Semi-device-independent certification of quantum non-Markovianity using sequential Random Access Codes

The characterization of multi-time correlations in open quantum systems is of fundamental importance. In this work, we investigate multi-time processes using the process matrix formalism and show that the presence of a quantum non-Markovian environment plays a significant role in enhancing the communication capacity in sequential prepare-transform-measure Quantum Random Access Codes (QRAC). The correlated environment enables a quantum advantage to multiple parties, even with projective measurements. In particular, we show that the Markovian and classical non-Markovian processes, i.e. quantum processes with classical feedback from the environment, do not yield sequential quantum advantage. In contrast, it is possible to achieve an advantage in the presence of a quantum non-Markovian environment. Therefore this approach allows a semi-device-independent certification of quantum non-Markovianity. As opposed to entanglement-detection criteria which require the knowledge of the complete process, this method allows to certify the presence of a quantum non-Markovian environment from the observed measurement statistics. Moreover, quantum memory ameliorates the unambiguous certifiable region of unsharp instruments in a semi-device-independent manner.Comment: 16 Pages, 9 figure

Unveiling Eigenstate Thermalization for Non-Hermitian systems

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) has been highly influential in explaining thermodynamic behavior of closed quantum systems. As of yet, it is unclear whether and how the ETH applies to non-Hermitian systems. Here, we introduce a framework that extends the ETH to non-Hermitian systems. It hinges on a suitable choice of basis composed of right eigenvectors of the non-Hermitian model, a choice we motivate based on physical arguments. In this basis, and after correctly accounting for the nonorthogonality of non-Hermitian eigenvectors, expectation values of local operators reproduce the well-known ETH prediction for Hermitian systems. We illustrate the validity of the modified framework on non-Hermitian random-matrix and Sachdev--Ye--Kitaev models. Our results thus generalize the ETH to the non-Hermitian setting, and they illustrate the importance of the correct choice of basis to evaluate physical properties.Comment: 5+5 pages, 3+3 figure

Splitting of singly and doubly quantized composite vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

We study numerically the dynamical instabilities and splitting of singly and doubly quantized composite vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates harmonically confined to quasi two dimensions. In this system, the vortices become pointlike composite defects that can be classified in terms of an integer pair (kappa(1), kappa(2)) of phase winding numbers. Our simulations based on zero-temperature mean-field theory reveal several vortex splitting behaviors that stem from the multicomponent nature of the system and do not have direct counterparts in single-component condensates. By calculating the Bogoliubov excitations of stationary axisymmetric composite vortices, we find nonreal excitation frequencies (i.e., dynamical instabilities) for the singly quantized (1, 1) and (1, -1) vortices and for all variants of doubly quantized vortices, which we define by the condition max(j=1,2) vertical bar kappa(j)vertical bar= 2. While the short-time predictions of the linear Bogoliubov analysis are confirmed by direct time integration of the Gross-Pitaevskii equations of motion, the time integration also reveals intricate long-time decay behavior not captured by the linearized dynamics. First, the (1, +/- 1) vortex is found to be unstable against splitting into a (1, 0) vortex and a (0, +/- 1) vortex. Second, the (2, 1) vortex exhibits a two-step decay process in which its initial splitting into a (2, 0) vortex and a (0, 1) vortex is followed by the off-axis splitting of the (2, 0) vortex into two (1, 0) vortices. Third, the (2, -2) vortex is observed to split into a (-1, 1) vortex, three (1, 0) vortices, and three (0, -1) vortices. Each of these splitting processes is the dominant decay mechanism of the respective stationary composite vortex for a wide range of intercomponent interaction strengths and relative populations of the two condensate components and should be amenable to experimental detection. Our results contribute to a better understanding of vortex physics, hydrodynamic instabilities, and two-dimensional quantum turbulence in multicomponent superfluids.Peer reviewe

Chronic inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome: A case–control study using multiple markers

