First report of Leptosphaeria biglobosa ‘brassicae’ as causal agent of phoma leaf spot in Brassica napus (Canola) in Argentina

Canola(Brassicanapus L.) is the second largest oilseed crop in the worldproviding 13% of the world´s oil supply. This crop has been grown in Argentinasince the 1930s, and the area devoted to its cultivation varies every year,reaching a maximum of 95000 Ha in the 2012/2013 growing season. Because of theoccurrence of optimal weather conditions and soils with high fertility, theaverage yield in this region is about 2000 kg/Ha. Phoma leaf spot and Phomastem canker are considered the most important and devastating diseases in Brassica napus andother Brassicaespecies [1]. In both cases, the causal agent is a complexof two closely related fungal species, Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa. In Argentina,the presence of L. maculans incanola plants was reported for the first time in 2004 [2], but the existence ofL.biglobosa has not been recorded so far. During the 2015/2016season, we collected several samples with typical Phoma leaf spot symptoms fromcanola plants growing in fields from the north and northeastern regions of the Buenos Aires province.The necrotic lesions were circular to irregularly oval, 8 to 15 mm in diameter,pale brown in the center, grayish green at the margin and characterized withthe presence of pycnidia. Several leaf pieces with lesions were rinsed twicewith deionized sterile water and placed in a humid chamber (90 mm diameterPetri dish with a layer of filter paper soaked in deionized sterile water) during2-3 days to induce the pycnidia to exude cirri of conidia. After this period,one cirrus per sample was transferred onto PDA plates supplemented withantibiotics (15 mg/L streptomycin, 15 mg/L gentamicin and 12 mg/L tetracycline)using an inoculation needle under stereoscopic microscope. Thus, severalisolates were obtained, some of them showing rapid mycelial growth rate andpigment production on PDA medium, as showed by the isolate Tapidor of L. biglobosa thatwe used as control (kindly provided by Professor Bruce Fitt, University ofHertfordshire-UK). In order to confirm the identity of these isolates, a PCRassay using genomic DNA as template was performed to distinguish L. maculans from L. biglobosa withthe species-specific primers LmacR, LmacF,and LbigF ina three-primers strategy described by Gaetan (2005)[3]. These reactions gave a444-bp amplicon as expected for L. biglobosa ´brassicae´.In addition, these results were confirmed by sequencing the nuclear ribosomalinternal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, which showed a 99% of identity withthe sequence of L. biglobosa ´brassicae´at the GenBank database (FO905468). L. biglobosa isolateswere then tested for pathogenicity on the canola cultivars Westar and Bioaureo2286 (Nuseed). With this purpose, cotyledons of 10-day-old seedlings werepricked with a needle, and each wound inoculated with 10 μl ofa conidial suspension (107 42conidia/ml). Sterilized distilled water was used as control. Developing primaryleaves were removed every 2-3 days in order to ensure that cotyledons continueto expand. Fourteen days after inoculation, irregular and brown necroticlesions were visible at the site of inoculation. These cotyledons were detachedand placed in a humid chamber to induce pycnidia formation. After three dayscirri of conidia were transferred to a plate with PDA supplemented with antibioticsas mentioned above. The identity of these isolates of L. biglobosa wereconfirmed by pigment production on PDA medium and by PCR assay usingspecies-specific primers. To our knowledge, this is the first report of L. biglobosa ´brassicae´as a pathogen of canola in Argentina. This finding shows that in Argentina´scanola cropping areas not 50 only L. maculans but alsoL.biglobosa are the causal agents of Phoma leaf spot disease.Fil: Rossi, Franco Rubén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús). Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús); ArgentinaFil: Romero, Fernando Matias. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús). Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús); ArgentinaFil: Garriz, Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús). Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús); ArgentinaFil: Ruiz, Oscar Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús). Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús); Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales; Argentin

An urban walking tour for the recognition of rocks. A new didactic resource for teaching Geology

