by single-track adjacent decks

[EN] A significant number of railway bridges composed by simply-supported (SS) spans are present in existing railway lines. Special attention must be paid to short to medium span length structures, as they are prone to experience high vertical acceleration levels at the deck, due to their low weight and damping, compromising the travelling comfort and the structural integrity. The accurate prediction of the dynamic response of these bridges is a complex issue since it is affected by uncertain factors such as structural damping and complex interaction mechanisms such as vehicle-bridge, soil-structure or track-bridge interaction. Concerning track-bridge interaction, experimental evidences of a dynamic coupling exerted by the ballasted track between subsequent SS spans and also between structurally independent single-track twin adjacent decks have been reported in the literature [1, 2]. Nevertheless, this phenomenon is frequently disregarded due to the computational cost of models including the track and due to the uncertainties in the mechanical parameters that define the track system. The present work contributes to the study of the coupling effect exerted by the ballasted track between independent structures in railway bridges. With this purpose two 3D finite element (FE) track-bridge interaction models are implemented. The former includes a continuous representation of the track components meshing the sleepers, ballast and sub-ballast with solid FE. In the latter, the track is represented as a 2D discrete three-layer model where the mass, stiffness and damping of the components are concentrated at the sleepers locations. The numerical models are updated with experimental measurements performed on an existing railway bridge in a view to evaluate (i) the influence of the track continuity on the bridge modal parameters and on the train-induced vibrations; (ii) the adequacy of the implemented numerical models and (iii) the importance of the track-bridge interaction for an accurate prediction of the vertical acceleration levels under operating conditions.The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under research project PID2019-109622RB; FEDER Andalucía 2014-2020 Operational Program for project US-126491; Generalitat Valenciana and Universitat Jaume I under research projects AICO2019/175 and UJI/A2008/06; and the Andalusian Scientific Computing Centre (CICA).Sánchez Quesada, J.; Moliner, E.; Romero, A.; Galvín, P.; Martínez-Rodrigo, M. (2022). Influence of track modelling in modal parameters of railway bridges composed by single-track adjacent decks. En Proceedings of the YIC 2021 - VI ECCOMAS Young Investigators Conference. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 278-287. https://doi.org/10.4995/YIC2021.2021.12283OCS27828

Effect of aggregate type on the fatigue durability of asphalt mixtures

The effect of aggregate type on the fatigue behaviour of asphalt mixtures is an important variable for ensuring greater durability of pavements over time. This study presents the main results of an assessment of the effect of the physical properties of different aggregates on the fatigue behaviour of asphalt mixtures. Two fatigue tests were used for this study, one standardized and another developed recently which evaluates dissipated energy during the cracking of asphalt mixtures (EBADE® test). Three types of aggregates were used and adjusted to a semi-dense aggregate gradation: two of fluvial type (AF1 and AF2) and one from a quarry (AC). Two different shredding processes were used to obtain the aggregates. The results obtained show that there is a strong relationship between the shape and texture of the fine aggregates and the fatigue behaviour of the mixtures. It was also showed that the greater the thickness of the mixture in the pavement structure, the more influence these properties have. Likewise, the shape and texture of the fine aggregate influence the ability of asphalt mixtures to dissipate energy during fatigue damage.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Complejo Arquitectónico Cerro Mercachas: arquitectura y ritualidad incaica en Chile central

In this paper we discuss Inca occupation in the central zone of Chile, through the study of the biggest imperial site so far known in the area: the architectonical complex of Cerro Mercachas. An intra-site analysis was able to identify a linear and tripartite spatial organization of the site. Together with the scarce material culture identified, we suggest a ritual function for this site, related to festivities surrounding Inca metropolitan calendar or, at least, the observation of the December solstice and the Cerro Aconcagua cult. The overall archaeological context suggests a sporadic use of the site and by a limited number of individuals. This implies an exclusive ritualism for a selected few. Seen at a regional level, the high visibility of the site integrates this exclusive ritualism into the daily landscape of local populations, thereby reproducing the strategies of social construction of space that Tawantinsuyu executes in other areas. This new spatial order creates difference and hierarchy with local ritual spaces, thereby materializing a strategy of integration and exclusion between Tawantinsuyu and local populations. With these results we discuss the administration model traditionally used to understand Inca occupation in Central Chile.Se discute la dinámica de la ocupación del Tawantinsuyu en la zona central de Chile a partir del estudio de la instalación más extensa ubicada en la zona: el Complejo Arquitectónico Cerro Mercachas. A partir de un análisis intra-sitio se reconoce una organización lineal y tripartita del asentamiento, lo que sumado al escaso registro de cultura material mueble llevan a proponerle una función ritual relacionada con las festividades del calendario metropolitano inca asociadas, al menos, a la observación del solsticio de diciembre y el culto al cerro Aconcagua. El contexto sugiere un uso esporádico y por pocos sujetos del sitio, implicando una ritualidad exclusiva para ciertos personajes. A una escala regional, la alta visibilidad del sitio hace que esta ritualidad se inserte en el paisaje cotidiano de las poblaciones locales, reproduciendo estrategias de construcción social del espacio que el Tawantinsuyu aplica en otras áreas. A través de ella se crea una diferencia y jerarquización con los otros espacios rituales locales, estableciendo una estrategia de integración y exclusión entre el Tawantinsuyu y las poblaciones locales. A partir de estos resultados, se discute el modelo administrativo tradicionalmente utilizado para entender la ocupación inca en la zona

