63 research outputs found
Just married: the synergy between feminist criminology and the Tripartite Cybercrime Framework
This article is a theoretical treatment of feminist epistemology of crime, which advocates the centrality of gender as a theoretical starting point for the investigating of digital crimes. It does so by exploring the synergy between the feminist perspectives and the Tripartite Cybercrime Framework (TCF) (which argues that three possible factors motivate cybercrimes â socioeconomic, psychosocial, and geopolitical) to critique mainstream criminology and the meaning of the term âcybercrimeâ. Additionally, the article examines gender gaps in online harassment, cyberâbullying, cyberâfraud, revenge porn, and cyberâstalking to demonstrate that who is victimised, why, and to what effect are the critical starting points for the analysis of the connections between gender and crimes. In turn, it uses the lens of intersectionality to acknowledge that, while conceptions of gender and crime interact, they intersect with other categories (e.g., sexuality) to provide additional layers of explanation. To nuance the utilitarian value of the synergy between the TCF and the feminist perspectives, the focus shifts to a recent case study (which compared socioeconomic and psychosocial cybercrimes). The article concludes that, while online and offline lives are inextricably intertwined, the victimisations in psychosocial cybercrimes may be more gendered than in socioeconomic cybercrimes. These contributions align the TCF to the feminist epistemology of crime in their attempt to move gender analysis of digital crimes âfrom margin to centreâ
Screening-based discovery of <em>Aspergillus fumigatus </em>plant-type chitinase inhibitors
AbstractA limited therapeutic arsenal against increasing clinical disease due to Aspergillus spp. necessitates urgent characterisation of new antifungal targets. Here we describe the discovery of novel, low micromolar chemical inhibitors of Aspergillus fumigatus family 18 plant-type chitinase A1 (AfChiA1) by high-throughput screening (HTS). Analysis of the binding mode by X-ray crystallography confirmed competitive inhibition and kinetic studies revealed two compounds with selectivity towards fungal plant-type chitinases. These inhibitors provide new chemical tools to probe the effects of chitinase inhibition on A. fumigatus growth and virulence, presenting attractive starting points for the development of further potent drug-like molecules
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Empowerment/sexism: Figuring female sexual agency in contemporary advertising
This paper argues that there has been a significant shift in advertising representations of women in recent years, such that rather than being presented as passive objects of the male gaze, young women in adverts are now frequently depicted as active, independent and sexually powerful. This analysis examines contemporary constructions of female sexual agency in advertisements examining three recognizable âfiguresâ: the young, heterosexually desiring âmidriffâ, the vengeful woman set on punishing her partner or ex partner for his transgressions, and the âhot lesbianâ, almost always entwined with her beautiful Other or double. Using recent examples of adverts the paper asks how this apparent âagencyâ and âempowermentâ should be understood.
Drawing on accounts of the incorporation or recuperation of feminist ideas in advertising the paper takes a critical approach to these representations, examining their exclusions, their constructions of gender relations and heteronormativity, and the way power is figured within them. A feminist poststructuralist approach is used to interrogate the way in which âsexual agencyâ becomes a form of regulation in these adverts, that requires the re-moulding of feminine subjectivity to fit the current postfeminist, neoliberal moment in which young women should not only be beautiful but sexy, sexually knowledgeable/practised and always âup for itâ.
The paper makes an original contribution to debates about representations of gender in advertising, to poststructuralist analyses about the contemporary operation of power, and to writing about female âsexual agencyâ by suggesting that âvoiceâ or âagencyâ may not be the solution to the âmissing discourse of female desire' but may in fact be a technology of discipline and regulation
A importùncia da associação obesidade e gravidez
Characteristics of the evolution of pregnancy in obese women were studied for their effect on newborn infants. Two control groups were observed - one of normal weight pregnant women, one of obese. The variables selected were: the socio-economic status of the family and the mother's age, height, arm circunference, prepregancy weight, total number of pregnancies, parity, weight gain during pregnancy, obstetric complications, birth weight, and fetal vitality. Results showed that pregnancy in obese women differs from that in normal weight women and that they show a larger incidence of obstetric complications. Children of obese mothers had a higher mortality rate principally in the perinatal period; moreover, there was also a higher rate of prematurity and a higher proportion of overweight babies among obese mothers. As a result, the distribution of the curve of the birth weight of infants of obese morthers was higher than that of infants of normal weight mothers. The conclusion reached was that whenever a pregnant obese woman reduced foot intake, with resultant insufficient weight gain, intrauterine growth was affected. Thus, it follows that pregnancy is not the best time for the obese mother to lose weight; for this reason, it is important that she receive adequate guidance in regard to diet. Obesity, therefore, is a factor