Evaluación del programa "Escuela y salud en la educación básica" implementando en escuelas primarias del municipio de Nezahualcoyotl, Estado de México

En los anexos se encuentran los formatos del consentimiento informado, entrevista guía de preguntas, guía observacional y entrevistasProblemática. La Obesidad en el mundo se extiende con rapidez entre los niños de edad escolar sobre todo en lugares donde se ha reducido la recreación y la actividad física. Se calcula que en el 2010 existen 42 millones de niños con Sobrepeso en el mundo, informo así que México se encontraba dentro de los primeros lugares en Obesidad ya no solo adulta, también infantil. Objetivo: Realizar una evaluación al programa “Escuela y Salud en la Educación Básica” que permita proponer actividades desde la perspectiva de la Licenciatura de Educación para la Salud que mejore el programa implementado en escuelas primarias del municipio de Nezahualcóyotl. Metodología. Se revisaron distintos documentos normativos emitidos a nivel nacional y estatal. Se visitó una escuela primaria donde se entrevistó al personal encargado de llevar la implementación del programa “Escuela y Salud en la Educación Básica”, así mismo se observó su cumplimiento por profesores y alumnos. Resultados. El personal que aplica no tiene la capacitación práctica ni metodológica para la aplicación del programa. En ningún grado se aplican las acciones contenidas en el programa ni se contempla en la planeación anual de actividades. Los alumnos no desarrollan las actividades programadas. Conclusiones. Debido a que las autoridades pertinentes no le brindan la atención necesaria a estos programas intersectoriales no se ejecutan debidamente y mucho menos llega a los objetivos planteados en su desarrollo; asimismo no se da seguimiento ni supervisión al programa

Bacterial community composition and diversity uncovered in experimental sludge treatment reed bed systems with different swine slurry hydraulic loadings

P. 175-184Nowadays swine slurry management is a very important environmental issue. Sludge treatment reed bed systems are sludge treatment systems based on constructed wetlands. The present study characterizes via 16S rRNA gene high-throughput the bacterial communities contained in untreated swine slurry and treated swine slurry by means of mesocosm-scale sludge treatment reed beds receiving different slurry loadings. The bacterial community composition varied between the treated and untreated slurry, with a notable slurry loading influence also observed. Richness, diversity and ordination measurements of the studied communities evidenced profound differences between the untreated and treated swine slurry bacterial communities; and only slight differences among the treated swine slurry communities. Interestingly, the slurry loading allowed to define two groups: mesocosm communities residing in the highest hydraulic slurry loadings and other mesocosm communities. The pH value emerged as an important community composition, diversity and ordination predictor. The functional bacterial community composition was predicted through the in silico approach. Results confirmed that the main nitrogen cycle metabolic pathways were present in the mesocosm communities with ammonification and assimilatory nitrate reduction as the most commonly detected nitrogen pathways in treated swine slurry.S

Multi‑length Scale Approach to Investigate Cleaning of Food‑Derived Deposits Adhered to Hard Surfaces: Mixtures of Starch, Whey Protein, and Lard

Fouling, the accumulation of undesirable material on manufacturing equipment surfaces, poses a pervasive challenge in industrial processes. In the food industry, the complex interactions among these compounds can give rise to stubborn deposits that deviate from conventional cleaning protocols. In this work, the forces and removal mechanisms of model fouling agents composed of mixtures of starch, whey protein, and lard deposited on solid surfaces of relevant industrial interest (i.e. stainless steel, aluminium, and PTFE) are investigated using a multi-length scale approach, involving milli-manipulation and a lab-simulated Clean-In-Place (CIP) system. The forces involved in the removal process, the types of failure observed when the deposits are subjected to shear stress (adhesive, mixed, or cohesive), and the performance of the CIP system are systematically analysed as a function of the cleaning treatments applied. For stainless steel surfaces, alkaline treatment seems to facilitate the cleaning of lard and starch deposits, while the whey foulant removal tends to be more effective using hot water under the conditions tested. Hot water is effective for stainless steel and PTFE surfaces, reducing the mechanical shear stress required, while the alkaline treatment demonstrated superior efficacy for aluminium surfaces. These findings emphasise the importance of customising cleaning protocols for CIP optimisation

Marine reserves help preserve genetic diversity after impacts derived from climate variability: Lessons from the pink abalone in Baja California

