The allocation between EU member states of seats in the European Parliament

This note contains the recommendation for a mathematical basis for the apportionment of the seats in the European Parliament between the Member States of the European Union. This is the unanimous recommendation of the Participants in the Cambridge Apportionment Meeting, held at the instigation of the Committee on Constitutional Affairs at the Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, on 28–29 January 2011

Critical slowing down in the geometrically frustrated pyrochlore antiferromagnet Gd_2Ti_2O_7

Longitudinal-field muon spin relaxation experiments have been carried out in the paramagnetic state of single-crystal Gd_2Ti_2O_7 just above the phase transition at T_m = 1.0 K. At high applied fields the exponential relaxation time T_1 is proportional to field, whereas T_1 saturates below a crossover field B_c that is ~2.5 T at 1.5 K and decreases as T_m is approached. At low fields the relaxation rate increases markedly as the freezing temperature is approached, as expected for critical slowing down of the spin fluctuations, but the increase is suppressed by applied field. This behavior is consistent with the very long autocorrelation function cutoff time implied by the low value of B_c.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to 10th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation, and Resonance, Oxford, UK, August 200

The allocation between the EU member states of the seats in the European Parliament Cambridge Compromise

This Note contains the recommendation for a mathematical basis for the apportionment of the seats in the European Parliament between the Member States of the European Union. This is the unanimous recommendation of the Participants in the Cambridge Apportionment Meeting, held at the instigation of the Committee on Constitutional Affairs at the Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, on 28-29 January 2011.Proportional Representation, degressive proportionality, apportionment, European Parliament. Classification

Tidal Disruption Events from the Combined Effects of Two-Body Relaxation and the Eccentric Kozai-Lidov Mechanism

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) take place when a star ventures too close to a supermassive black hole (SMBH) and becomes ruptured. One of the leading proposed physical mechanisms often invoked in the literature involves weak two-body interactions experienced by the population of stars within the host SMBH's sphere of influence, commonly referred to as two-body relaxation. This process can alter the angular momentum of stars at large distances and place them into nearly radial orbits, thus driving them to disruption. On the other hand, gravitational perturbations from an SMBH companion via the eccentric Kozai-Lidov (EKL) mechanism have also been proposed as a promising stellar disruption channel. Here we demonstrate that the combination of EKL and two-body relaxation in SMBH binaries is imperative for building a comprehensive picture of the rates of TDEs. Here we explore how the density profile of the surrounding stellar distribution and the binary orbital parameters of an SMBH companion influence the rate of TDEs. We show that this combined channel naturally produces disruptions at a rate that is consistent with observations and also naturally forms repeated TDEs, where a bound star is partially disrupted on multiple orbits. Recent observations show stars being disrupted in short-period orbits, which is challenging to explain when these mechanisms are considered independently. However, the diffusive effect of two-body relaxation, combined with the secular nature of the eccentricity excitations from EKL, is found to drive stars on short eccentric orbits at a much higher rate

The allocation between the EU member states of the seats in the European Parliament Cambridge Compromise

This Note contains the recommendation for a mathematical basis for the apportionment of the seats in the European Parliament between the Member States of the European Union. This is the unanimous recommendation of the Participants in the Cambridge Apportionment Meeting, held at the instigation of the Committee on Constitutional Affairs at the Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, on 28-29 January 2011

The Reach of a Long-Arm Stapler: Calling in Microaggressions in the LIS Field through Zine Work

Since its inception in March 2014, the LIS Microaggressions project (www.lismicroaggressions.com) has grown as an online source and zine publication for library and information science (LIS) workers from marginalized communities to share their experiences with microaggressions in the workplace. This article will examine the project’s efforts to move conversations on diversity, race, racism, and antiracism in the LIS field to transgressive and actionable steps. Through conference presentations, zine-making workshops, and distribution of zines at LIS conferences, the LIS Microaggressions collective wishes to “call in” or otherwise actively engage the LIS profession for critical reflection and analysis about microaggressions in the workplace with the ultimate goal of fostering support and a participatory community for library workers dealing with microaggressions

