Palmitoylation as a Regulator of MAGUK Proteins Postsynaptic Localization

Synaptic plasticity is the ability of the brain to make changes and the changes occur at synapses. To achieve the complicated functions, a good number of proteins are present at synapse and are called synaptic proteins. To stabilize these proteins at synapses, proteins are modified through posttranslational modifications (PTMs). The most studied PTMs include phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, palmitoylation, etc. Palmitoylation is a type of lipid modification and has received more attention recently for its contribution to protein trafficking, localization, and interaction in various synaptic plasticity. The membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family includes PSD-95, PSD-93 (also known as chapsyn-110), SAP102, and SAP97. They are present in the synapses and regulate the localization of synaptic proteins. Palmitoylation of PSD-95 has been demonstrated to involve in postsynaptic localization of PSD-95. SAP97 and PSD-93 contain palmitoylation sites that are very similar to PSD-95. However, the palmitoylation of SAP102 has not been fully studied. The proteomic analyses suggest the potential presence of palmitoylation of SAP102. In this study, we used human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK 293) to express SAP102. SAP102 palmitoylation was assayed using acyl-biotinyl exchange (ABE) method. The basal palmitoylation level of SAP102 and how the palmitoylation regulates SAP102 intracellular trafficking will provide a deeper understanding of SAP102 protein structure and how the protein plays a role at synpases

Anti-cancer effect of Cissus quadrangularis on human glioblastoma cells

Objectives Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common and fatal brain tumour in the central nervous system with a poor survival rate and a median survival time of 15 months only. The standard treatment is aggressive surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, effective drugs available in chemotherapy are limited. This study was designed to evaluate, for the first time, the potential therapeutic effect of Cissus quadrangularis (CQ) in human glioblastoma cells and to investigate its possible mechanisms of action. Methods In this study, we examined the anticancer activity of CQ in human glioblastoma U87 MG cells by cell viability assay, cell migration assay, immunofluorescence staining and Western blot. Results Our results demonstrated that CQ treatment induced U87 cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest and cell death. The cytotoxicity of CQ mediates ER stress, autophagy and mitochondrial apoptosis by suppressing pro-survival signalling pathways (extracellular signal-regulated kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathways). Conclusions The findings of this study imply that CQ is a promising anti-cancer candidate for the treatment of GBM. Highlights The anticancer effect of Cissus quadrangularis (CQ) was studied in human glioblastoma U87 MG cells. It was demonstrated that CQ treatment induced cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest and cell death in U87 MG cells. CQ may become a potential chemotherapy component for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme

Protagonist's Subconscious Protest in George Eliot's Novel "The Mill on the Floss"

Bakalaura darbā tiek pētīts un analizēts Dž. Eliotas romāna “Flosas dzirnavas” galvenās varones zemapziņas protests. Darba teorētiskajā daļā tiek piedāvāts ieskats Anglijas Viktorijas laika vēsturē, uzsverot karalienes Viktorijas nozīmīgo lomu vēstures procesā, kā arī īss. Eliotas biogrāfijas apskats, viņas literārā veikuma izvērtējums un analizētas romāna galvenās vadlīnijas. Darba praktiskajā daļā pētīts galvenās varones zemapziņas protests, kas vērsts pret Viktorijas laikmetā pastāvošajām sabiedrības normām. Pētot romāna galvenās varones zemapziņas protesta cēloņus un to attīstību tiek atklāts kā attiecīgājā laikmetā pastāvošie standarti rada iekšējo konfliktu, kura vienīgais atrisinājums ir galvenās varones traģiskā bojāeja. Atslēgvārdi: Viktorijas laikmets, reālisms, zemapziņas protests, sabiedrības nosodījums.This bachelor paper analyzes the protagonist’s subconscious protest in George Eliot’s novel “The Mill on the Floss”. Providing a balanced view, the theoretical part of the research paper deals with the concept of Victorian era history in England, emphasizing the importance of Queen Victoria’s personality, drawing attention to significant bench-marks of the Victorian era, acquainting the reader with the biography of George Eliot and a assessing the main features of the novel. The practical part of the paper details research of the protagonist’s rising subconscious protest towards Victorian society’s prejudicial norms. Investigating the background and following the development of the protagonist’s subconscious protest, the author reveals how the Victorian society’s norms cause the individual’s inner struggle. Through the protagonist’s unfulfilled intellectualism, her personal life concludes tragically. Keywords: Victorian era, realism, subconscious protest, society’s condemnatio

Philosophy born of massacres. Marikana, the theatre of cruelty: The killing of the ‘kaffir’

