Προαγωνιστικό άγχος στο άθλημα του Tae Kwon Do

Σκοπός της έρευνας ήταν να μελετήσει πώς επιδρά το άγχος των αθλητών στο άθλημα του TAE KWON DO. Συγκεκριμένα, αρχικά αναλύθηκε η έννοια, η σημασία και οι επιδράσεις που έχει το άγχος στην ανθρώπινη καθημερινότητα αλλά και στην υγεία. Έπειτα αναλύθηκε το άθλημα του TAE KWON DO και πώς το άγχος μπορεί να επηρεάσει το άτομο να αποδώσει αγωνιστικά και να εξελιχθεί σε αυτό. Τέλος βαρύτητα δόθηκε στο πώς το άγχος επηρεάζει τον αθλητή του συγκεκριμένου αθλήματος μιας και από μόνο του το άθλημα αυτό είναι ιδιαίτερα στρεσογόνο. Ο αθλητής ιδιαίτερα πριν από κάθε αγώνα έχει αυξημένο άγχος προκειμένου να μπορέσει να προκριθεί με επιτυχία αλλά και λόγω της ανησυχίας ενός πιθανού τραυματισμού. Η εργασία ήταν ανασκοπική και αναπτύχθηκε μέσα από κριτική θεώρηση συγκεκριμένων βιβλιογραφικών πηγών/άρθρων για το συγκεκριμένο θέμα.The aim of the research was to study how the stress of athletes affects the sport of TAE KWON DO. Specifically, the concept, importance and effects of stress on human daily life and health were initially analyzed. The sport of TAE KWON DO was then analyzed and how stress can affect the individual to perform competitively and develop in it. Finally, emphasis was placed on how stress affects the athlete of the specific sport since this sport alone is particularly stressful. The athlete especially before each race has increased stress in order to be able to qualify successfully but also due to the concern of a possible injury. The work was reviewed and developed through a critical review of specific bibliographic sources / articles on the specific topic

A Kidney Biopsy Simulation Training Program for Renal Fellows: Two Years of Results

Renal interventions could re-foster interest in Nephrology and attract more medical graduates. Percutaneous kidney biopsy (PKB) is an important diagnostic tool and should be taught through simulation. We initiated a PKB simulation training program and designed a 2-year study to examine its effect on the confidence level, the procedural competence and the satisfaction with this training of Nephrology fellows compared to historical controls. All fellows were consented and trained at UNM’s simulation center (BATCAVE) with a simulation training model (CAE Healthcare Blue PhantomTM). Trainees’ demographics and previous PKB experience were collected. We utilized pre-assigned readings, online videos and hands-on simulation practice. Performance of each trainee during each session was graded with a procedural competence evaluation form. Drs. JO and MER were present in all sessions and completed these forms. Each session lasted 1 to 1-1 1/2 h. Pre-and post-simulation surveys evaluated the participants’ confidence level quantitatively on a 5-point Likert scale. All participants completed the satisfaction with PKB simulation experience scale (PKB-SSE). All three 1st and 2nd year renal fellows completed the simulation training in 2018 and two first year fellows completed the training in 2019. Independent of their previous experience on PKBs all renal fellows expressed a high level of satisfaction from their participation (4 to 5) and increased their confidence level. This year’s trainees increased their performance level from 2 to 5 and from 1 to 5, respectively. PKB simulation may improve trainees’ confidence level and their satisfaction with the training. The procedural competence of the trainees on PKBs will be evaluated during the 2nd year of their fellowship and will be compared to the procedural competence of historical controls. We expect that the simulation training will reduce the discomfort and minimize the adverse PKB outcomes in patients undergoing PKB in UNMH

Fluid balance concepts in medicine: Principles and practice.