CYP2D6 Allele Frequency in Five Malaria Vivax Endemic Areas From Brazilian Amazon Region

Funding Information: We acknowledge the participants in the study, without whom this research could not have been done. For laboratorial support the authors wish to show their appreciation to Gabriel Barbosa de Abreu (in memorian). To Norman Ratcliffe for the English revision of this manuscript. Part of this work is described in a Master?s Dissertation by PS, conducted at the Applied Microbiology and Parasitology Post-graduation Program, Federal Fluminense University. Publisher Copyright: © Copyright © 2021 Salles, Perce-da-Silva, Rossi, Raposo, Ramirez Ramirez, Pereira Bastos, Pratt-Riccio, Cassiano, Baptista, Cardoso, Banic and Machado.Genetic variability was linked with individual responses to treatment and susceptibility to malaria by Plasmodium vivax. Polymorphisms in the CYP2D6 gene may modulate enzyme level and activity, thereby affecting individual responses to pharmacological treatment. The aim of the study was to investigate whether or not CYP2D6 single nucleotide polymorphisms rs1065852, rs38920-97, rs16947 and rs28371725 are unequally distributed in malaria by Plasmodium vivax individuals from the Brazilian Amazon region. The blood samples were collected from 220 unrelated Plasmodium vivax patients from five different endemic areas. Genotyping was performed using SNaPshot® and real-time polymerase chain reaction methods. In all five areas, the rs1065852 (CYP2D6*10, C.100C > T), rs3892097 (CYP2D6*4, 1846C > T) and rs16947 (CYP2D6*2, C.2850G > A), as a homozygous genotype, showed the lowest frequencies. The rs28371725 (CYP2D6*41, 2988G > A) homozygous genotype was not detected, while the allele A was found in a single patient from Macapá region. No deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were found, although a borderline p-value was observed (p = 0.048) for the SNP rs3892097 in Goianésia do Pará, Pará state. No significant associations were detected in these frequencies among the five studied areas. For the SNP rs3892097, a higher frequency was observed for the C/T heterozygous genotype in the Plácido de Castro and Macapá, Acre and Amapá states, respectively. The distribution of the CYP2D6 alleles investigated in the different areas of the Brazilian Amazon is not homogeneous. Further investigations are necessary in order to determine which alleles might be informative to assure optimal drug dosing recommendations based on experimental pharmacogenetics.publishersversionpublishe

Three knowledge representation formalisms for content-based manipulation of documents

Publication CD-ROM. Colloque avec actes et comité de lecture. internationale.International audienceDocuments accessible from the web or from any document base constitute a significant source of knowledge as soon as the document contents can be represented in an appropriate form. This paper presents the ESCRIRE project, whose objective is to compare three knowledge representation (KR) formalisms, namely conceptual graphs, description logics and objects, for representing and manipulating document contents. The comparison relies on the definition of a pivot language based on XML, allowing the design of a domain ontology, document annotations and queries. Each element has a corresponding translation in each KR formalism, that is used for inferencing and answering queries. In this paper, the principles on which relies the ESCRIRE project and the first results from this original experiment are described. An analysis of problems encountered, advantages and drawbacks of each formalism are studied with the emphasis put on the ontology-based annotations of document contents and on the query answering capabilities

Disentangling the effects of post-entry speed of internationalization on INVs’ export performance

This paper aims to explore the under-researched topic of post-entry speed of internationalization (PSI) in the context of international new ventures (INVs). We unbundle PSI and examine its relationship with both financial and non-financial export performance, considering three related, but conceptually distinct, dimensions of PSI: internationalization intensity, spread, and geographical diversity. Building on organizational learning theory, we highlight different mechanisms that contribute to post-entry performance outcomes among INVs. Our findings from a sample of 112 INVs in New Zealand provide evidence that the three dimensions of PSI are distinct and that they have different impacts on financial and non-financial export performance. This paper contributes to the limited, yet growing body of literature on PSI by providing a deeper understanding of PSI and its constituent dimensions. In addition, this study offers new theoretical insights into how and why different dimensions of post-entry speed of internationalization can contribute to stronger export performance