En las calles de una ciudad es normal encontrar una gran variedad de rocas ornamentales usadas como aplacado en los edificios. Estos tipos de piedras pueden servir para enseñar numerosos conceptos petrográficos y geológicos, de forma muy parecida a como se puede hacer en el campo. Estas observaciones pueden convertirse así en un recurso didáctico inestimable para la enseñanza de la Geología, en distintos niveles educativos. En este trabajo, se proponen actividades prácticas dirigidas a alumnos de 1º Curso del Grado en Educación Primaria (Asignatura de Fundamentos en Ciencias Naturales, Geología) y a 2º Curso del Grado en Ingeniería Civil (Asignatura de Geología Aplicada a la Ingeniería Civil), pero puede adaptarse a cualquier base de conocimiento. Como ejemplo se propone un itinerario por la Avda. Reina Mercedes de Sevilla, donde se han realizado una serie de observaciones que se han recogido en fichas por el profesor, que pueden ser consultadas como referencia de apoyo por parte del alumnado. Para este recurso de aprendizaje se proponen: a) Fase previa a realizar en el aula, para la localización, selección y propuestas de itinerarios. b) Fase de “campo” en la que los alumnos recopilan información de los litotipos y otros materiales encontrados durante la realización del itinerario seleccionado, rellenando fichas y realizando fotografías. c) Fase de aprendizaje en la que de nuevo en el aula, se amplía la información obtenida con bibliografía específica (guías petrográficas, Internet), y se completan las observaciones con aspectos genéticos, procedencia, canteras, acabados, comercialización, etc. Con la información obtenida por los alumnos y la supervisión del profesor se pueden proponer otros itinerarios temáticos por toda la ciudad, que podrían dar lugar a una nueva visión de las calles de Sevilla.The streets of a city show a great variety of ornamental rocks used as construction material. These stones can be used to teach a lot of petrographic and geologic concepts as they can be also seen in the field. These observations constitute an inestimable didactic resource for education in Geology. In this work, we propose practical activities aimed to students of the Primary Education degree (Geology) and Civil Engineer degree (Applied Geology for Civil Engineer), but they can be also adapted to any education level. As an example, an itinerary by the Reina Mercedes Street is proposed. General notes made by the teacher can be used by the students to help to elaborate their own work. The didactical methodology includes the following stages: a) Preliminary stage concerning on the localization, selection and proposal of potential itineraries. b) “Field” stage based on the gathering of observations and recognition of lithotypes and other materials found along the itinerary, taking notes, photographs, etc. c) Learning stage carried out in class using specific bibliography and internet resources to complete the observations with genetic aspects, source area, quarries, finishes, commercialization, etc. With the notes obtained by the students and under the supervision of the teacher, other thematic itineraries can be proposed by the city, which could show a new vision of the streets of Seville

A field trip by the province of Seville through the Geological Time

Uno de los conceptos más difíciles de asimilar en Geología es la relación espacio-tiempo. En este trabajo se proponen una serie de lugares e itinerarios para la observación de materiales y la interpretación de los procesos más significativos que han ocurrido a lo largo de los tiempos geológicos en la provincia de Sevilla. Para ello se han preparado y optimizado itinerarios geológicos para las clases prácticas de campo, dirigidas a alumnos de Grado en Educación Primaria y de Ingeniería Civil. En estos itinerarios se pueden resaltar las unidades de Tiempo geológico, de forma que se presenta a los alumnos una visión cómo si de un viaje en el tiempo se tratara, de cómo y dónde se pueden observar materiales de distintas edades y se establezcan los acontecimientos que ocurrieron durante cada momento de la historia de la Tierra. Se proponen numerosos ejemplos tanto en la Sierra Norte de Sevilla, donde se encuentran las rocas más antiguas (materiales precámbricos y paleozoicos), como en la Sierras al Sur donde es fácil observar materiales mesozoicos y en el valle del Guadalquivir que se presentan los materiales más modernos.One of the most difficult concepts to assimilate in Geology is the relationship between space and time. In this work, we propose several sites and itineraries to observe rocks and to interpret the most significant processes that have occurred through the geological time in the province of Seville. According to this aim, we have prepared and optimized geological field-trips for Primary Education and Civil Engineering students. In these itineraries the chronostratigraphic units are presented to the students as a trip though the time, showing how and where the rocks of different ages can be observed and to establish the events that occurred during every “moment” of the history of the Earth. Many examples are proposed for the Northern Sierra of Seville where the oldest rocks (Precambrian and Paleozoic) of Seville are located, the Southern Sierra where Mesozoic rocks are found and the Guadalquivir Basin that shows Cenozoic materials

