31 research outputs found

    Dispersión del campo magnético terrestre obtenida a partir de remanencias primarias en lavas.

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    A total of 120 sites with geochronological control have been sampled in the Transmexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB). They span the spatial and temporal activity of this volcanic arc. The mean paleomagnetic directions, obtained from volcanic rocks in the age range 10-5 Ma and 5-0 Ma, do not differ from their respective reference directions. In both data sets, virtual geomagnetic poles (VCPs) have been selected using Fisher's precision parameters and optimum cutoft angles (Vandamme, 1994). This results in a circularly symmetrical data distribution with normal and reverse modes that are indistinguishable from antipodal. VCP dispersions are consistent with those from globally distributed observations analysed by McFadden et al. (1991) and McElhinny & McFadden (1997) tor the Miocene and the Plio-Quaternary, respectively. Abnormally low scatters of VCPs have been reported in previous studies of Miocene and Quaternary lavas of the TMVB. An analysis of all the published paleomagnetic data from this arc, when selected in terms of the same quality criteria, do not either support the persistence of a magnetic anomaly in the studied region, in agreement with the present study

    Magnetic susceptibility of Variscan granite-types of the Spanish Central System and the redox state of magma

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    Magnetic susceptibility (MS) has been measured in Variscan granites from central Spain. They yield values in the order of 15 to 180µSI units for S- and I-type granites, indicating that both types belong to the ilmenite series. Only samples from magnetite-bearing leucogranites from the I-type La Pedriza massif show high MS values, in the order of 500-1400µSI, reflecting the presence of this ferromagnetic mineral. Mineral chemistry of magmatic Fe-rich minerals (mainly biotite) suggests similar oxidation values for both granite types. MS values change in highly fractionated granites accordingly either with the presence of rare new Fe-oxide phases (some I-type leucogranites) or with the marked modal amount decrease of Fe-rich minerals (I- and S-type leucogranites). The redox state in highly fractionated granite melts is mostly controlled by magmatic processes that modify redox conditions inherited from the source region. Thus, the occurrence of magnetite or ilmenite in granites is primarily controlled by the oxidation state of the source material but also by the differentiation degree of the granite melt. The presence of magnetite in some Variscan I-type leucogranites might be a consequence of crystal fractionation processes in a more limited mafic mineral assemblage than in S-type granite melts

    Propiedades magnéticas de sedimentos del Triásico Medio- Jurásico Inferior de la Cordillera Ibérica Occidental

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    A rock magnetic and palaeomagnetic study on two Middle-Late Triassic sections in the westernmost margin of the Iberian Ranges -that mostly consist of a thick sequence of interbedded mudstones and sandstones- and their Lower Jurassic top -dolomitized limestones- has been performed. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility thermomagnetic curves and hysteresis properties have been measured and the palaeomagnetic directions interpreted according to these analyses. Whereas the magnetic signal of the dolomitized Lower Jurassic limestone and some of the Triassic beds is unstable, multicomponent magnetisation behaviour has been observed in theTriassic red beds. The characteristic component presents high coercitivity and distributed unblocking temperatures up to 700-C (carried by hematite), showing both polarities and defining a consistent magnetic zonation. The NRM also contains lower unblocking temperature components with normal polarities. These are interpreted as result of the overlapping of a present day field component and an older overprint, probably related to the extensional phases of the Iberian Basin during the Cretaceous time. Primary remanence is better preserved in the fine-grained beds, showing a lower overlapping degree between the characteristic component and the high temperature overprint

    Aprender ciencia investigando, colaborando y mentorizando, en un entorno interdisciplinar

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    Depto. de Física de la Tierra y AstrofísicaDepto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaFac. de Ciencias FísicasFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFALSEsubmitte

    Geofísica-SMART: Simples experiMentos de enseñanza apRendizaje en entoRnos digiTales

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    La Geofísica es una disciplina asociada a la Física experimental con gran desarrollo en multitud de ámbitos que van desde la arqueología a diferentes areas de la ingeniería como la geotécnia, ingeniería de minas o ingeniería geológica o bien el ámbito académico. Precisa de un conocimiento Físico de las leyes de la naturaleza pero también una destreza asociada a la Física más aplicada con multitud de experimentos en campo. Éstos son a veces difíciles de encontrar en libros de texto que se centran en los aspectos teóricos de la disciplina. Por eso, este proyecto pretende hacer ver a los estudiantes el diseño, desarrollo y procesado de experiencias de Geofísica Aplicada o prospectiva dentro de su desarrollo curricular

    Alfabetización en Ciencias de la Tierra

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    p. 117-129Este trabajo describe qué se entiende por una persona alfabetizada en ciencias de la Tierra y selecciona los conocimientos básicos que debería poseer todo estudiante al finalizar la educación obligatoria, de forma que pueda disponer de una idea global sobre cómo funciona el planeta en que vive. Formula las diez ideas clave que sintetizan esos conocimientos básicos y los conceptos, principios y teorías que las sustentan, así como los procedimientos utilizados para construir estos conocimientos, para refutarlos o validarlos. La propuesta está pensada desde una perspectiva holística, que entiende la Tierra como un sistema en el que se producen interacciones entre sus componentes. Entre ellas se destacan las que tienen lugar entre la humanidad y el planeta.S
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