Análisis de factores motivacionales en la práctica de actividad física del alumnado de educación secundaria obligatoria en un centro de Valencia

The aim of the following work was to analyse the adherence to the sport practice, the motivational climate, the satisfaction of the necessities and the regulation of the behaviour towards the practice of physical activity (PA). We used a sample composed of 89 subjects, 41 boys and 48 girls with age ranged between 14 and 18 years of high school level. We used the questionnaire of PA for adolescents (PAQ-A), the Behavioural Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ), The Controlling Coach Behaviour Scale (CCBS), the Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise Scale (PNSE) and The Learning Climate Questionnaire (LCQ). The results showed that the practice of PA was influenced by diverse factors such as integrated motivation, external and intrinsic motivation in terms of execution and gender. In conclusion, it would be necessary to promote a motivational climate aimed at the task for the increase of motivation and future sport adherence.El objetivo del siguiente estudio fue analizar la adherencia a la práctica deportiva, el clima motivacional, la satisfacción de las necesidades básicas y la regulación de la conducta hacia la práctica de Actividad Física (AF) en alumnado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Participaron en el estudio 89 estudiantes, 41 chicos y 48 chicas con edades comprendidas entre 14 y 18 años, quienes cumplimentaron el Cuestionario de Actividad Física para Adolescentes (PAQ-A), el Cuestionario de Regulación de Conducta en el Deporte (BRSQ), la Escala de medición de la Satisfacción de las Necesidades Psicológicas en el Ejercicio (PNSE), Escala de medición de los Comportamientos Controladores (CCBS) y el Cuestionario del Clima Motivacional Percibido (LCQ). Los resultados mostraron que la práctica de AF viene influenciada por diversos factores como la motivación integrada, externa y la motivación intrínseca en cuanto a la ejecución y el género. En conclusión, habría que fomentar un clima motivacional dirigido a la tarea para el aumento de la motivación y futura adherencia deportiva

Gas–Solid Heterogeneous Postsynthetic Modification of Imine-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks

This is the peer-reviewed version of the following article: Martín-Illian, J. A., Royuela, S., Ramos, M. M., Segura, J. L., & Zamora, F. (2020). Gas‐Solid Heterogeneous Post‐Synthetic Modification of Imine‐based Covalent Organic Frameworks. Chemistry–A European Journal. 26 (29), 6495-6498, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202000224. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley-VCH Terms and Conditions for Self-ArchivingThe copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click reaction is among the most extensively used strategies for the post-polymerization modification of COFs. This work shows a new procedure for the postsynthetic functionalization of imine-based COFs by using a heterogeneous solid–gas reaction between alkyne-functionalized COFs and azides in the absence of a copper catalyst. This new alternative represents a step forward towards a greener postsynthetic modification of COFs opening a high potential for the development of new applicationsThis work was financially supported by MINECO (MAT2016‐77608‐C3‐1‐P and 2‐P

MAP Kinases and Prostate Cancer

The three major mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) p38, JNK, and ERK are signal transducers involved in a broad range of cell functions including survival, apoptosis, and cell differentiation. Whereas JNK and p38 have been generally linked to cell death and tumor suppression, ERK plays a prominent role in cell survival and tumor promotion, in response to a broad range of stimuli such as cytokines, growth factors, ultraviolet radiation, hypoxia, or pharmacological compounds. However, there is a growing body of evidence supporting that JNK and p38 also contribute to the development of a number of malignances. In this paper we focus on the involvement of the MAPK pathways in prostate cancer, including the less-known ERK5 pathway, as pro- or antitumor mediators, through their effects on apoptosis, survival, metastatic potential, and androgen-independent growth

TNF-α/IL-1/NF-κB transduction pathway in human cancer prostate

TNFα exerts apoptosis throughout an intracellular transduction pathway that involves the kinase proteins TRAF-2 (integration point of apoptotic and survival signals), ASK1 (pro-apoptotic protein), MEK-4 (p38 activator and metastasis suppressor gene), JNK (stress mitogen activated protein kinase) and the transcription factor AP-1. TNFα also exerts proliferation by p38 activation, or when TRAF-2 simultaneously induces the transcription factor NF-κB by NIK. NIK and p38 may also be activated by IL-1. P38 activated several transcription factors such as Elk-1, ATF-2 and NF-κB. NIK also may activate NF-κB. The aim of the present article was to evaluate the different components of this TNFα/IL-1 transduction pathway in human prostate carcinoma (PC) in comparison with normal human prostate. In prostate cancer, pro-apoptotic TNFα/AP-1 pathway is probably inactivated by different factors such as p21 (at ASK-1 level) and bcl-2 (at JNK level), or diverted towards p38 or NIK activation. IL-1α enhances proliferation through IL-1RI that activates either NIK or p38 transduction pathway. P38 and NIK activate different transcription factors related with cell proliferation and survival such as ATF-2, Elk-1 or NF-κB. In order to search a possible target to cancer prostate treatment we proposed that inhibition of several proinflamatory cytokines such as IL-1 and TNFα might be a possible target for PC treatment, because decrease the activity of all transduction pathway members that activate transcription factors as NF-κB, Elk-1 or ATF-2.Ministerio de Educación y Cienci