Utilization of a healthcare failure mode and effects analysis to identify error sources in the preanalytical phase in two tertiary hospital laboratories

Introduction: The presence of errors in the preanalytical phase is a thoroughly studied problem. A strategy to increase their source detection might be the use of the Healthcare Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (HFMEA). The aim of this study is improving the capacity of identifying sources of error during the preanalytical period in samples provided by primary care clinics (PCC) with the use of the HFMEA as a tool in the laboratories of two tertiary hospitals. Materials and methods: A HFMEA was carried out in each laboratory, by means of the creation of groups of experts with similar characteristics (doctors and nurses from PCC and laboratory, support staff, and laboratory technicians). The Risk Priority Number (RPN) was calculated. Results: Items with elevated RPN were presented in both centers. The highest RPN were in LAB1: “two request notes for a patient” and “the segregation of oncology urgent samples” (both with 384), while in LAB2 was “the lack of information in patients with oral glucose overload test” (RPN 576). Considering the different steps in the preanalytical phase, LAB1 paid attention in sampling, samples reception and the programming in the Laboratory Information System, while LAB2 paid attention in the request form, the appointment system, sampling procedures, transport and reception. Conclusion: The laboratories prioritized the problems differently. However, both centers offer solutions to these possible sources of error. We proposed improvement actions that can be resolved easily, with a low cost for the system, mainly to schedule a specific formative programme and a deep revision of the existing protocols

Development and criterion validity of the COVID-19 anxiety and fear assessment scale: a cross sectional study

Background: The emergence of the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which causes COVID-19 disease, has been a major public health challenge and an increase in the feeling of uncertainty of the population, who is also experiencing an increase in levels of anx iety and fear regarding the COVID-19 disease. Objective: The objective of the study was the construct and criterion validation of the Escala de evaluación de la Ansiedad y MIedo a COVID-19 (AMICO, for its acronym in Spanish) to measure both constructs in the general Spanish population Methods: Descriptive study of psychometric validation. A field study was carried out to execute univariate and bivariate analyses, in addition to the exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis of the scale. For the criteria validity study, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and sensitivity and specificity values were calculated. Results: The study sample was composed of 1036 subjects over 18 years of age, who resided in Spain, where 56.3% were women with a mean age of 48.11 years (SD =15.13). The study of con struct validity reported two factors and 16 items, with a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.92. The scale was concurrently valid with the used gold standard and obtained sensitivity values of 90.48% and specificity values of 76%. Conclusions: The AMICO scale is valid and reliable for assessing the level of anxiety and fear of COVID-19 in the adult Spanish population and is highly sensitive

Metabolic Profiling and Metabolite Correlation Network Analysis Reveal that Fusarium solani Induces Differential Metabolic Responses in Lotus japonicus and Lotus tenuis against Severe Phosphate Starvation

Root fungal endophytes are essential mediators of plant nutrition under mild stress conditions. However, variations in the rhizosphere environment, such as nutrient depletion, could result in a stressful situation for both partners, shifting mutualistic to nonconvenient interactions. Mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes (DSEs) have demonstrated their ability to facilitate phosphate (Pi) acquisition. However, few studies have investigated other plant–fungal interactions that take place in the root environment with regard to phosphate nutrition. In the present research work, we aimed to analyze the effect of extreme Pi starvation and the fungal endophyte Fusarium solani on the model Lotus japonicus and the crop L. tenuis. We conducted metabolomics analysis based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) on plant tissues under optimal conditions, severe Pi starvation and F.solani presence. By combining statistical and correlation network analysis strategies, we demonstrated the differential outcomes of the two plant species against the combination of treatments. The combination of nutritional stress and Fusarium presence activated significant modifications in the metabolism of L. japonicus affecting the levels of sugars, polyols and some amino acids. Our results display potential markers for further inspection of the factors related to plant nutrition and plant–fungal interactions.Fil: Nieva, Amira Susana del Valle. Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology; Alemania. Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst; AlemaniaFil: Romero, Fernando Matias. Universidad Nacional de San Martin. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - la Plata. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus.; ArgentinaFil: Erban, Alexander. Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology; AlemaniaFil: Carrasco, Pedro. Universidad de Valencia; EspañaFil: Ruiz, Oscar Adolfo. Universidad Nacional de San Martin. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - la Plata. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus.; ArgentinaFil: Kopka, Joachim. Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology; Alemani