The regulation of body fluid balance is a key concern in health and disease and comprises three concepts. The first concept pertains to the relationship between total body water (TBW) and total effective solute and is expressed in terms of the tonicity of the body fluids. Disturbances in tonicity are the main factor responsible for changes in cell volume, which can critically affect brain cell function and survival. Solutes distributed almost exclusively in the extracellular compartment (mainly sodium salts) and in the intracellular compartment (mainly potassium salts) contribute to tonicity, while solutes distributed in TBW have no effect on tonicity. The second body fluid balance concept relates to the regulation and measurement of abnormalities of sodium salt balance and extracellular volume. Estimation of extracellular volume is more complex and error prone than measurement of TBW. A key function of extracellular volume, which is defined as the effective arterial blood volume (EABV), is to ensure adequate perfusion of cells and organs. Other factors, including cardiac output, total and regional capacity of both arteries and veins, Starling forces in the capillaries, and gravity also affect the EABV. Collectively, these factors interact closely with extracellular volume and some of them undergo substantial changes in certain acute and chronic severe illnesses. Their changes result not only in extracellular volume expansion, but in the need for a larger extracellular volume compared with that of healthy individuals. Assessing extracellular volume in severe illness is challenging because the estimates of this volume by commonly used methods are prone to large errors in many illnesses. In addition, the optimal extracellular volume may vary from illness to illness, is only partially based on volume measurements by traditional methods, and has not been determined for each illness. Further research is needed to determine optimal extracellular volume levels in several illnesses. For these reasons, extracellular volume in severe illness merits a separate third concept of body fluid balance

Sleep and Fatigue Symptoms in Children and Adolescents With CKD: A Cross-sectional Analysis From the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study

Although symptoms of sleepiness and fatigue are common among adults with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), little is known about the prevalence of these symptoms in children with CKD

A Kidney Biopsy Simulation Program for Nephrology Fellows: The Phantom Project

A proposed curriculum development plan providing an educational and instruction tool for Nephrology fellows. During the two-year fellowship program Nephrology fellows will perform real-time ultrasound-guided kidney biopsies using a simulation tool

Simulated β₂M concentrations at different levels of residual renal clearance and dialysis regimes.

<p>LF: Low Flux Dialysis, HF: High Flux Dialysis, SD: Short Daily Dialysis with High Flux dialyzers (6 times a week, ~ 2 ½ hrs per session), LD: Long Daily Dialysis with High Flux dialyzers (6 times a week, 6 ⅓ hrs per session), HDF = postdilution online hemodiafiltration.</p

Data from: Low serum sodium levels at hospital admission: outcomes among 2.3 million hospitalized patients

Background: Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder among hospitalized patients. Controversies still exist over the relationship between hyponatremia and outcomes of hospitalized patients. Methods: To analyze the association of low serum sodium levels at hospital admission with in-hospital mortality and patient disposition and to compare the distribution of the risk of death associated with hyponatremia across the lifespan of hospitalized patients, we conducted an observational study of 2.3 million patients using data extracted from the Cerner Health Facts database between 2000 and 2014. Logistic regression models were used in the analyses. Results: At hospital admission 14.4% of hospitalized patients had serum sodium levels [Na] <135 mEq/L. In adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, we found that the risk of in-hospital mortality significantly increases for [Na] levels < 135 or ≥143 to ≤145 mEq/L compared to the reference interval of 140 to <143 mEq/L (p<0.001). We observed similar trends for the relationship between [Na] levels and discharge to hospice or to a nursing facility. We demonstrated that younger age groups (18 to <45, 45 to <65) had a higher risk of in-hospital mortality compared to older age groups (65 to <75, ≥75) for [Na] levels <130 mEq/L or 143 to ≤145 mEq/L (p<0.001). Conclusions: Hyponatremia is common among hospitalized patients and is significantly associated with in-hospital mortality, discharge to hospice or to a nursing facility. The risk of death and other outcomes was more evident for [Na] <135 mEq/L. The mortality associated with low [Na] was significantly higher in younger versus older patients