This article probes the possibility of the reasons of reason by interrogating the deconstruction of the subject – the Black man subject as policeman, and the Black man subject as miner – upon the grounds set out by the killing of miners at Marikana. The South African press referred to the events of 16 August 2012 as “The Marikana massacre” and reported that not since the Sharpeville massacre of 1960 had such force and brutality been witnessed. Guided by the murder tactics handed over by White policemen, the Black policemen shot Black men,2 one after the other, for no reason other than to assert the authority of the right to kill when wearing a South African police uniform. I call the resulting massacre a theatre of cruelty, which informsmy point of departure for a philosophy born of massacres. This article addresses the salient features of what marks this relationship between the Black man who considers himself a product of postmodernity and post-apartheid, and the Black man who considers himself the miner

When Black Consciousness Meets White Consciousness in Feminist Organizations

This essay documents the work I carried out as researcher with a group of White women from the Ottawa region of Ontario, Canada, from the period between 1991 until 1994, who were working within violence-against-women organizations with an antiracism agenda. The excerpt of the group work that I present shows how the participants uncover the many unexamined components of White Consciousness. The verbal exchanges of the women in this group determine the scope of this essay and my reflections follow on from it.Cet article est le fruit d’une recherche conduite entre 1991 et 1994 avec un groupe de femmes blanches de la région d’Ottawa, en Ontario, au Canada, engagées dans la lutte contre la violence faite aux femmes et le racisme. L’extrait de cet atelier, présenté ici, montre comment les différentes participantes découvrent les nombreuses facettes d’une Conscience blanche jusque là ignorée. Ce sont les échanges verbaux de ce groupe de femmes qui sont au cœur de cet article et les réflexions à leur suite en découlent directement.Maart Rozena. When Black Consciousness Meets White Consciousness in Feminist Organizations. In: Cahiers Charles V, n°40, juin 2006. L'objet identité. Épistémologie et transversalité. pp. 71-93

Gentrification and Facadism in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, London: a tale of three buildings

The name, The Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, has connotations of affluence, aristocracy, and the elite. This is the borough of a royal residence, Kensington Palace, situated on Kensington Palace Gardens. The road was known locally as Millionaires’ Row when I was growing up, but now it’s Billionaires’ Row, an avenue of private homes, embassies, and a royal palace on the most expensive residential street in Britain (Da Silva 2021). As a child, I would occasionally walk back from school playing hide and seek on this road with my mum although with tall, gated houses either side and regular security guard patrols, there were only a few places to hide – behind a Rolls Royce or secreted in the corner of a white gated column where I would jump out as she walked past. Near to Kensington Palace Gardens are high-end department stores like Harrods and Harvey Nichols (the latter I have never been inside), and supercars, Ferraris and Lamborghinis, speed down Knightsbridge into Chelsea. In March 2022, ITV News reported that residents were pleading for a larger fine, more than the current £100, for supercars that were as loud as jet planes and would wake people up in the night (Harris 2022).</p

Gestão de documentos arquivísticos digitais: análise do sistema de gestão eletrônica de documentos do Arquivo de Processos Éticos Profissionais do Conselho Regional de Medicina do Rio de Janeiro

A partir do levantamento realizado na literatura da área de arquivologia e gestão de documentos, procura-se demonstrar neste trabalho uma análise do sistema de gestão de documentos digitais utilizado no Arquivo de Processos Éticos do Conselho regional de medicina do Rio de Janeiro. São apresentadas as técnicas e os objetos que auxiliam a gestão eletrônica dos documentos produzidos e utilizados para todo o processo de julgamento dos profissionais de medicina da região. São comentadas as formas de gestão documental existente, as regras e regimentos que estabelecem o padrão para a manipulação dos documentos, procurando analisar a utilidade das mesmas e sua qualidade no que diz respeito ao objetivo final da instituição. A finalidade deste trabalho é analisar todos os processos utilizados na gestão dos documentos eletrônicos que fazem parte do arquivo de Processos Éticos Profissionais do Conselho Regional de Medicina do Rio de Janeiro e comprovar a relevância do sistema utilizado, sua utilidade e eficiência.From the survey conducted in the literature of archivology area and document management,this paper seek to demonstrate an analysis of the digital document management system used in the Archive of the Professional Ethical Process of the Regional Council of Medicine of Rio de Janeiro. They present the techniques and the objects that support the electronic management of documents produced and used for the entire process of judgment of medical professionals in the region. Is discussed forms of existing document management, rules and regulations which set the standard for the handling of documents, trying to analyze the usefulness and quality thereof in respect to the final objective of the institution. The purpose of this study is to analyze all the processes used in the management of electronic documents that are part of the Archive of the Professional Ethical Process of the Regional Council of Medicine of Rio de Janeiro and prove the relevance of the system used, its usefulness and efficiency

Recovery of mail piece shape from range images using 3D from deformable model

Automatic sorting of all classes of mail must take into account different shapes and sizes of mail pieces. A system for classification of mail pieces according to their shape using range images is proposed. Volumatric models of single mail pieces characterized by position, orientation, size and shape parameters are recovered using least squares minimization of a model fitting function. The models used are superquatrics with global deformations. The recovered parameters can serve for different classification schemes which depend on the particular methods used for the manipulation of the mail stream. A classification scheme that divides mail pieces is presented