El conocimiento acerca de las matemáticas y las prácticas de enseñanza

The individual and contextual influences that two periods of school experience have over the way in which two prospective teachers build their personal view of Mathematics and its teaching are studied. In particular, the important role played by the perceived knowledge of the subject matter knowledge is shown. Also, the strategies used in trying to give coherence and meaning to the experimented changes are discussed

Influence of bird faeces in the behaviour of the root rot of Quercus suber caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi at Doñana Biological Reserve (SW Spain)

2 pages, 1 reference. Presentado a The Sixth Meeting of the IUFRO Working Party 7‐02‐09, celebrado en Córdoba (España) del 9-14 de septiembre de 2012. Enlazamos con http://hdl.handle.net/10261/57038; http://hdl.handle.net/10261/57047Centennial cork oaks are considered keystone structures in the ecosystem of the stabilised sands of the Doñana Biological Reserve. These remnant big trees are currently threatened by nesting of colonial waterbirds, whose debris induced deep soil chemical changes.Peer reviewe

Estudio relacional de la práctica deportiva en escolares según el género

Insomuch as physical activity has taken a center stage as a way to prevent sedentary lifestyles, it is essential to know what are the sports which are played by schoolchildren outside schools. Therefore, this descriptive and cross-sectional research, conducted on a sample of 818 schoolchildren, has as a main objective to establish sport habits according to gender, which has acted as a moderating factor throughout history. The results showed that female schoolchildren practiced mainly individual sports and as a leisurely activity while men preferred collective and federated sports. Moreover, the level of sport practice determined that male students practiced more sports than female students, so in a greater number of weekly days and longer sessions. Therefore, this research demonstrates that the sport, which is played by children, depends on gender, as well as the necessity of matching this practice avoiding stereotypes and sedentary lifestyles.Dado que la actividad física ha tomado protagonismo como medio para evitar estilos de vida sedentarios, resulta imprescindible conocer cuáles son los deportes practicados por los escolares fuera del horario escolar. Este estudio de carácter descriptivo y de corte transversal, realizado sobre 818 escolares, tiene como objetivo principal establecer hábitos de práctica deportiva en función del género, el cual ha actuado como factor modulador a lo largo de la historia. Los resultados determinaron que los escolares de género femenino practicaban principalmente deportes individuales y a modo de hobby, mientras que los varones lo hacían de forma colectica y federada. Asimismo, el nivel de práctica deportiva determinó que ellos practicaban más deportes que ellas, haciéndolo más días semanales y en sesiones de mayor duración. Como conclusión, se demuestran diferencias en el deporte practicado según el género, así como la necesidad de igualar esta práctica evitando estereotipos y estilos de vida sedentarios. 

Cork oak diseases at Doñana National Park (SW Spain)

5 páginas, 15 fotografías. Panel presentado al II Symposium The oak: Ecology, History, Management and Planning. Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turquía. 1-3 Junio, 2010. Abstract Book pp. 102-105.Since early 90’s, a severe decline of aged cork oak populations has been observed in the area called “La Vera” at Doñana National Park in southern Spain. At the current rate of mortality, cork oaks are predicted to be extincted in just a few decades. Oak decline seems to include various factors. One of the most evident causes of the decline is the pressure of a big colony of tree-nesting wading birds, as long as the large amounts of bird dejections could modify soil properties and the ecology of their mycoflora. On the other hand, it was confirmed that many of the oaks showing crown sintoms (mainly defoliation) are infected by at less one aggressive soilborne pathogen causing root rot. Probably, the modification of soil composition due to nesting birds has worsening the effect of fungal pathogens in their interaction with oak root systems.Work financed by the Spanish Ministry of Environment (Red Parques Nacionales). Project "El decaimiento del alcornocal de Doñana en un contexto de cambio global: una aproximación experimental" (DECALDO).Peer reviewe

Actions for novel teacher training: design and implementation of learning activities and resources on LMS support

El presente artículo describe el desarrollo de un Proyecto formativo para la implementación de actividades y recursos de aprendizaje en la plataforma UCO-Moodle por parte de profesorado novel, bajo tutela y coordinación de profesorado con experiencia previa contrastada. Se trata de un trabajo multidisciplinar donde las acciones se han ejecutado para ocho asignaturas de cuatro Áreas de conocimiento. El impacto de las innovaciones introducidas en varias asignaturas, afectó a más de 500 alumnos pertenecientes a seis títulos de grado de la Universidad de Córdoba. El trabajo realizado se completó con una evaluación de satisfacción por parte de los alumnos de los nuevos recursos de aprendizaje así como la autoevaluación del profesorado novel sobre la experiencia desarrollada.This article describes a project for the implementation of learning activities and resources in the UCO-Moodle platform by training teachers has been developed under the supervision and coordination of senior teaching staff with proven previous experience. It is a multidisciplinary work where the actions have been executed for eight different subjects in four Areas of knowledge. The impact of the learning activities introduced in different subjects was extended to more than 500 students belonging to six undergraduate degrees from the University of Cordoba. The experience has included an evaluation of students' satisfaction with the new learning resources as well as the self-assessment of the new teaching staff on the executed actions