La función de la auditoría interna en las cajas de ahorros españolas: The internal audit function in the saving banks

Nowadays, the internal audit function is critical in the corporate governance framework of financial institutions. Our research’s objective has to objectives. First, we try to describe the implementation level of Basle Committee’s recommendations in the Spanish saving banks before an important regulation over corporate governance has been issued in Spain (for instance, the figure of audit committee) through the Financial Law. Second, we assess the differences between entities considering their dimmension. We have carried out a survey to saving banks, obtaining a response from 42 out of 47 entities.Our results show the situation of internal audit departments and confirm that, in a significative number of cases, entities’ dimmension affects the level of implementation of the Basel Committee’s standards.Hoy día la función de auditoría interna es clave en el esquema de gobierno corporativo de las entidades financieras. Esta investigación tiene dos objetivos. En primer lugar, pretendemos describir el grado de cumplimiento de las recomendaciones del Comité de Basilea por parte de las cajas de ahorros españolas en un momento anterior a la regulación de aspectos sustanciales del gobierno de estas entidades (como por ejemplo, la figura del comité de auditoría) por parte de la Ley Financiera. En segundo lugar, identificamos las diferencias existentes entre las entidades atendiendo a su dimensión.El método empleado ha sido una encuesta a las entidades, obteniéndose respuesta de 42 de las 47 entidades.Los resultados obtenidos presentan la situación de los departamentos de auditoría interna y confirman que, en un número significativo de aspectos, la dimensión de las entidades influye en el grado de implantación de los estándares emitidos por el Comité de Basilea

Functional specialization of different PI3K isoforms for the control of neuronal architecture, synaptic plasticity, and cognition

Neuronal connectivity and activity-dependent synaptic plasticity are fundamental properties that support brain function and cognitive performance. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) intracellular signaling controls multiple mechanisms mediating neuronal growth, synaptic structure, and plasticity. However, it is still unclear how these pleiotropic functions are integrated at molecular and cellular levels. To address this issue, we used neuron-specific virally delivered Cre expression to delete either p110α or p110β (the two major catalytic isoforms of type I PI3K) from the hippocampus of adult mice. We found that dendritic and postsynaptic structures are almost exclusively supported by p110α activity, whereas p110β controls neurotransmitter release and metabotropic glutamate receptor–dependent long-term depression at the presynaptic terminal. In addition to these separate functions, p110α and p110β jointly contribute to N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor–dependent postsynaptic long-term potentiation. This molecular and functional specialization is reflected in different proteomes controlled by each isoform and in distinct behavioral alterations for learning/memory and sociability in mice lacking p110α or p110β.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation grants SAF2017-86983-R and PID2020-117651RB (to J.A.E.), Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation grants SAF2017-89116R-P (FEDER/EU) and PID2020-116184RB (to M.G.), Carlos III Institute of Health-Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria grant PRB3 (IPT17/0019–ISCIII-SGEFI/ERDF, ProteoRed) and CIBERCV (to J.A.L.), Spanish Ministry of Economy postdoctoral contract IJCI-2015-25507 (to M.I.C.), Marie Curie cofund UAM-UE (EU project 713366) Intertalentum Postdoctoral Program (to V.B.), and Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation predoctoral contracts (to C.S.-C., A.F.-R., and S.L.-G.). The CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN), and the Pro CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (grant CEX2020-001041-S funded by MICIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)

Non-invasive Mechanism Classification and Localization in Supraventricular Cardiac Arrhythmias

[EN] In this study, we investigated the most relevant biomarkers for noninvasive classification and mechanism location in atrial tachycardia (AT), flutter (AFL) and fibrillation (AF). Biomarkers were calculated using noninvasive body surface (BSPM) dominant frequency and phase maps. We used 19 simulations of 567 to 64-lead BSPMs, from which were extracted 32 biomarkers. Biomarker ranking was performed with ANOVA, Kendall and Lasso techniques. The best four biomarkers were identified and used to classify the arrhythmias in all combinations, and the best two used for noninvasive driver localization. Arrhythmia classification accuracy was 94.74%. The feature combination which best distinguish AF from non-AF were mean filament displacement and mean OI, while those that best distinguish AFL from AT were mean and SD of SP distribution. There was good agreement across ranking techniques. Mechanism location accuracy was 78.95%, with the most important biomarkers being percentage SPs within each torso division, and SD of filament histogram cluster area. This study highlights that organization related features well identifies AF and spatial SP distribution discriminate AT from AFL and also it¿s localization.VGM is funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 860974. IS, JAS and JS are supported by grant #2018/25606-2, Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP).Sandoval, I.; Marques, VG.; Sims, JA.; Rodrigo, M.; Guillem Sánchez, MS.; Salinet, J. (2021). Non-invasive Mechanism Classification and Localization in Supraventricular Cardiac Arrhythmias. 1-4. https://doi.org/10.22489/CinC.2021.2261