contributing to high-risk pregnancy which can affect both mother and child.Foram estudados dois grupos de gestantes, sendo um de grĂĄvidas normais e outro de obesas, com a finalidade de reconhecer algumas caracterĂsticas da evolução da gravidez, em mulheres obesas, e suas repercussĂ”es sobre o concepto. Foram relacionadas as seguintes variĂĄveis: status sĂłcio-econĂŽmico familiar, idade, altura, perĂmetro braquial, peso habitual, nĂșmero de gestaçÔes anteriores, paridade materna, ganho de peso durante a gestação, idade gestacional, intercorrĂȘncias durante a gestação, peso ao nascer e vitalidade do recĂ©m-nascido. Pelos resultados concluiu-se que as gestantes obesas sĂŁo diferentes das normais e apresentam maior incidĂȘncia de complicaçÔes obstĂ©tricas. Os recĂ©m-nascidos, filhos de obesas, registraram Ăndice maior de mortalidade, principalmente no perĂodo perinatal. Houve maior incidĂȘncia de prematuridade e de fetos macrossĂŽmicos, sendo a curva de distribuição de peso ao nascer diferente da dos recĂ©m-nascidos das gestantes normais. A mĂ©dia de peso ao nascer das crianças das gestantes obesas Ă© maior que o das normais. Concluiu-se ainda que toda vez que a gestante obesa sofre restrição alimentar, com ganho de peso inadequado, o crescimento intra-uterino Ă© afetado; nĂŁo sendo, portanto, a Ă©poca da gravidez a melhor para a obesa perder peso, mas, ao contrĂĄrio, ela deveria receber uma orientação alimentar adequada. A obesidade Ă© pois um fator de aumento do risco gravĂdico, que pode afetar tanto a mĂŁe como o concepto
Macrosocial determinants of population health in the context of globalization
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/55738/1/florey_globalization_2007.pd
Effects of Gender and Leave of Absence on Attributions for High Performance, Perceived Organizational Commitment, and Allocation of Organizational Rewards
The present study examined the effects of gender and type of leave of absence on attributions for high performance, perceptions of organizational commitment, and allocation of organizational rewards. Results of the study, utilizing a predominately white student sample with a mean age of 29 years, indicated that there were no negative effects in terms of perceived organizational commitment or allocation of organizational rewards associated with a leave of absence (medical or parental) of short duration (three months) when taken by a high performing male or female. Causal attributions for performance and perceived level of organizational commitment were, however, related to recommendations of reward allocations. Implications of findings and future research are presented
Ratings of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Does the Source Make a Difference?
This study compared multiple ratings of the organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of managers obtained from three different sources: self, superiors, and subordinates. The results examining convergence across sources demonstrated that there were stronger correlations between ratings made by others (subordinates and superiors) than between ratings made by self and others. The results also indicated that there were mean level differences in ratings across sources. Specifically, ratings made by self and superiors were higher than were ratings made by subordinates. The results examining convergence within sources suggested that the reliability of OCB ratings based on a single rater were quite low; however, reliability increased considerably when aggregating raters. Future research and implications are discussed
Evaluation of echocardiography and cardiac biomarker concentrations in dogs with gastric dilatation volvulus
Objective
To assess abnormalities in concentrations of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), lactate, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in relation to arrhythmias, echocardiographic measurements, and survival in dogs with gastric dilatation volvulus (GDV).
Design
Prospective observational study.
Setting
University hospital.
Animals
Twenty-two dogs with naturally occurring GDV.
Samples
Concentrations of cTnI, plasma lactate, and NT-proBNP were recorded at presentation to the emergency room, the time closest to echocardiography, and the highest recorded concentrations during hospitalization.
Interventions
None.
Measurements and Main Results
Cardiac rhythms were categorized on a 0â4 scale (0 = no ventricular premature complexes [VPCs], 1 = single VPCs, 2 = bigeminy or trigeminy, 3 = couplets or triplets, and 4 = R-on-T phenomenon or ventricular tachycardia). Echocardiography was performed 6â18 hours postoperatively. Fifteen dogs had ventricular arrhythmias during hospitalization (Grade 1 [n = 9], Grade 4 [n = 6]). The highest recorded cTnI concentration was significantly higher in the dogs with Grade 4 (P = 0.002) or Grade 1 (P = 0.001) arrhythmias compared to dogs without arrhythmias. Plasma lactate was significantly correlated with left ventricular internal diameter in diastole (r = â0.52, P = 0.01) and systole (r = â0.57, P = 0.006), left ventricular free wall in diastole (LWDd, r = 0.59, P = 0.004), and interventricular septal thickness in diastole (IVDs, r = 0.65, P = 0.001). Dogs that did not survive to 1 week postdischarge (3/22) had a significantly thicker LVWd (P = 0.04) and IVSd (P = 0.05), and received significantly less fluids in the first 24 (P = 0.02) and 48 hours (P = 0.03) of hospitalization.
Conclusions
Concentrations of cTnI and NT-proBNP increased during hospitalization, but only cTnI concentrations were significantly higher in dogs with a higher arrhythmia grade. Additional research on the potential role of serial measurement of biomarkers in dogs with GDV is warranted
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