Genetic diversity is crucial for the adaptation of exploited species like the pink abalone (Haliotis corrugata), faced with threats from climate change, overfishing and impacts associated with aquaculture production. While marine reserves are commonly used to mitigate risks to marine populations, the duration, size, location and larval connectivity needed for a reserve to help conserve genetic resources is still poorly understood. Here, we examine the effects of fishing, reserves, and restocking on the genetic diversity of 10 populations from central Baja California, Mexico, and Southern California, USA. We demonstrate that each population shows characteristic genetic signatures according to recent management decisions. We found high allelic diversity, particularly rare alleles, a larger effective population size and a lack of a recent genetic bottleneck in pink abalones within a small (0.8 km2), recently established (5 years) reserve in Baja California, compared to other fished sites after a climatic bottleneck. Higher diversity may result from the presence of older animals in the reserve. Due to its location, the reserve may also act as an important hub connecting distant populations via larval dispersal. In contrast, a population from California showed genetic isolation, loss of allelic diversity and high relatedness, consistent with the collapse of fisheries in the 1990s and their lack of recovery thereafter. In addition, a fished area in Baja California with a history of restocking for over a decade showed an increase in frequency of related individuals and high genetic differentiation from nearby sites that were consistent with the production of larvae from a few adults in the laboratory. A network of strategically placed small marine reserves that considers ocean circulation patterns could help to maintain genetic diversity and connectivity of exploited populations

Evaluación de la violencia y deportividad en el deporte: un análisis bibliométrico

Este trabajo presenta un análisis bibliométrico de las publicaciones sobre los instrumentos de evaluación de la deportividad, la agresividad y la violencia en contextos deportivos profesionales y en edad escolar, durante el período 1996 a 2013. Los documentos fueron identificados en las bases de datos SportDiscus, PsycINFO, Psicodoc y Dialnet, así como en publicaciones e informes de federaciones e instituciones deportivas. Han sido 530 los documentos analizados, de los cuales 35 presentan instrumentos de evaluación. Los documentos obtenidos fueron clasificados en 5 categorías: método de evaluación, constructos evaluados, agentes sociales evaluados, período temporal y contexto deportivo. Los resultados muestran que la herramienta más utilizada ha sido el cuestionario (76.19%). En segundo lugar, los instrumentos analizados permiten evaluar variables psicológicas relacionadas con la deportividad (14.28%), con la no deportividad (28.57%) o con ambas (57.14%). En tercer lugar, tienden a centrarse en la evaluación del deportista (71.43%). En cuarto lugar, la mayoría permiten ser utilizados en un único momento temporal (85.71%). Finalmente, los instrumentos permiten ser utilizados tanto en ámbitos deportivos profesionales como en edad escolar (66.66%) o exclusivamente en edad escolar (33.33%). This study presents a bibliometric analysis of printed publications on evaluation tools in sportsmanship, aggresivity and violence in a professional sports context and at school age during 2013. Records from databases SportDiscus, PsycINFO, Psicodoc and Dialnet, as well as printed publications and reports from federations and sports institutions have been used. 530 documents have been analized, out of which 35 show evaluation tools. The obtained records were classifed into 5 catagories: methods of assessment, constructs and social actors assessed, seasonal period and sports context. The results show that the most used tool was the survey (76.19%). Secondly, the tools analized allowed the evaluation of psychological variables related to sportsmanship (14.28%), anti-sportsmanship (28.57%) and both (57.14%). Thirdly, nearly all the tools are centred on the assessment of the sportsman (71.43%). Fourthly, most of them are able to be used at any one single moment (85.71%). Finally, many of the tools allow evaluation in both the professional and school setting (66.66%) or entirely in the school setting (33.33%)

3D Printed Porous Polyamide Macrocapsule Combined with Alginate Microcapsules for Safer Cell-Based Therapies

Cell microencapsulation is an attractive strategy for cell-based therapies that allows the implantation of genetically engineered cells and the continuous delivery of de novo produced therapeutic products. However, the establishment of a way to retrieve the implanted encapsulated cells in case the treatment needs to be halted or when cells need to be renewed is still a big challenge. The combination of micro and macroencapsulation approaches could provide the requirements to achieve a proper immunoisolation, while maintaining the cells localized into the body. We present the development and characterization of a porous implantable macrocapsule device for the loading of microencapsulated cells. The device was fabricated in polyamide by selective laser sintering (SLS), with controlled porosity defined by the design and the sintering conditions. Two types of microencapsulated cells were tested in order to evaluate the suitability of this device; erythropoietin (EPO) producing C2C12 myoblasts and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) producing BHK fibroblasts. Results showed that, even if the metabolic activity of these cells decreased over time, the levels of therapeutic protein that were produced and, importantly, released to the media were stable.This work was done under the BIOPAN project (CIBER-BBN). Authors wish to thank the intellectual and technical assistance from the ICTS "NANBIOSIS", more specifically by the Drug Formulation Unit (U10) and the Micro-Nano Technology Unit (U8) of the CIBER in Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine (CIBERBBN). Also, they thank the support to research on cell microencapsulation from the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU (EHUA 16/06) and the Basque Country Government (Grupos Consolidados, No ref: IT907-16). The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) (Spain) through Ramon y Cajal program (RYC-2013-14479). This work has made use of the Spanish ICTS Network MICRONANOFABS partially supported by MINECO

Evaluación y mejora de la herramienta on-line DESweb para la enseñanza de bases de datos (2)