Decline of relict centennial cork oaks in Doñana (SW Spain) and potential deleterious effect of tree-nesting colonial waterbirds

2 páginas, 8 fotografías, 3 gráficos. Panel presentado al II Symposium The oak: Ecology, History, Management and Planning. Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turquía. 1-3 Junio, 2010. Abstract Book pp. 109-110.Centennial cork oaks (Quercus suber L.) are spread in the sandy soils of Doñana (S. W. Spain). They are remnants from the formerly extended oak forests that were overexploited during the XVII-XX centuries. After the protection of the area as Biological Reserve forty years ago, all silvicultural practices such as cutting, pruning and cork extraction ceased. At the same time, seven species of wading birds began to nest on the centennial oaks located in the marsh edge, forming a big colony. We hypothesize that colonial nesting birds are contributing to the observed rapid oak decline.We are grateful to the Consejería de Medio Ambiente (Andalusian Goverment) and to the Organismo Autónomo de Parques Nacionales for the financial support (DECALDO 091/2009 project) and to the Doñana NationalPark and Doñana Biological Reserve managers for the facilities to carry out field work. Héctor Garrido, Eduardo Aguilera and Rubén Rodríguez, provided us valuable information about the wading bird colony. Doñana Monitoring Team members, and Eduardo Gutiérrez, Juan Cara, Paula Madejón and Vanessa Peiró helped us with field and/or laboratory analyses.Peer reviewe

Implementation of a multidisciplinary psychoeducational intervention for Parkinson's disease patients and carers in the community: study protocol

Background: Parkinson’s disease progressively limits patients at different levels and as a result family members play a key role in their care. However, studies show lack of an integrative approach in Primary Care to respond to the difficulties and psychosocial changes experienced by them. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of a multidisciplinary psychoeducational intervention focusing on improving coping skills, the psychosocial adjustment to Parkinson’s disease and the quality of life in patients and family carers in a Primary Care setting. Methods: This quasi-experimental study with control group and mixed methods was designed to evaluate a multidisciplinary psychoeducational intervention. Based on the study power calculations, 100 people with Parkinson’s disease and 100 family carers will be recruited and assigned to two groups. The intervention group will receive the ReNACE psychoeducational intervention. The control group will be given a general educational programme. The study will be carried out in six community-based health centres. The results obtained from the two groups will be collected for evaluation at three time points: at baseline, immediately after the intervention and at 6 months post-intervention. The results will be measured with these instruments: the Quality of Life Scale PDQ39 for patients and the Scale of Quality of Life of Care-givers SQLC for family carers, and for all participants the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness scale and the Brief COPE Inventory. Focus groups will be organised with some patients and family carers who will have received the ReNACE psychoeducational intervention and also with the healthcare professionals involved in its development. Discussion: An important gap exists in the knowledge and application of interventions with a psychosocial approach for people with PD and family carers as a whole. This study will promote this comprehensive approach in Primary Care, which will clearly contribute in the existing knowledge and could reduce the burden of PD for patients and family carers, and also in other long-term conditions

Uncontrolled donation programs after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. An estimation of potential donors.

Objective To determine the number of potential deceased organ donors from out-of- hospital cardiac arrest cases (OHCA) attended by public physician-led emergency medical services in Spain, based on data recorded in the nationwide Spanish OHCA Registry (OHSCAR). Material and methods We analysed OHSCAR data on deceased OHCA patients in Spain during 13 months (1/10/2013 to 31/10/ 2014). Variables included age, sex, estimated OHCA time, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) start time and outcome. Inclusion criteria were: age 16–60 years, witnessed OHCA, no return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and time interval <15 min between OHCA occurrence and CPR initiation. Results Of a total 8789 cases, 3290 met the age criteria; of these, CPR was not witnessed in 745 cases. Among the remaining 2545 patients, 141 were included in uncontrolled donation after cardiac death (uDCD) programs, 902 arrived at the hospital with ROSC, 64 arrived with ongoing CPR and 15 cases were lost to follow-up. Of the remaining 1423 without ROSC, CPR initiation time was not recorded in 454 cases and 398 did not meet the time criteria <15 min between OHCA and CPR initiation. Finally, 571 met all the criteria and could have been potential donors. There were significant differences in the actual donors percentage from potential donors percentage between provinces with and without donor programs (141/322 = 43.8% versus 0/390 = 0%), but there were no differences in ROSC between the two types of provinces (418/1320 = 31.7% versus 652/1970 = 33.4%). Conclusions Many potential donors are missed in current clinical practice. uDCD programs are few and underused even in a country with high rates of organs transplantation.pre-print820 K

