Componentes minoritarios de aceites obtenidos de frutos de palmeras de la región amazónica

This study deals with the characterization of minor compounds in oils obtained from the mesocarp of fruits of the main palm species from the State of Amapá, Brazil, i.e. bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba), buriti (Mauritia flexuosa), inajá (Maximiliana maripa), pupunha (Bactris gasipaes) and tucumã (Astrocaryum vulgare). The concentration of minor glyceridic compounds, i.e. dimeric triacylglycerols (TAG), the oxidized TAG and diacylglycerols (DAG) related to oil quality, and the compounds of unsaponifiable matter, i.e. hydrocarbons, aliphatic alcohols, sterols and tocopherols have been determined. The results indicate that the extracted oils had good initial quality, with DAG as the major glyceridic compound. The contents of hydrocarbons (50-734 mg·kg–1) and aliphatic alcohols (80-490 mg·kg–1) were highly variable with inajá oil containing the highest contents. In the case of tocopherols, buriti (1567 mg·kg–1) and tucumã (483 mg·kg–1) oils had the highest contents and the presence of significant amounts of tocotrienols was only detected in inajá oil. Finally, high concentrations of sterols were found in all the samples, particularly in the oils from pupunha (4456 mg·kg–1) and tucumã (2708 mg·kg–1), with β-sitosterol being the major sterol in all the samples with percentages between 65 and 83%.El objetivo de este estudio fue la caracterización de los componentes menores presentes en los aceites obtenidos del mesocarpio de frutos de especies de bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba), buriti (Mauritia flexuosa), inajá (Maximiliana maripa), pupuña (Bactris gasipaes) y tucumá (Astrocaryum vulgare), de importante producción en el Estado de Amapá, Brasil. Se determinaron las dos principales fracciones presentes en los aceites. Por una parte, los compuestos menores derivados de los componentes mayoritarios o triglicéridos (TAG): dímeros de TAG, TAG oxidados y diglicéridos (DAG) relacionados con la calidad de los aceites y, por otra, los principales grupos presentes en la fracción insaponificable (hidrocarburos, alcoholes alifáticos, esteroles y tocoferoles) relacionados con la calidad de los aceites. Los resultados indicaron que todos los aceites extraídos tenían buena calidad inicial, siendo los DAG los mayoritarios entre los compuestos menores glicerídicos. La concentración de hidrocarburos (50-734 mg·kg–1) y de alcoholes alifáticos (80-490 mg·kg–1) fue muy variable correspondiendo al aceite de inajá el mayor contenido en hidrocarburos y en alcoholes. En el caso de los tocoferoles, las mayores cantidades correspondieron a los aceites de buriti (1567 mg·kg–1) y tucumá (483 mg·kg–1) y la presencia de cantidades significativas de tocotrienoles sólo se detectaron en aceite de inajá. Finalmente, se encontraron concentraciones elevadas de esteroles en todas las muestras, especialmente en los aceites de pupuña (4456 mg·kg–1) y tucumá (2708 mg·kg–1), siendo el β-sitosterol el esterol mayoritario con porcentajes entre 65 y 83%

Obsessive and harmonious passion in physically active Spanish and Hungarian men and women: a brief report on cultural and gender differences

Increased research on passion in physical activity calls for direct examination of possible mediating variables that could influence the research outcome. The present study using a two by-two (nation by gender) between-participants design, examined whether gender and/or cultural differences in obsessive- and harmonious passion were present in Spanish and Hungarian physically active individuals. Participants (n=1,002) completed the Passion Scale, reported their gender, age, and weekly hours of physical activity. Multivariate analysis of covariance revealed that the experiencing of physical activity-related obsessive- and harmonious passion differed between the two countries and Hungarian women scored significantly higher on harmonious and obsessive passion than Spanish women. However, Hungarian men only scored significantly higher on obsessive passion, but not harmonious passion compared to Spanish men. These results suggest that the moderating role of gender and cultural differences should be addressed more carefully in conducting and interpreting results of research concerned with passion in physical activity

Limits on the Electromagnetic and Weak Dipole Moments of the Tau-Lepton in E_6 Superstring Models