Xyloglucan, Hibiscus and Propolis for the prevention of Urinary Tract Infections: results of in vitro studies

Aim: To assess the properties of a medical device containing xyloglucan, propolis and hibiscus to create a bioprotective barrier to avoid the contact of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains on cell walls in models of intestinal (CacoGoblet) and uroepithelial (RWPE-1) cells (derived from normal human prostate epithelium). Materials & methods: Two uropathogenic E. coli strains (expressing type 1 fimbriae and P fimbriae) were used to assess, by electronic microscopy and ELISA, the barrier properties of the medical device. The antimicrobial activity was assessed in broth dilution assays. Results: The three components (xyloglucan, propolis and hibiscus) did not alter E. coli cell integrity in intestinal and uroepithelial cell models and were devoid of antibacterial activity. The three components avoided bacterial contact in both cell monolayers. Conclusion: The nonpharmacological barrier properties of xyloglucan, propolis and hibiscus confirm the role of the medical device for the management of urinary tract infections

Irrigation Post-Modernization. Farmers Envisioning Irrigation Policy in the Region of Valencia (Spain)

[EN] During the last three decades, like many other Mediterranean states, Spain has intensively promoted the modernization of irrigation, focusing mainly on the introduction of pressurized irrigation systems. Following 30 years of investment, a shift in irrigation policies is needed to solve some of the deficiencies in this modernization process and to incorporate new measures to cope with upcoming challenges generated by international markets, climate change and other social and economic processes. This paper describes and analyses the results of participatory research carried out with the water user associations in the autonomous region of Valencia, in order to define post-modernization irrigation policies. A survey and 24 local workshops involving 304 water user associations were conducted during the irrigation season of 2018 in order to form an assessment of the sector and design new irrigation policies. The results show that after 30 years of important investment, the obsolescence of the infrastructure has become the current main priority, making farmers dependent on public subsidies. New necessities have also emerged, such as renewable energies and nonconventional water resources, which farmers consider indispensable in order to reduce operating costs and guarantee water supply.This work has been developed under the framework of the research agreement "Estudio para la modernizacion del regadio en la Comunidad Valenciana", between the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia and the Generalitat Valenciana, and conducted as part of the research project "Design and evaluation of strategies to adapt to global climate change in Mediterranean watersheds by using irrigation water intensively (ADAPTAMED)" (RTI2018-101483-B-I00), funded by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) of Spain and with EU FEDER funds.Sanchis Ibor, C.; Ortega-Reig, M.; Guillem-Garcia, A.; Carricondo, JM.; Manzano Juarez, J.; García Molla, M.; Royuela, A. (2021). Irrigation Post-Modernization. Farmers Envisioning Irrigation Policy in the Region of Valencia (Spain). Agriculture. 11(4):1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11040317S121114Siebert, S., Kummu, M., Porkka, M., Döll, P., Ramankutty, N., & Scanlon, B. R. (2015). A global data set of the extent of irrigated land from 1900 to 2005. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 19(3), 1521-1545. doi:10.5194/hess-19-1521-2015Projects in Irrigation and Drainage https://projects.worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/projects-list?sectorcode_exact=AIInternational Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID), World Irrigated Area 2018 https://www.icid.org/world-irrigated-area.pdfBenouniche, M., Zwarteveen, M., & Kuper, M. (2014). BRICOLAGEAS INNOVATION: OPENING THE BLACK BOX OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEMS. Irrigation and Drainage, 63(5), 651-658. doi:10.1002/ird.1854Van der Kooij, S., Zwarteveen, M., & Kuper, M. (2015). The material of the social: the mutual shaping of institutions by irrigation technology and society in Seguia Khrichfa, Morocco. International Journal of the Commons, 9(1), 129. doi:10.18352/ijc.539Ortega-Reig, M., Sanchis-Ibor, C., Palau-Salvador, G., García-Mollá, M., & Avellá-Reus, L. (2017). Institutional and management implications of drip irrigation introduction in collective irrigation systems in Spain. Agricultural Water Management, 187, 164-172. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2017.03.009García-Mollá, M., Ortega-Reig, M., Boelens, R., & Sanchis-Ibor, C. (2020). Hybridizing the commons. Privatizing and outsourcing collective irrigation management after technological change in Spain. World Development, 132, 104983. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.104983Lecina, S., Isidoro, D., Playán, E., & Aragüés, R. (2010). Irrigation Modernization in Spain: Effects on Water Quantity and Quality—A Conceptual Approach. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 26(2), 265-282. doi:10.1080/07900621003655734Berbel, J., & Mateos, L. (2014). Does investment in irrigation technology necessarily generate rebound effects? A simulation analysis based on an agro-economic model. Agricultural Systems, 128, 25-34. doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2014.04.002Berbel, J., Gutiérrez-Martín, C., Rodríguez-Díaz, J. A., Camacho, E., & Montesinos, P. (2014). Literature Review on Rebound Effect of Water Saving Measures and Analysis of a Spanish Case Study. Water Resources Management, 29(3), 663-678. doi:10.1007/s11269-014-0839-0Berbel, J., Gutiérrez-Martín, C., & Expósito, A. (2018). Impacts of irrigation efficiency improvement on water use, water consumption and response to water price at field level. Agricultural Water Management, 203, 423-429. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2018.02.026Molle, F., & Tanouti, O. (2017). Squaring the circle: Agricultural intensification vs. water conservation in Morocco. Agricultural Water Management, 192, 170-179. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2017.07.009Pérez-Blanco, C. D., Hrast-Essenfelder, A., & Perry, C. (2020). Irrigation Technology and Water Conservation: A Review of the Theory and Evidence. Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 14(2), 216-239. doi:10.1093/reep/reaa004Rodríguez-Díaz, J. A., Pérez-Urrestarazu, L., Camacho-Poyato, E., & Montesinos, P. (2011). The paradox of irrigation scheme modernization: more efficient water use linked to higher energy demand. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(4), 1000. doi:10.5424/sjar/20110904-492-10Rocamora, C., Vera, J., & Abadía, R. (2012). Strategy for Efficient Energy Management to solve energy problems in modernized irrigation: analysis of the Spanish case. Irrigation Science, 31(5), 1139-1158. doi:10.1007/s00271-012-0394-5Espinosa-Tasón, J., Berbel, J., & Gutiérrez-Martín, C. (2020). Energized water: Evolution of water-energy nexus in the Spanish irrigated agriculture, 1950–2017. Agricultural Water Management, 233, 106073. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106073Lopez-Gunn, E., Zorrilla, P., Prieto, F., & Llamas, M. R. (2012). Lost in translation? Water efficiency in Spanish agriculture. Agricultural Water Management, 108, 83-95. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2012.01.005Garb, Y., & Friedlander, L. (2014). From transfer to translation: Using systemic understandings of technology to understand drip irrigation uptake. Agricultural Systems, 128, 13-24. doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2014.04.003Venot, J.-P., Zwarteveen, M., Kuper, M., Boesveld, H., Bossenbroek, L., Kooij, S. V. D., … Verma, S. (2014). BEYOND THE PROMISES OF TECHNOLOGY: A REVIEW OF THE DISCOURSES AND ACTORS WHO MAKE DRIP IRRIGATION. Irrigation and Drainage, 63(2), 186-194. doi:10.1002/ird.1839Soto-García, M., Martínez-Alvarez, V., García-Bastida, P. A., Alcon, F., & Martin-Gorriz, B. (2013). Effect of water scarcity and modernisation on the performance of irrigation districts in south-eastern Spain. Agricultural Water Management, 124, 11-19. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2013.03.019Playán, E., Salvador, R., López, C., Lecina, S., Dechmi, F., & Zapata, N. (2014). Solid-Set Sprinkler Irrigation Controllers Driven by Simulation Models: Opportunities and Bottlenecks. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 140(1), 04013001. doi:10.1061/(asce)ir.1943-4774.0000653Tarjuelo, J. M., Rodriguez-Diaz, J. A., Abadía, R., Camacho, E., Rocamora, C., & Moreno, M. A. (2015). Efficient water and energy use in irrigation modernization: Lessons from Spanish case studies. Agricultural Water Management, 162, 67-77. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2015.08.009Informe Del Sector Agrari Valencià 2019: València: Generalitat Valenciana 2021 http://www.agroambient.gva.es/va/informes-del-sector-agrario-valencianoPlan Hidrológico de la Cuenca Del Júcar 2015–2021 https://www.chj.es/es-es/medioambiente/planificacionhidrologica/Paginas/PHC-2015–2021-Plan-Hidrologico-cuenca.aspxPlan Hidrológico de la Demarcación Del Segura 2015–2021 https://www.chsegura.es/es/cuenca/planificacion/planificacion-2015–2021/plan-hidrologico-2015–2021/index.htmlMaster Plan for the Modernization of Irrigation in the Valencia Region, DECRETO 13/1995 de 10 de Enero, Del Gobierno Valenciano, Por El Que Se Aprueba El Plan Director de Modernización Del Regadío de la Comunidad http://www.dogv.gva.es/portal/ficha_disposicion_pc.jsp?sig=0185/1995&L=1Scheierling, S. M., Young, R. A., & Cardon, G. E. (2006). Public subsidies for water-conserving irrigation investments: Hydrologic, agronomic, and economic assessment. Water Resources Research, 42(3). doi:10.1029/2004wr003809Ward, F. A., & Pulido-Velazquez, M. (2008). Water conservation in irrigation can increase water use. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(47), 18215-18220. doi:10.1073/pnas.0805554105Pfeiffer, L., & Lin, C.-Y. C. (2014). Does efficient irrigation technology lead to reduced groundwater extraction? Empirical evidence. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 67(2), 189-208. doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2013.12.002Dagnino, M., & Ward, F. A. (2012). Economics of Agricultural Water Conservation: Empirical Analysis and Policy Implications. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 28(4), 577-600. doi:10.1080/07900627.2012.665801A Blueprint to Safeguard Europe’s Water Resources, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions 2012 https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52012DC0673&from=ENSanchis-Ibor, C., García-Mollá, M., & Avellà-Reus, L. (2016). Effects of drip irrigation promotion policies on water use and irrigation costs in Valencia, Spain. Water Policy, 19(1), 165-180. doi:10.2166/wp.2016.025LIU, B., MEI, X., LI, Y., & YANG, Y. (2007). The Connotation and Extension of Agricultural Water Resources Security. Agricultural Sciences in China, 6(1), 11-16. doi:10.1016/s1671-2927(07)60011-xMalekian, A., Hayati, D., & Aarts, N. (2017). Conceptualizations of water security in the agricultural sector: Perceptions, practices, and paradigms. Journal of Hydrology, 544, 224-232. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.11.026Swyngedouw, E. (2013). Into the Sea: Desalination as Hydro-Social Fix in Spain. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 103(2), 261-270. doi:10.1080/00045608.2013.754688Swyngedouw, E., & Williams, J. (2016). From Spain’s hydro-deadlock to the desalination fix. Water International, 41(1), 54-73. doi:10.1080/02508060.2016.1107705Análisis y Evaluación de Las Relaciones Entre El Agua y la Energía, Papeles de Agua Virtual 6, Madrid: Fundación Botín https://www.fundacionbotin.org/89dguuytdfr276ed_uploads/Observatorio%20Tendencias/PUBLICACIONES/MONOGRAFIAS/PAV/PAV6.pdfHardy, L., Garrido, A., & Juana, L. (2012). Evaluation of Spain’s Water-Energy Nexus. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 28(1), 151-170. doi:10.1080/07900627.2012.642240Mayor, B., López-Gunn, E., Villarroya, F. I., & Montero, E. (2015). Application of a water–energy–food nexus framework for the Duero river basin in Spain. Water International, 40(5-6), 791-808. doi:10.1080/02508060.2015.1071512La Subida de Las Tarifas Eléctricas Ahoga a Los Regantes Españoles Iagua https://www.iagua.es/noticias/tarifas/14/02/11/la-factura-electrica-de-los-regantes-se-ha-incrementado-en-mas-de-un-80-desde-2008-45084González-Pavón, C., Arviza-Valverde, J., Balbastre-Peralta, I., Carot Sierra, J. M., & Palau-Salvador, G. (2020). Are Water User Associations Prepared for a Second-Generation Modernization? The Case of the Valencian Community (Spain). Water, 12(8), 2136. doi:10.3390/w12082136Agrawal, A. (2001). Common Property Institutions and Sustainable Governance of Resources. World Development, 29(10), 1649-1672. doi:10.1016/s0305-750x(01)00063-8Wheeler, S. A., Carmody, E., Grafton, R. Q., Kingsford, R. T., & Zuo, A. (2020). The rebound effect on water extraction from subsidising irrigation infrastructure in Australia. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 159, 104755. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104755Grafton, R. Q., Williams, J., Perry, C. J., Molle, F., Ringler, C., Steduto, P., … Allen, R. G. (2018). The paradox of irrigation efficiency. Science, 361(6404), 748-750. doi:10.1126/science.aat931