RICORS2040 : The need for collaborative research in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent and poorly known killer. The current concept of CKD is relatively young and uptake by the public, physicians and health authorities is not widespread. Physicians still confuse CKD with chronic kidney insufficiency or failure. For the wider public and health authorities, CKD evokes kidney replacement therapy (KRT). In Spain, the prevalence of KRT is 0.13%. Thus health authorities may consider CKD a non-issue: very few persons eventually need KRT and, for those in whom kidneys fail, the problem is 'solved' by dialysis or kidney transplantation. However, KRT is the tip of the iceberg in the burden of CKD. The main burden of CKD is accelerated ageing and premature death. The cut-off points for kidney function and kidney damage indexes that define CKD also mark an increased risk for all-cause premature death. CKD is the most prevalent risk factor for lethal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the factor that most increases the risk of death in COVID-19, after old age. Men and women undergoing KRT still have an annual mortality that is 10- to 100-fold higher than similar-age peers, and life expectancy is shortened by ~40 years for young persons on dialysis and by 15 years for young persons with a functioning kidney graft. CKD is expected to become the fifth greatest global cause of death by 2040 and the second greatest cause of death in Spain before the end of the century, a time when one in four Spaniards will have CKD. However, by 2022, CKD will become the only top-15 global predicted cause of death that is not supported by a dedicated well-funded Centres for Biomedical Research (CIBER) network structure in Spain. Realizing the underestimation of the CKD burden of disease by health authorities, the Decade of the Kidney initiative for 2020-2030 was launched by the American Association of Kidney Patients and the European Kidney Health Alliance. Leading Spanish kidney researchers grouped in the kidney collaborative research network Red de Investigación Renal have now applied for the Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS) call for collaborative research in Spain with the support of the Spanish Society of Nephrology, Federación Nacional de Asociaciones para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades del Riñón and ONT: RICORS2040 aims to prevent the dire predictions for the global 2040 burden of CKD from becoming true

Dietary α‐Linolenic Acid, Marine ω‐3 Fatty Acids, and Mortality in a Population With High Fish Consumption: Findings From the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) Study

Background: Epidemiological evidence suggests a cardioprotective role of α‐linolenic acid (ALA), a plant‐derived ω‐3 fatty acid. It is unclear whether ALA is beneficial in a background of high marine ω‐3 fatty acids (long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) intake. In persons at high cardiovascular risk from Spain, a country in which fish consumption is customarily high, we investigated whether meeting the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids recommendation for dietary ALA (0.7% of total energy) at baseline was related to all‐cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. We also examined the effect of meeting the society's recommendation for long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (≥500 mg/day). Methods and Results: We longitudinally evaluated 7202 participants in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) trial. Multivariable‐adjusted Cox regression models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios. ALA intake correlated to walnut consumption (r=0.94). During a 5.9‐y follow‐up, 431 deaths occurred (104 cardiovascular disease, 55 coronary heart disease, 32 sudden cardiac death, 25 stroke). The hazard ratios for meeting ALA recommendation (n=1615, 22.4%) were 0.72 (95% CI 0.56–0.92) for all‐cause mortality and 0.95 (95% CI 0.58–1.57) for fatal cardiovascular disease. The hazard ratios for meeting the recommendation for long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n=5452, 75.7%) were 0.84 (95% CI 0.67–1.05) for all‐cause mortality, 0.61 (95% CI 0.39–0.96) for fatal cardiovascular disease, 0.54 (95% CI 0.29–0.99) for fatal coronary heart disease, and 0.49 (95% CI 0.22–1.01) for sudden cardiac death. The highest reduction in all‐cause mortality occurred in participants meeting both recommendations (hazard ratio 0.63 [95% CI 0.45–0.87]). Conclusions: In participants without prior cardiovascular disease and high fish consumption, dietary ALA, supplied mainly by walnuts and olive oil, relates inversely to all‐cause mortality, whereas protection from cardiac mortality is limited to fish‐derived long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.Controlled-trials.com/. Unique identifier: ISRCTN35739639