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance and elevated risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Chronic inflammation has been observed in PCOS in several studies but there is also opposing evidence and a dearth of research in Indians. Objective: To estimate chronic inflammation in PCOS and find its relationship with appropriate anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Materials and Methods: Chronic inflammation was assessed in 30 women with PCOS (Group A) and 30 healthy controls (Group B) with highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and platelet microparticles (PMP). In group A, the relationship of chronic inflammation with insulin resistance, waist hip ratio (WHR) serum testosterone, and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) were examined. Results: In group A, the hsCRP, TNFα, and PMP were significantly elevated compared to group B. However, IL-6 level was similar between the groups. In group A, PMP showed a significant positive correlation with waist-hip ratio and serum testosterone. IL-6 showed a significant positive correlation with insulin sensitivity and significant negative correlation with insulin resistance and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase. Conclusion: PCOS is associated with chronic inflammation and PMP correlates positively with central adiposity and biochemical hyperandrogenism in women with PCOS. Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Inflammation, C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6, Tumor necrosis factor, Microparticles

Observation of multiple doubly degenerate bands in Tl-195

The High-spin states in 195Tl, populated through the 185,187Re(13C, xn) fusion evaporation reaction at the beam energy of 75 MeV, were studied using the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA). More than 50 new γ transitions have been placed in the proposed level scheme which is extended up to the excitation energy of ≈ 5.6 MeV and spin. Two pairs of degenerate bands based on two different quasi-particle configurations have been identified in this nucleus indicating the first observation of such bands in an odd-A nucleus in region and signify the first evidence of multiple chiral bands in a nucleus in this region. The total Routhian surface calculations predict triaxial shapes for both the configurations and thereby, support the experimental observation. The importance of multiple neutron holes in the orbital and the stability of shapes for these two configurations have been discussed.Financial support of Department of Science & Technology, Govt. of India for clover detectors of INGA (Grant No. IR/S2/PF-03/2003-II) is greatfully acknowledged. One of the authors (S. Bhattacharya) acknowledges with thanks the financial support received as Raja Ramanna Fellowship from the Department of Atomic Energy, Govt. of India. T.R and Md. A.A acknowledge with thanks the financial support received as research fellows from the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Govt. of India

Green Chemo-Prevention: An Integrated Review Between Agriculture and Medicine

The isothiocyanate's chemoprevention properties are reported to be present in cruciferous veggies through a variety of mechanisms. Sulforaphane, a phytochemical found in green leafy vegetables, has shown promise in the prevention and treatment of several cancers, including those of the prostate, breast, colon, skin, urinary bladder, and oral cavities. These malignancies include those that affect these organs. This substance is naturally present in broccoli sprouts, kale, cabbage, cauliflower, and garden cress. Broccoli should be a regular part of your diet because it contains a variety of bioactive substances such as vitamins, polyphenols, sulfides, glucosinolates, and antioxidants. Sulforaphane may be used as an inexpensive replacement or dietary supplement for chemo preventive therapy, according to the findings of epidemiological and experimental studies. Phase 2 detoxification enzymes like glutathione transferases, epoxide hydrolase, NAD(P)H: quinone reductase, and glucuronosyltransferases, as well as epoxide hydrolase and epoxide hydrolase, are produced when the body is stimulated. This is a useful tactic for preventing cancer and fending off the harm that electrophiles and reactive oxygen species can cause. Isothiocyanates are widely distributed in the Cruciferae family and Brassica genus of food plants, which include both broccoli and cauliflower. The most typical form of these substances is glucosinolate precursors. Sulforaphane and 4-methylsulfinylbutyl isothiocyanate, two of these isothiocyanates, are particularly powerful inducers of phase 2 enzymes. It is feasible to successfully extract glucosinolates and isothiocyanates from plants by homogenizing them at a temperature of around 50 degrees Celsius in a solution of equal parts dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, and acetonitrile. This method avoids the hydrolysis of glucosinolates by myrosinase.   It's interesting to note that glucoraphanin, the precursor to sulforaphane, is 10–100 times more abundant in 3-day-old sprouts of various cruciferous vegetables, including broccoli and cauliflower than it is in fully grown veggies. Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-treated rats displayed notable reductions in mammary tumor occurrence, quantity, and rate of growth when fed extracts from 3-day-old broccoli sprouts. These extracts' primary enzyme-inducing components were either glucoraphanin or sulforaphane. As a result, crucifer sprouts might provide an equivalent amount of cancer prevention to eating far larger quantities of the same mature vegetable species