Catalytically Active Imine-based Covalent Organic Frameworks for Detoxification of Nerve Agent Simulants in Aqueous Media

A series of imine-based covalent organic frameworks decorated in their cavities with di erent alkynyl, pyrrolidine, and N-methylpyrrolidine functional groups have been synthetized. These materials exhibit catalytic activity in aqueous media for the hydrolytic detoxification of nerve agents, as exemplified with nerve gas simulant diisopropylfluorophosphate (DIFP). These preliminary results suggest imine-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as promising materials for detoxification of highly toxic molecules.MINECO (MAT2016-77608-C3-1-P and 2-P, CTQ2017-84692-R) and EU FEDER fundin

Hysteroscopic versus histopathological agreement in the diagnosis of chronic endometritis: results from a retrospective observational study

Purpose: To evaluate the agreement rate between hysteroscopy and pathological examination in case of chronic endometritis. Methods: A retrospective observational study carried out at Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Puerta de Hierro Hospital, Autónoma University of Madrid, Spain, from January 2021 to June 2022 was performed by obtaining data from 115 medical records of women who underwent office hysteroscopies that was compared with the findings of final histological examination of endometrial biopsy. Cohen's kappa index was used to evaluate this agreement rate. In addition, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy were obtained. Results: The agreement between hysteroscopic findings and histological examination showed a modest result with a Cohen's kappa index of 34%. In addition, we obtained a specificity of 70% and a sensitivity of 64%. The positive and negative predictive value were 60.8% and 73.4%, respectively. An excellent agreement rate (100%) between histological and hysteroscopic results was observed in presence of hyperemia and micropolyps. Conclusion: Although the sample size is not as large as that of other studies published so far, the first glance of our experience is that hysteroscopic signs are not yet sufficient to make an accurate diagnosis of chronic endometritis, thus requiring a histopathological confirmation to make it

Oxygen reduction using a metal-free naphthalene diimide-based covalent organic framework electrocatalyst

A novel naphthalene diimide-based covalent organic framework (NDI-COF) has been synthesized and successfully exfoliated into COF nanosheets (CONs). Electrochemical measurements reveal that the naphthalene diimide units incorporated into NDI-CONs act as efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction in alkaline media, showing its potential for the development of metal-free fuel cellsFinancial support from the Spanish Government (projects MAT2016-77608-C3-1-P, MAT2016-77608-C3-2-P, CTQ2017-84309-C2-1-R, MAT2017-85089-C2-1-R, FJCI-2017-33536 and RYC-2015-17730), the UCM (INV.GR.00.1819.10759) and the Madrid Regional Government (TRANSNANOAVANSENS-CM (S2018/NMT-4349)) is acknowledge

Role of IAPs in prostate cancer progression: immunohistochemical study in normal and pathological (benign hyperplastic, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer) human prostate

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In this study was investigate IAPs in normal human prostate (NP), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and prostatic carcinoma (PC), and their involvement in apoptosis/proliferation via NF-kB (TNF-α, IL-1) stimulation.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses were performed in 10 samples of normal prostates, 35 samples of BPH, 27 samples diagnosis of PIN (with low-grade PIN or high-grade PIN) and 95 samples of PC (with low, medium or high Gleason grades).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In NP, cytoplasm of epithelial cells were positive to c-IAP1/2 (80% of samples), c-IAP-2 (60%), ILP (20%), XIAP (20%); negative to NAIP and survivin. In BPH, epithelial cells were immunostained to c-IAP1/2 (57.57%), c-IAP-2 (57.57%), ILP (66.6%), NAIP (60.6%), XIAP (27.27%), survivin (9.1%). Whereas low-grade PIN showed intermediate results between NP and BPH; results in high-grade PIN were similar to those found in PC. In PC, epithelial cells were immunostained to c-IAP1/2, c-IAP-2, ILP, NAIP, XIAP (no Gleason variation) and survivin (increasing with Gleason).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>IAPs could be involved in prostate disorder (BPH, PIN and PC) development since might be provoke inhibition of apoptosis and subsequently cell proliferation. At the same time, different transduction pathway such as IL-1/NIK/NF-kB or TNF/NF-kB (NIK or p38) also promotes proliferation. Inhibitions of IAPs, IL-1α and TNFα might be a possible target for PC treatment since IAPs are the proteins that inhibited apoptosis (favour proliferation) and IL-1α and TNFα would affect all the transduction pathway involucrate in the activation of transcription factors related to survival or proliferation (NF-kB, Elk-1 or ATF-2).</p