BV as a dual space.

Let C be a field of subsets of a set I. It is well known that the space FA of all the finitely additive games of bounded variation on C is the norm dual of the space of all simple functions on C. In this paper we prove that the space BV of all the games of bounded variation on C is the norm dual of the space of all simple games on C. This result is equivalent to the compactness of the unit ball in BV with respect to the vague topology.Set functions; duality; compactness; coalitional games

Development of improved-durability plasma sprayed ceramic coatings for gas turbine engines

As part of a NASA program to reduce fuel consumption of current commercial aircraft engines, methods were investigated for improving the durability of plasma sprayed ceramic coatings for use on vane platforms in the JT9D turbofan engine. Increased durability concepts under evaluation include use of improved strain tolerant microstructures and control of the substrate temperature during coating application. Initial burner rig tests conducted at temperatures of 1010 C (1850 F) indicate that improvements in cyclic life greater than 20:1 over previous ceramic coating systems were achieved. Three plasma sprayed coating systems applied to first stage vane platforms in the high pressure turbine were subjected to a 100-cycle JT9D engine endurance test with only minor damage occurring to the coatings

Gay Affirmative Practice: Clinical Social Workers’ Perspectives

This study assessed clinical social workers’ beliefs and behaviors about working with gay and lesbian clients using the Gay Affirmative Practice Scale (GAPS) (Crisp, 2006). The survey, completed by 18 clinical social workers in Minnesota, consisted of the GAP Scale, demographic questions, and an open-ended question. The scores from this survey were slightly higher than those from previous studies (a higher score representing more affirmative practice with gay and lesbian clients). Respondents who had specific training related to working with gay and lesbian clients had lower GAPS scores than those who had no specific training. This study reinforced previous research which suggested that social workers are practicing affirmatively with gay and lesbian clients. Although respondents had high GAP scale scores, the answers to the open-ended questions suggested that the respondents are not considering sexuality as a component in the assessment of clients

Gay Affirmative Practice: Clinical Social Workers’ Perspectives

This study assessed clinical social workers’ beliefs and behaviors about working with gay and lesbian clients using the Gay Affirmative Practice Scale (GAPS) (Crisp, 2006). The survey, completed by 18 clinical social workers in Minnesota, consisted of the GAP Scale, demographic questions, and an open-ended question. The scores from this survey were slightly higher than those from previous studies (a higher score representing more affirmative practice with gay and lesbian clients). Respondents who had specific training related to working with gay and lesbian clients had lower GAPS scores than those who had no specific training. This study reinforced previous research which suggested that social workers are practicing affirmatively with gay and lesbian clients. Although respondents had high GAP scale scores, the answers to the open-ended questions suggested that the respondents are not considering sexuality as a component in the assessment of clients

