689 research outputs found
Communications Biophysics
Contains reports on two research projects.National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 P01 GM14940-05
Neutron star interiors and the equation of state of ultra-dense matter
There has been much recent progress in our understanding of quark matter,
culminating in the discovery that if such matter exists in the cores of neutron
stars it ought to be in a color superconducting state. This paper explores the
impact of superconducting quark matter on the properties (e.g., masses, radii,
surface gravity, photon emission) of compact stars.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figures; Paper presented at the Int. Conf. on Quark
Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum VII, Ponta Delgada, Acores, 2-7 September
2006; to be published by AI
Is a soft nuclear equation of state extracted from heavy-ion data incompatible with pulsar data?
We discuss the recent constraints on the nuclear equation of state from
pulsar mass measurements and from subthreshold production of kaons in heavy-ion
collisions. While recent pulsar data points towards a hard equation of state,
the analysis of the heavy-ion data allows only for soft equations of state. We
resolve the apparent contradiction by considering the different density regimes
probed. We argue that future measurements of global properties of low-mass
pulsars can serve as an excellent cross-check to heavy-ion data.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, contribution to the proceedings of the
international conference on 'Nuclear Physics in Astrophysics III', Dresden,
Germany, March 26-31, 2007, minor corrections to match published version, JPG
in pres
Angioplasty (POBA) Versus Stenting for Superficial Femoral/Popliteal Disease: Late Outcomes Are Equivalent
The ALMA detection of CO rotational line emission in AGB stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Context. Low- and intermediate-mass stars lose most of their stellar mass at the end of their lives on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB). Determining gas and dust mass-loss rates (MLRs) is important in quantifying the contribution of evolved stars to the enrichment of the interstellar medium.
Aims: This study attempts to spectrally resolve CO thermal line emission in a small sample of AGB stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC).
Methods: The Atacama Large Millimeter Array was used to observe two OH/IR stars and four carbon stars in the LMC in the CO J = 2-1 line.
Results: We present the first measurement of expansion velocities in extragalactic carbon stars. All four C stars are detected and wind expansion velocities and stellar velocities are directly measured. Mass-loss rates are derived from modelling the spectral energy distribution and Spitzer/IRS spectrum with the DUSTY code. The derived gas-to-dust ratios allow the predicted velocities to agree with the observed gas-to-dust ratios. The expansion velocities and MLRs are compared to a Galactic sample of well-studied relatively low MLRs stars supplemented with extreme C stars with properties that are more similar to the LMC targets. Gas MLRs derived from a simple formula are significantly smaller than those derived from dust modelling, indicating an order of magnitude underestimate of the estimated CO abundance, time-variable mass loss, or that the CO intensities in LMC stars are lower than predicted by the formula derived for Galactic objects. This could be related to a stronger interstellar radiation field in the LMC.
Conclusions: Although the LMC sample is small and the comparison to Galactic stars is non-trivial because of uncertainties in their distances (hence luminosities), it appears that for C stars the wind expansion velocities in the LMC are lower than in the solar neighbourhood, while the MLRs appear to be similar. This is in agreement with dynamical dust-driven wind models
Incentives as connectors : insights into a breastfeeding incentive intervention in a disadvantaged area of North-West England
PMID: 22458841 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] PMCID: PMC3414740 Free PMC ArticlePeer reviewedPublisher PD
Recommended from our members
Accommodation and vergence response gains to different near cues characterize specific esotropias
Aim. To describe preliminary findings of how the profile of the use of blur, disparity and proximal cues varies between non-strabismic groups and those with different types of esotropia.
Design. Case control study
Methodology. A remote haploscopic photorefractor measured simultaneous convergence and accommodation to a range of targets containing all combinations of binocular disparity, blur and proximal (looming) cues. 13 constant esotropes, 16 fully accommodative esotropes, and 8 convergence excess esotropes were compared with age and refractive error matched controls, and 27 young adult emmetropic controls. All wore full refractive correction if not emmetropic. Response AC/A and CA/C ratios were also assessed.
Results. Cue use differed between the groups. Even esotropes with constant suppression and no binocular vision (BV) responded to disparity in cues. The constant esotropes with weak BV showed trends for more stable responses and better vergence and accommodation than those without any BV. The accommodative esotropes made less use of disparity cues to drive accommodation (p=0.04) and more use of blur to drive vergence (p=0.008) than controls. All esotropic groups failed to show the strong bias for better responses to disparity cues found in the controls, with convergence excess esotropes favoring blur cues. AC/A and CA/C ratios existed in an inverse relationship in the different groups. Accommodative lag of >1.0D at 33cm was common (46%) in the pooled esotropia groups compared with 11% in typical children (p=0.05).
Conclusion. Esotropic children use near cues differently from matched non-esotropic children in ways characteristic to their deviations. Relatively higher weighting for blur cues was found in accommodative esotropia compared to matched controls
The health of women and girls determines the health and well-being of our modern world: A White Paper From the International Council on Women's Health Issues
The International Council on Women's Health Issues (ICOWHI) is an international nonprofit association dedicated to the goal of promoting health, health care, and well-being of women and girls throughout the world through participation, empowerment, advocacy, education, and research. We are a multidisciplinary network of women's health providers, planners, and advocates from all over the globe. We constitute an international professional and lay network of those committed to improving women and girl's health and quality of life. This document provides a description of our organization mission, vision, and commitment to improving the health and well-being of women and girls globally
The prescribing of prisms in clinical practice
The use of prisms in cases of decompensated heterophoria is an established treatment modality. The clinical literature lacks consensus upon the appropriate use of prisms, and fails to provide the necessary evidence base. While the experimental literature can guide the practitioner, the lack of double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical studies needs to be addressed
- âŠ