We obtain limits on the electromagnetic and weak dipole moments of the tau-lepton in the framework of a Left-Right symmetric model (LRSM) and a class of $E_6$ inspired models with an additional neutral vector boson $Z_\theta$. Using as an input the data obtained by the L3 and OPAL Collaborations for the reaction $e^+e^-\to \tau^+\tau^-\gamma$, we get a stringent limit on the LRSM mixing angle $\phi$, $-1.66\times 10^{-3}< \phi<1.22\times 10^{-3}$, which in turn induces bounds on the tau weak dipole moments which are consistent with the bounds obtained recently by the DELPHI and ALEPH Collaborations from the reaction $e^+e^-\to \tau^+\tau^-$. We also get similar bounds for the weak dipole moments of the tau lepton in the framework of $E_6$ superstring models.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure

Analysis and evaluation of levels of awareness and understanding of fooball tactics by a game board

El siguiente estudio aborda la relación existente entre el plano de acción y el plano de representación de los sujetos, a través del papel que proporcionan los procesos de comprensión y toma de conciencia que suceden en el interior del individuo cuando se enfrenta a situaciones de juego que demanda un deporte no lineal, con características sumamente abiertas, como es el fútbol. El objetivo que pretendemos es analizar y evaluar la toma de conciencia y comprensión táctica del jugador infantil de fútbol base, desde la perspectiva funcional-estructural. Para ello, se ha utilizado un juego de tablero simulador de fútbol, diseñado a partir de la reglamentación básica que rige este deporte. La muestra utilizada está compuesta por ocho sujetos varones de categoría infantil, divididos en dos niveles de pericia: alto y bajo. Por tanto, se trata de un análisis centrado en el jugador (Garganta, 2001). Los ítems utilizados para realizar este análisis de la comprensión táctica de los jugadores se pueden categorizar siguiendo los principios tácticos de juego en fútbol que detalla Claude Bayer (1987). A su vez, los contenidos tácticos que se detallan en los ítems, se clasifican en aspectos tácticos de tipo individual -ofensivo y defensivo-, grupal -ofensivo y defensivo- y colectivo -ofensivo y defensivo-, siguiendo las clasificaciones propuestas por Fradua (1997), Garganta y Pinto (1997), Sánchez y Fradua (2001).The following study addresses the relationship between the level of action and the level of representation of the subject, through the paper that provide the processes of understanding and awareness that occur within the individual when confronted with game situations sport demands a nonlinear, with features very open, like football. The objective we intend to analyze and evaluate the awareness and tactical understanding of children's football player base, from the structural-functional perspective. For this, we used a board game football simulator, designed from the basic regulations governing the sport. The sample is composed of eight junior class male subjects, divided into two skill levels: high and low. Therefore, an analysis is centered on the player (throat, 2001). The items used for this analysis of tactical understanding of the players can be categorized according to the principles of tactical football game detailing Claude Bayer (1987). In turn, the contents listed in tactical items are classified in tactical aspects of individual type-offensive and defensive-, group-offensive and defensive-and collectiveoffensive and defensive-, following the classification proposed by Fradua (1997 ), Throat and Pinto (1997), Sanchez and Fradua (2001)

Evaluation of European Deposit Insurance Scheme Funding based on risk analysis

We carry out a quantitative analysis of the financing measures proposed for the European Deposit Insurance Scheme (EDIS) regarding the target level of the fund and the contribution scheme of member entities. We estimate the loss distribution of the EDIS considering different sources of systemic risk associated with the correlations between bank assets and we analyse the sensitivity of the results to bank portfolio risk. Our findings show how the interconnection between banks of different countries has an important influence on accumulated losses in the tail of the distribution. Likewise deterioration in the quality of bank portfolios produces a significant reduction in the fund’s loss-absorbing capacity, which calls into question its soundness in times of economic recession. Finally, the contribution scheme provides more equitable risk measures and may be an appropriate incentive to reduce moral hazard in the Banking Union

Web based hybrid volumetric visualisation of urban GIS data: Integration of 4D Temperature and Wind Fields with LoD-2 CityGML models

City models visualisation, buildings, structures and volumetric information, is an important task in Computer Graphics and Urban Planning -- The different formats and data sources involved in the visualisation make the development of applications a big challenge -- We present a homogeneous web visualisation framework using X3DOM and MEDX3DOM for the visualisation of these urban objects -- We present an integration of different declarative data sources, enabling the utilization of advanced visualisation algorithms to render the models -- It has been tested with a city model composed of buildings from the Madrid University Campus, some volumetric datasets coming from Air Quality Models and 2D layers wind datasets -- Results show that the visualisation of all the urban models can be performed in real time on the Web -- An HTML5 web interface is presented to the users, enabling real time modifications of visualisation parameter