Investigación Educativa en las Ciencias Sociales

El libro se organiza en cinco grandes secciones, cada una con diferentes capítulos: La primera de ellas, rescata dos temas vinculados con aspectos teórico metodológicos de la Investigación Educativa; La segunda sección recoge algunos planteamientos del nivel básico; en tanto que la tercera, concentra dos capítulos de investigación en el nivel superior; la cuarta parte recupera y muestra dos aportes de nivel posgrado y, finalmente, se cierra con una quinta sección donde se concentran, distintos capítulos, de tópicos diversos

Association Between Preexisting Versus Newly Identified Atrial Fibrillation and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) may exist before or occur early in the course of pulmonary embolism (PE). We determined the PE outcomes based on the presence and timing of AF. Methods and Results Using the data from a multicenter PE registry, we identified 3 groups: (1) those with preexisting AF, (2) patients with new AF within 2 days from acute PE (incident AF), and (3) patients without AF. We assessed the 90-day and 1-year risk of mortality and stroke in patients with AF, compared with those without AF (reference group). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 792 had preexisting AF. These patients had increased odds of 90-day all-cause (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; 95% CI, 2.33-3.38) and PE-related mortality (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.37-4.14) and increased 1-year hazard for ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 5.48; 95% CI, 3.10-9.69) compared with those without AF. After multivariable adjustment, preexisting AF was associated with significantly increased odds of all-cause mortality (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.57-2.32) but not PE-related mortality (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.85-2.66). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 445 developed new incident AF within 2 days of acute PE. Incident AF was associated with increased odds of 90-day all-cause (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.75-2.97) and PE-related (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 2.01-6.59) mortality but not stroke. Findings were similar in multivariable analyses. Conclusions In patients with acute symptomatic PE, both preexisting AF and incident AF predict adverse clinical outcomes. The type of adverse outcomes may differ depending on the timing of AF onset.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Documento-In memoriam. Entre Alto Cedro y Marcané. Breve semblanza de Danilo Orozco (Santiago de Cuba, 17 de julio, 1944; La Habana, Cuba, 26 de marzo, 2013)

The Cuban musicologist Danilo Orozco died in 2013 in Havana, Cuba. He was able to combine a solid scientific background with a deep commitment to social work. As the writer of or the responsible for numerous musicological studies, he stands among the most important scholars of the twentieth century. He undertook and handled a multifarious effort to further and value the musical heritage of his native Cuba, showing a special care for peasant musicians many of whom had been by then forgotten. He kept in permanent contact and had a close relationship with them as part of his musicological fieldwork. For him music could not be studied from the standpoint of isolated disciplinary fields. Far from that, he practised a widely encompassing musicology considering music on the basis of the musical processes themselves, rather than from the historical, cultural or social situation. For many his most outstanding achievement was his doctoral dissertation submitted in 1987 at the Humboldt University in Germany. However his most enduring legacy has to do with the monumental work that he carried out with musicians of the Oriente province in Cuba. Doubtless his intelectual endeavor was truly gigantic. However it has yet to be made widely known.En 2013 muere en La Habana el musicólogo cubano Danilo Orozco. De sólida formación científica y manifiesta vocación social, no solo fue autor y responsable de un sinnúmero de estudios que lo sitúan entre los más destacados musicólogos del siglo XX, sino que además acometió y gestó una prolífica labor en la promoción y valoración del acervo musical de su Cuba natal, especialmente de los músicos campesinos y olvidados con quienes mantuvo contacto y relación permanente a lo largo de su trabajo de campo. Lejos de percibir el estudio de la música en campos disciplinarios segmentados, practicó una musicología integrativa, en la que la música se explica por sus procesos musicales y no según su situación histórica, cultural o social. Aunque para muchos su más resonado logro habría sido la tesis doctoral que defendió en 1987 en la Universidad Humboldt de Alemania, sin duda que su mayor legado ha sido la magna labor que desarrolló con los músicos del Oriente cubano. Hoy está pendiente la divulgación masiva de su trabajo intelectual el que, sin dudas, fue apoteósico

Documento-In memoriam. Entre Alto Cedro y Marcané. Breve semblanza de Danilo Orozco (Santiago de Cuba, 17 de julio, 1944; La Habana, Cuba, 26 de marzo, 2013)

The Cuban musicologist Danilo Orozco died in 2013 in Havana, Cuba. He was able to combine a solid scientific background with a deep commitment to social work. As the writer of or the responsible for numerous musicological studies, he stands among the most important scholars of the twentieth century. He undertook and handled a multifarious effort to further and value the musical heritage of his native Cuba, showing a special care for peasant musicians many of whom had been by then forgotten. He kept in permanent contact and had a close relationship with them as part of his musicological fieldwork. For him music could not be studied from the standpoint of isolated disciplinary fields. Far from that, he practised a widely encompassing musicology considering music on the basis of the musical processes themselves, rather than from the historical, cultural or social situation. For many his most outstanding achievement was his doctoral dissertation submitted in 1987 at the Humboldt University in Germany. However his most enduring legacy has to do with the monumental work that he carried out with musicians of the Oriente province in Cuba. Doubtless his intelectual endeavor was truly gigantic. However it has yet to be made widely known.En 2013 muere en La Habana el musicólogo cubano Danilo Orozco. De sólida formación científica y manifiesta vocación social, no solo fue autor y responsable de un sinnúmero de estudios que lo sitúan entre los más destacados musicólogos del siglo XX, sino que además acometió y gestó una prolífica labor en la promoción y valoración del acervo musical de su Cuba natal, especialmente de los músicos campesinos y olvidados con quienes mantuvo contacto y relación permanente a lo largo de su trabajo de campo. Lejos de percibir el estudio de la música en campos disciplinarios segmentados, practicó una musicología integrativa, en la que la música se explica por sus procesos musicales y no según su situación histórica, cultural o social. Aunque para muchos su más resonado logro habría sido la tesis doctoral que defendió en 1987 en la Universidad Humboldt de Alemania, sin duda que su mayor legado ha sido la magna labor que desarrolló con los músicos del Oriente cubano. Hoy está pendiente la divulgación masiva de su trabajo intelectual el que, sin dudas, fue apoteósico