Preanalytical errors: the professionals’ perspective

This study was aimed at understanding the perspective on preanalytical errors from the point of view of the professionals involved in the preanalytical process. A significant contribution of their specialized knowledge and experience in day-to-day practice for identifying these kinds of mistakes, and their most frequent causes, was expected.It seems evident that weaknesses and threats are closely related to institutional organization aspects and the same is true for positive elements (strengths and opportunities). There is also an important appreciation of the staff’s implication. Staff´s opinions should be taken into account by institution managers, as they offer an approach that is different and complementary to the one traditionally applied, which is purely managerial and therefore not sufficient. The results should be complemented with more updated information. Multidisciplinary cooperation must involve not only professionals from different fields but also with different roles, i.e., managers, in order to obtain results that can be used to improve healthcare, save costs and to guarantee patient’s safety. We will continue with this research line investigating the same questions among primary care staff, in order to assess “the other side of the coin” of this problem.This study was partially supported by project Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) grant PIFIS 1099/12 from “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” Ministerio de Sanidad y Política Social. Gobierno de España. (Health Ministry, Spanish Government).Yes2015-04-0

Applying mobile technologies in the scientific collections knowledge spreading. An example of application in the Geology Museum of the University of Seville

La reciente aparición de dispositivos electrónicos móviles con acceso a internet (tablets, ipads, teléfonos móviles 3G y 4G) abre nuevas posibilidades didácticas y de difusión de colecciones científicas. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en demostrar las ventajas de la utilización de códigos QR (Quick Response) en las exposiciones de colecciones museísticas de historia natural mediante su aplicación en la exposición del Museo de Geología de la Universidad de Sevilla, actualmente en el CITIUS (Centro de Investigación, Tecnología e Innovación de la Universidad de Sevilla). Esta exposición posibilitó que hace un año se creara la página web del Museo, alojada en la web del CITIUS (http://investigacion.us.es/scisi/sgi/exposiciones). En esta página se puede encontrar información actualizada acerca de la exposición. Actualmente se está elaborando una visita virtual a la exposición del CITIUS, así una persona desde su casa o cualquier otro punto de acceso a internet, podrá realizar una visita al museo de forma virtual, accediendo al contenido de las vitrinas, información de los posters o a cualquier otro material que en ese momento esté disponible. Por otra parte, para aquellos que realicen físicamente la visita, cada expositor dispondrá de un código QR que permitirá al visitante ampliar la información de aquello que está viendo en cada momento, guiándole y permitiéndole acceder a una mayor cantidad de información, como datos sobre las colecciones sistemáticas, referencias a ciertos ejemplares significativos, acceso a juegos/actividades, etc. La inclusión de los códigos QR en los productos creados por el propio Museo (paneles, trípticos,..) amplían la información que nos ofrecen, permitiendo interactuar con el visitante y hacer uso del aprendizaje en red y la educación virtual.The recent appearance of electronic devices with technologies that provide access to internet such as tablets, ipads and mobile phones with 3G and 4G is opening a new way to learning and to share the scientific collections. The aim of this research is to demonstrate the advantages of using QR codes (Quick Response) in the exhibition of natural history collections, in particular through its application to the Geology Museum of the University of Seville, currently in the CITIUS (Research, Technology and Innovation Centre of the University of Seville). This exhibition opened in 2011, and facilitated the possibility of creating the web site of the Museum, which is also part of the CITIUS web site (http://investigacion.us.es/scisi/sgi/exposiciones). In this web page it is possible to find updated information about the exhibition. Currently it is taking place the development of a virtual exhibition, therefore anyone with internet access could perform a virtual visit to the Museum, looking directly at the display stands and cabinets, obtaining access to the posters information or to any of the available resources. Also, for people who are physically visiting the Museum, a QR code will be provided in each of the cabinets, to allow the visitors to increase the initial information of the specimens shown. In this form the visitor could access to data about the systematic collections, literature references, significant specimens, and they will also have access to related games and activities. The inclusion of QR codes in each of the products developed at the Museum (posters, leaflets...) are going to increase the information displayed allowing the visitor interaction and making use of the e-learning