Microhabitats in trees : veteranisation in urban and near-urban environments

Det finns i dagsläget en brist på gamla träd som är rika på mikrohabitat vilka inhyser många rödlistade arter. Utöver detta finns även ett stort åldersglapp mellan dagens unga och gamla träd vilket innebär att det kommer saknas ersättare för de viktiga mikrohabitaten när de gamla träden dör. Detta innebär att många arter kommer sakna förutsättningar för att leva. Det finns dessutom ett globalt mål som säger att den biologiska mångfalden inte får minska. För att uppnå detta mål behövs åtgärder som kan tillföra de mikrohabitat som det är brist på. En av dessa åtgärder kan vara veteranisering. Veteranisering innebär att artificiellt skapa mikrohabitat som finns i gamla träd genom att skada träden, detta med avsikt att fylla tidigare nämnda åldersglapp. I denna uppsats undersöks vilka utmaningar och möjligheter det skulle innebära att introducera veteranisering i stadsmiljö och stadsnära miljöer. Detta utfördes genom intervjuer. Informanterna består av forskare inom veteranisering, personer som utför veteranisering samt verksamma inom naturskötsel. Alla Informanterna såg både utmaningar och möjligheter med veteranisering nära städer och inne i städer. Möjligheterna ses som otaliga och berörde främst de fördelar det innebär för biodiversiteten. Många av utmaningarna gäller säkerhet men de största riskerna ansågs vara pedagogiska. Att allmänheten inte förstår varför träd skadas kan skapa oro och missförstånd. Därutöver var kunskapsbristen inom ämnet något som återkom gång på gång. Inom forskningen saknas framför allt uppföljning av veteranisering, vilket innebär att det saknas en kunskapsbas. Detta uppenbaras när det kommer till utförare och andra inom branschen då veteranisering ofta utförs felaktigt och av fel anledningar. Detta kan begränsas med både mer forskning och kunskapsspridning. Vi och merparten av informanterna anser att veteranisering kan användas i stadsmiljö och stadsnära miljöer men att det inte är där det fyller störst funktion. Det skulle behöva användas mer i skogsbruket där det finns möjlighet att restaurera skogar och åter fylla dem med mikrohabitat och biodiversitet. I arbetet konstateras att det finns kunskapsbrist inom ämnet då veteranisering är relativt nytt. Med detta arbete vill vi därför öppna upp ögonen för veteranisering framför allt för fler studenter som sedan kan sprida sina kunskaper vidare till bland annat vänner och yrkesverksamma. Vi vill även inspirera till vidare arbeten inom ämnet veteranisering.There is currently a lack of old-growth trees that are rich in microhabitats which house many red-listed species. In addition, there is a significant age gap between today's young and old trees, which means there will be a need for replacements for the important microhabitats when the old trees die. This means that many species will lack the conditions to live. There is also a global goal that states that biodiversity must not decrease. To achieve this goal, measures are needed to supply the microhabitats that are lacking. One of these measures may be veteranisation. Veteranisation means artificially creating microhabitats found in old trees by damaging the trees to fill the previously mentioned gaps. This essay examines what challenges and opportunities it would entail introducing veteranisation in urban and near-urban environments. This was carried out by conducting interviews. The informants consisted of researchers in veteranisation, people who carry out veteranisation and those active in nature conservation. The informants saw challenges and opportunities with veteranisation near cities and within cities. The possibilities are seen as countless and mainly concerned with the benefits it entails for biodiversity. Many challenges concern safety, but the most significant risks were considered pedagogic. The fact that the public does not understand why trees are damaged can cause concerns and misunderstandings. In addition, the lack of knowledge in the subject was something that came up again and again. Within research, there is a lack of follow-up on veteranisation, which means there is a lack of a knowledge base. This is evident when it comes to contractors and others in the industry as veteranisation is often done incorrectly and for the wrong reasons. This can be reduced through more research and disseminating knowledge. Most of the informants and we believe that veteranisation can be used in urban and near-urban environments, but that is not where it fulfills the most significant function. It would need to be used more in forestry where there is an opportunity to restore and refill forests again with microhabitats and biodiversity. The work states that there is a lack of knowledge within the subject as veteranisation is relatively new. With this work, we therefore want to open the eyes of veteranisation to more students who can then spread their knowledge to friends and professionals, among others. We also want to inspire further work on the subject of veteranisation

Gevrey functions and ultradistributions on compact Lie groups and homogeneous spaces

In this paper we give global characterisations of Gevrey-Roumieu and Gevrey-Beurling spaces of ultradifferentiable functions on compact Lie groups in terms of the representation theory of the group and the spectrum of the Laplace-Beltrami operator. Furthermore, we characterise their duals, the spaces of corresponding ultradistributions. For the latter, the proof is based on first obtaining the characterisation of their $\alpha$-duals in the sense of Koethe and the theory of sequence spaces. We also give the corresponding characterisations on compact homogeneous spaces.Comment: 23 page

mRNA expression of CYP17A1, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, HSD3B1 and AKR1C2 in metastatic and non-metastatic prostate cancer patients

The progression of prostate cancer (PCa) mainly occurs caused by androgens. There is a linkbetween intratumoral steroidogenesis and castration-resistant prostate cancer. This studyaimed to determine the mRNA expression of various steroidogenic enzymes (CYP17A1,CYP11A1, CYP19A1, HSD3B1, and AKR1C2) in metastatic and non-metastatic prostatecancer patients. This study was conducted at the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory andUrologi Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing,Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta from September-November 2017. Samples were taken from 30 paraffin blocks with adenocarcinoma ofprostate, stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and then classified into metastatic and nonmetastaticgroups. Samples then underwent deparaffinization procedure and examinationof mRNA expression of CYP17A1, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, HSD3B1, AKR1C2 genes usingReal-Time PCR. The mean mRNA expressions of CYP11A1, CYP17A1, CYP19A1,HSD3B1, and AKR1C2 genes in the metastatic adenocarcinoma prostate group were 7.08,10.11, 3.94, 4.84 and 3.58, respectively. In the non-metastatic group, the mean mRNAexpressions of CYP11A1, CYP17A1, CYP19A1, HSD3B1, and AKR1C2 genes were 4.62,9.45, 3.46, 2.68 and 4.92, respectively. The mean of mRNA expression of CYP11A1,CYP17A1, CYP19A1, and HSD3B1 genes were higher in the metastatic group than nonmetastaticadenocarcinoma prostate group. However, it was not statistically significant(p>0.05). The highest mRNA expression of steroidogenic enzymes was the CYP17A1gene. In conclusion, the mRNA expressions of CYP17A1, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, HSD3B1were higher in the metastatic prostate cancer patients compared to that in non-metastaticprostate cancer patients but statistically not significant