El objetivo es la herramienta DESweb de apoyo a la docencia virtual y presencial para la enseñanza de bases de datos relacionales (SQL) y deductivas (Datalog). Esta solicitud es continuación de un proyecto de la convocatoria anterior

Avaliação da violência e desportivismo no desporto: uma análise bibliométrica

Nº monográfico: Análisis de datos en estudios observacionales de Ciencias del Deporte (2). Aportaciones desde Mixed Methods.Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 3.0 España (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 ES)[ES] Este trabajo presenta un análisis bibliométrico de las publicaciones sobre los instrumentos de evaluación de la deportividad, la agresividad y la violencia en contextos deportivos profesionales y en edad escolar, durante el período 1996 a 2013. Los documentos fueron identificados en las bases de datos SportDiscus, PsycINFO, Psicodoc y Dialnet, así como en publicaciones e informes de federaciones e instituciones deportivas. Han sido 530 los documentos analizados, de los cuales 35 presentan instrumentos de evaluación. Los documentos obtenidos fueron clasificados en 5 categorías: método de evaluación, constructos evaluados, agentes sociales evaluados, período temporal y contexto deportivo. Los resultados muestran que la herramienta más utilizada ha sido el cuestionario (76.19%). En segundo lugar, los instrumentos analizados permiten evaluar variables psicológicas relacionadas con la deportividad (14.28%), con la no deportividad (28.57%) o con ambas (57.14%). En tercer lugar, tienden a centrarse en la evaluación del deportista (71.43%). En cuarto lugar, la mayoría permiten ser utilizados en un único momento temporal (85.71%). Finalmente, los instrumentos permiten ser utilizados tanto en ámbitos deportivos profesionales como en edad escolar (66.66%) o exclusivamente en edad escolar (33.33%).[EN] This study presents a bibliometric analysis of printed publications on evaluation tools in sportsmanship, aggresivity and violence in a professional sports context and at school age during 2013. Records from databases SportDiscus, PsycINFO, Psicodoc and Dialnet, as well as printed publications and reports from federations and sports institutions have been used. 530 documents have been analized, out of which 35 show evaluation tools. The obtained records were classifed into 5 catagories: methods of assessment, constructs and social actors assessed, seasonal period and sports context. The results show that the most used tool was the survey (76.19%). Secondly, the tools analized allowed the evaluation of psychological variables related to sportsmanship (14.28%), anti-sportsmanship (28.57%) and both (57.14%). Thirdly, nearly all the tools are centred on the assessment of the sportsman (71.43%). Fourthly, most of them are able to be used at any one single moment (85.71%). Finally, many of the tools allow evaluation in both the professional and school setting (66.66%) or entirely in the school setting (33.33%).[POR] Este trabalho apresenta uma análise bibliométrica das publicações sobre os instrumentos de avaliação do desportivismo, da agressividade e da violência em contextos desportivos profissionais e em idade escolar, durante o período de 1996 a 2013. Os documentos foram identificados nas bases de dados SportDiscus, PsycINFO, Psicodoc e Dialnet, assim como em publicações e relatórios de federações e de instituições desportivas. Foram analisados 530 documentos, dos quais 35 apresentam instrumentos de avaliação. Os documentos obtidos foram classificados em 5 categorias: método de avaliação, modelos avaliados, agentes sociais avaliados, período temporal e contexto desportivo. Os resultados mostram que a ferramenta mais utilizada foi o questionário (76.19%). Em segundo lugar, os instrumentos analisados permitem avaliar variáveis psicológicas relacionadas com o desportivismo(14.28%), com o não desportivismo (28.57%) ou com ambos (57.4%). Em terceiro lugar, tendem a centrar-se na avaliação do desportista (71.43%). Em quarto lugar, a maioria permite ser utilizada num único momento temporal(85.71%). Por fim, os instrumentos permitem ser utilizados tanto em âmbitos desportivos profissionais como em idade escolar (66.66%) ou exclusivamente em idade escolar (33.33%)

Nanoteknologiaren aplikazioak garu-minbizian

Nanoterapiak aukera berri asko ireki ditu garun minbizien tratamendu eta diagnostikoan. Nanogarraiatzaileen erabilerak, tumore ingurura molekula konplexuen zuzentzea eta sistemikoki administratutako farmakoen iragana muga hematoentzefalikotik zehar baimentzen du. Kapsularatzen badira, farmakoek batez besteko bizitza luzeagoa dute organismoan, eta gainera efektu kaltegarriak jaitsi egiten dira. Nanogarraiatzaile hauen erabilgarritasuna dela eta, tumoreen aurka zuzendutako askapensistemak garatu dira, eta horre la terapia genikoan, antigiogenikoan eta termoterapian erab iltzen hasi dira. Lan honetan, nanoteknologiaren azken ikerketak, aplikazioak eta erronkak garun minbizian azalduko ditugu