Polyamine-mediated mechanisms contribute to oxidative stress tolerance in Pseudomonas syringae

Bacterial phytopathogens living on the surface or within plant tissues may experience oxidative stress because of the triggered plant defense responses. Although it has been suggested that polyamines can defend bacteria from this stress, the mechanism behind this action is not entirely understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of oxidative stress on the polyamine homeostasis of the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae and the functions of these compounds in bacterial stress tolerance. We demonstrated that bacteria respond to H2O2 by increasing the external levels of the polyamine putrescine while maintaining the inner concentrations of this compound as well as the analogue amine spermidine. In line with this, adding exogenous putrescine to media increased bacterial tolerance to H2O2. Deletion of arginine decarboxylase (speA) and ornithine decarboxylate (speC), prevented the synthesis of putrescine and augmented susceptibility to H2O2, whereas targeting spermidine synthesis alone through deletion of spermidine synthase (speE) increased the level of extracellular putrescine and enhanced H2O2 tolerance. Further research demonstrated that the increased tolerance of the ΔspeE mutant correlated with higher expression of H2O2-degrading catalases and enhanced outer cell membrane stability. Thus, this work demonstrates previously unrecognized connections between bacterial defense mechanisms against oxidative stress and the polyamine metabolism.Fil: Solmi, Leandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús). Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús); ArgentinaFil: Rossi, Franco Rubén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús). Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús); ArgentinaFil: Romero, Fernando Matias. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús). Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús); ArgentinaFil: Bach Pages, Marcel. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Preston, Gail M.. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Ruiz, Oscar Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús). Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús); ArgentinaFil: Gárriz, Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús). Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús); Argentin

Inferring the Significance of the Polyamine Metabolism in the Phytopathogenic Bacteria Pseudomonas syringae: A Meta-Analysis Approach

To succeed in plant invasion, phytopathogenic bacteria rely on virulence mechanisms to subvert plant immunity and create favorable conditions for growth. This process requires a precise regulation in the production of important proteins and metabolites. Among them, the family of compounds known as polyamines have attracted considerable attention as they are involved in important cellular processes, but it is not known yet how phytopathogenic bacteria regulate polyamine homeostasis in the plant environment. In the present study, we performed a meta-analysis of publicly available transcriptomic data from experiments conducted on bacteria to begin delving into this topic and better understand the regulation of polyamine metabolism and its links to pathogenicity. We focused our research on Pseudomonas syringae, an important phytopathogen that causes disease in many economically valuable plant species. Our analysis discovered that polyamine synthesis, as well as general gene expression activation and energy production are induced in the early stages of the disease. On the contrary, synthesis of these compounds is inhibited whereas its transport is upregulated later in the process, which correlates with the induction of virulence genes and the metabolism of nitrogen and carboxylic acids. We also found that activation of plant defense mechanisms affects bacterial polyamine synthesis to some extent, which could reduce bacterial cell fitness in the plant environment. Furthermore, data suggest that a proper bacterial response to oxidative conditions requires a decrease in polyamine production. The implications of these findings are discussed.Fil: Solmi, Leandro. Universidad Nacional de San Martin. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - la Plata. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus.; ArgentinaFil: Rosli, Hernan Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Pombo, Marina Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Stalder, Santiago. Universidad Nacional de San Martin. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - la Plata. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus.; ArgentinaFil: Rossi, Franco Rubén. Universidad Nacional de San Martin. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - la Plata. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus.; ArgentinaFil: Romero, Fernando Matias. Universidad Nacional de San Martin. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - la Plata. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus.; ArgentinaFil: Ruiz, Oscar Adolfo. Universidad Nacional de San Martin. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - la Plata. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus.; ArgentinaFil: Gárriz, Andrés. Universidad Nacional de San Martin. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - la Plata. Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus.; Argentin