Effect of neutron alignments on the structure of Tl 197

The excited states of 197Tl have been studied via 19 Au(4He, 4n)197 Tl reaction at a beam energy of 50 MeV from the K-130 cyclotron at the Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC). The γ rays were detected using the VECC array for Nuclear Spectroscopy (VENUS) with six Compton-suppressed clover HPGe detectors. An improved level scheme of 197 Tl has been proposed from this work, which has been extended to 5.1 MeV of excitation energy and 39/2 ℏ of spin from the placement of 28 new γ-ray transitions. Band crossings in the known one- and three-quasiparticle (qp) bands have been identified for the first time in this work. Two new bands, based on 3-qp and 5-qp configurations, have been observed for the first time in this nucleus; both of which are identified as the magnetic rotational (MR) in nature. The excitation energies of these bands are similar to that of the doubly degenerate bands observed for the similar 3-qp and 5-qp configurations in 195 Tl. These indicate a transition from an aplanar geometry of the neutron, proton, and the core angular momentum vectors to a planar one for neutron number N≥116 in Tl isotopes. The total Routhian surface calculations suggest a change in shape from oblate for the 1-qp configuration to a near-spherical one for the 3- and 5-qp configurations. This is consistent with the observed MR nature of the bands with multi-qp configuration. The MR bands are well reproduced by a model calculations in the frame work of the shears mechanism with the principal axis cranking.One of the authors (H.P.) is grateful for the support from the Ramanujan Fellowship Research Grant under SERB-DST Grant No. SB/S2/RJN-031/2016

Observation of multiple doubly degenerate bands in ¹⁹⁵Tl

The High-spin states in 195 Tl, populated through the 185,187 Re( 13 C, xn) fusion evaporation reaction at the beam energy of 75 MeV, were studied using the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA). More than 50 new γ transitions have been placed in the proposed level scheme which is extended up to the excitation energy of ≈ 5.6 MeV and spin =22.5ħ . Two pairs of degenerate bands based on two different quasi-particle configurations have been identified in this nucleus indicating the first observation of such bands in an odd- A nucleus in A∼190 region and signify the first evidence of multiple chiral bands in a nucleus in this region. The total Routhian surface calculations predict triaxial shapes for both the configurations and thereby, support the experimental observation. The importance of multiple neutron holes in the i13/2 orbital and the stability of shapes for these two configurations have been discussed.Financial support of Department of Science & Technology, Govt. of India for clover detectors of INGA (Grant No. IR/S2/PF-03/2003-II) is greatfully acknowledged. One of the authors (S. Bhattacharya) acknowledges with thanks the financial support received as Raja Ramanna Fellowship from the Department of Atomic Energy, Govt. of India. T.R and Md. A.A acknowledge with thanks the financial support received as research fellows from the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Govt. of India

Modeling Neuron for Simulation of Transmitter Gated Ion Channels of Postsynaptic Membrane at Synaptic Cleft

Abstract The variable conductance of postsynaptic membrane of neuron dependence on the neurotransmitterreceptor binding activity is represented by ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET). ISFET functions not only as a voltage controlled conductance but can also be converted into an enzyme modified field effect transistor (ENFET) and therefore can provide a means of measurement of specific neurotransmitters that bind with the receptor sites of postsynaptic membrane. This analog is incorporated into the Hodgkin-Huxley (H-H) model of neuron to substitute the variable Na + and Cl -conductances. Simulation is performed in MATLAB environment both for excitatory and inhibitory states and results are presented

Modeling Neuron for Simulation of Transmitter Gated Ion Channels of Postsynaptic Membrane at Synaptic Cleft

Abstract The variable conductance of postsynaptic membrane of neuron dependence on the neurotransmitterreceptor binding activity is represented by ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET). ISFET functions not only as a voltage controlled conductance but can also be converted into an enzyme modified field effect transistor (ENFET) and therefore can provide a means of measurement of specific neurotransmitters that bind with the receptor sites of postsynaptic membrane. This analog is incorporated into the Hodgkin-Huxley (H-H) model of neuron to substitute the variable Na + and Cl -conductances. Simulation is performed in MATLAB environment both for excitatory and inhibitory states and results are presented