Explaining International Variance in Foreign Bribery Prosecution: A Comparative Case Study

Ion plating is essentially vapor deposition onto a substrate which is the cathode of a glow discharge. The most important characteristic of the technique is that the growing film is subjected to a flux of high energy particles (neutrals and ions). In this study we report information about the effect of ion plating parameters on grain diameter and crystallite size distribution. At a constant potential grain size remains constant with the increase of ion density. On the other hand, at a constant ion density the grain size decreases with the substrate potential increment. Ion bombardment also has an effect on the crystallite size distribution. The ion plated films show a higher degree of uniformity in grain size than vacuum evaporated films. In contrast with vacuum evaporated films, where the grain size is proportional to the thickness, no variation of grain size with film thickness has been observed for the ion‐plated films. Electron diffraction patterns have shown that the orientation remains near random over the entire J and V range studied

Race, Marriage, Markets, Choice, and Some Reflections on is Marriage for White People?

Ni thin films of 1800 Å thick were deposited by ion-plating and designed by photolithography to be used as temperature sensors. The resistive paths were finished with contact Cu welding terminals. After being coated with a protective layer of SiOx, they were subjected to heat stabilization treatments. Small, stable and accurate sensors were obtained.Se depositaron trayectos de película delgada de Ni de 1800 Á de espesor diseñados por fotolitografía para ser usados como sensores de temperatura. Los trayectos resistivos fueron provistos de contactos de Cu para soldar terminales. Después de ser recubiertos con una capa de OSi como protección, fueron sometidos a un tratamiento térmico de estabilización. Se obtuvieron sensores pequeños, estables y precisos

Truth and Reconciliation Commissions: A Needed Force in Alaska?

Truth and Reconciliation Commissions are official, temporary bodies used for communities to come to terms with past violence, promote education and awareness of historic trauma, and to provide recognition and closure for victims and successors. By bringing past issues to light, such commissions promote healing and allow these communities to move forward. Although the Commission on Truth and Reconciliation in South Africa after the Apartheid-era is best known, several similar commissions have been established throughout the globe and within the United States. This paper compares commissions from South Africa, El Salvador, South Korea, and Canada with those that have been established in the United States to examine whether such a commission would be useful in Alaska to address current social problems in the state

Mother-child interaction within the Zone of Proximal Development. Impact of adult educational level and socio-affective proximity on the effectiveness of tutoring.

Abstract de póster presentado a VI International Conference “Early Childhood Care and Education”, Lomonosov Moscow State University –MSU (Moscow, Russia), Mayo 2017.Research problem. Adult-child interaction within the zone of proximal development plays a central role in child cognitive development. The effectiveness of teaching to promote learner competence during a joint problem solving session depends on the accuracy of the zone of proximal development perceived in the mind of the tutor. Therefore, it is related to such variables as the tutor’s educational level (formal education promotes more abstract and flexible mental representations of the cognitive demands of the task) and the socio-affective proximity between interlocutors (shared experiences enable the tutor to determine the zone of sensitivity to instruction and to form a more accurate hypothesis of the child’s level of competence and their need for assistance). Aims and methods. This study aims to estimate the effects of adult educational levels and socio-affective proximity between interlocutors on the effectiveness of informal tutoring. The participants comprised 66 boys and girls aged 3-5 years and 66 women with different educational levels and varying degrees of socio-affective proximity with the child with whom they interacted (mothers who lived with their children, mothers who visited their children at residential care centers, and women previously unknown to the children). Dyadic interaction in a classification task was assessed with microgenetic analysis using a codification system following sociogenetic principles. Results. Educational level does not predict tutoring effectiveness; socio-affective proximity does. Mothers with low educational levels are effective tutors when they maintain a high degree of socio-affective proximity with their children. The principal keys to effective tutoring associated with socio-affective proximity are: a) encouraging the autonomy of the child: avoiding both initial aid when placing each new piece and highest level aid which solves completely the operation; and b) adjusting the assistance provided according to the competence demonstrated by the child: following the contingency rule (especially in the provision of proactive aids), and temporarily tolerating errors, providing the opportunity for the child to become aware of their own mistakes. Conclusion and findings. These findings are noteworthy to design future social intervention programs focused to instruct parents with low educational level on the importance of frequent and appropriate interactions with their children.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Educación en valores. Programa para su desarrollo en la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria

El artículo hace una reflexión sobre la importancia de trabajar los valores en los centros educativos, como una demanda que la sociedad también hace. Después de exponer los temas transversales, a través de los cuales se trabaja la educación en valores con el alumnado, se presenta una propuesta de programación para la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, incluida en el plan de Acción Tutorial, con el objetivo de formar personas autónomas, que sean sensibles y participen socialmente, respetando los derechos humanos