Neuroprotective effects of fluorophore-labelled manganese complexes: determination of ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential and confocal fluorescence microscopy studies in neuroblastoma cells

In this work, four manganese(II) complexes derived from the ligands H2L1-H2L4, that incorporate dansyl or tosyl fluorescent dyes, have been investigated in term of their antioxidant properties. Two of the manganese(II) complexes have been newly prepared using the asymmetric half-salen ligand H2L2 and the thiosemicarbazone ligand H2L3. The four organic strands and the manganese complexes have been characterized by different analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The study of the antioxidant behaviour of these two new complexes and other two fluorophore-labelled analogues was tested in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. These four model complexes 1–4 were found to protect cells from oxidative damage in this human neuronal model, by reducing the release of reactive oxygen species. Complexes 1–4 significantly improved cell survival, with levels between 79.1 ± 0.8% and 130.9 ± 4.1%. Moreover, complexes 3 and 4 were able to restore the mitochondrial membrane potential at 1 μM, with 4 reaching levels higher than 85%, similar to the percentages obtained by the positive control agent cyclosporin A. The incorporation of the fluorescent label in the complexes allowed the study of their ability to enter the human neuroblastoma cells by confocal microscopyThe research leading to these results has received funding from the following FEDER cofunded-grants. From Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia, 2017 GRC GI-1682 (ED431C 2017/01), 2018 GRC GI-1584 (ED431C 2018/13), MetalBIO Network (ED431D 2017/01). From CDTI and Technological Funds, supported by Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad IISCIII/PI19/001248. From Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, MULTIMETDRUGS (RED2018-102471-T). From European Union, Interreg AlertoxNet EAPA-317-2016, Interreg Agritox EAPA-998-2018, and H2020 778069-EMERTOXS

Tecnologías de la Información (TICs) y aulas virtuales en la enseñanza de la ortodoncia y odontopediatría

El alto nivel de desarrollo y de accesibilidad que en la actualidad han alcanzado las denominadas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs) han posibilitado una mejora sustancial en cualquiera de las facetas educativas del aprendizaje virtual. Gracias a las TICs, la enseñanza a distancia es cada vez más eficiente y atrayente para los alumnos, mejorando su motivación y rendimiento, lo que se traduce en un incremento en la adquisición de conocimientos, de habilidades, y actitudes. En el caso de la enseñanza virtual de la odontopediatría, el uso de algunas aplicaciones específicas como es la realidad aumentada, que permite realizar prácticas en pacientes virtuales, consiguen que el alumno mejore sus habilidades psicomotrices, e incremente sus aptitudes y confianza a la hora de tratar y resolver problemas reales. En el caso de la ortodoncia, la creación y manipulación de modelos digitales en tres dimensiones, ayuda al alumno a comprender y a interpretar las características diagnósticas y correctivas de los diferentes casos clínicos

Yellowish lesions of the oral cavity : Suggestion for a classification

The colour of a lesion is due to its nature and to its histological substratum. In order to ease diagnosis, oral cavity lesions have been classified according to their colour in: white, red, white and red, bluish and/or purple, brown, grey and/or black lesions. To the best of our knowledge, there is no such a classification for yellow lesions. So, a suggestion for a classification of yellowish lesions according to their semiology is made with the following headings: diffuse macular lesions, papular, hypertrophic, or pustular lesions, together with cysts and nodes. This interpretation of the lesions by its colour is the first step to diagnosis. It should be taken into account that, as happens with any other classification, the yellowish group of lesions includes items with different prognosis as well as possible markers of systemic disorders

Unifocal orofacial granulomatosis in retromolar mucosa:surgical treatment with Er,Cr:YSGG laser

Orofacial granulomatosis is defined by permanent or recurrent swelling of orofacial tissues with different multiform and multifocal clinical patterns. An 11-year old boy presented with a 2-month history of mucosa enlargement. Intraoral examination revealed an erythematous, polylobulated, exophytic lesion with a smooth surface located in retromolar mucosa, non-tender and non-infiltratated to palpation. The diagnosis was inflammatory lesion compatible with pyogenic granuloma and laser excision was decided. Haematological parameters were within normal range, as well as chest Xrays. These findings lead to a diagnosis of non-symptomatic orofacial granulomatosis, whose early diagnosis can minimize the impact of systemic-related disorders, like Chron's disease

Eligibility criteria for Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT): a position statement from a consortium of scientific societies for the use of MHT in women with medical conditions. MHT Eligibility Criteria Group

This project aims to develop eligibility criteria for menopausal hormone therapy (MHT). The tool should be similar to those already established for contraception A consortium of scientific societies coordinated by the Spanish Menopause Society met to formulate recommendations for the use of MHT by women with medical conditions based on the best available evidence. The project was developed in two phases. As a first step, we conducted 14 systematic reviews and 32 metanalyses on the safety of MHT (in nine areas: age, time of menopause onset, treatment duration, women with thrombotic risk, women with a personal history of cardiovascular disease, women with metabolic syndrome, women with gastrointestinal diseases, survivors of breast cancer or of other cancers, and women who smoke) and on the most relevant pharmacological interactions with MHT. These systematic reviews and metanalyses helped inform a structured process in which a panel of experts defined the eligibility criteria according to a specific framework, which facilitated the discussion and development process. To unify the proposal, the following eligibility criteria have been defined in accordance with the WHO international nomenclature for the different alternatives for MHT (category 1, no restriction on the use of MHT; category 2, the benefits outweigh the risks; category 3, the risks generally outweigh the benefits; category 4, MHT should not be used). Quality was classified as high, moderate, low or very low, based on several factors (including risk of bias, inaccuracy, inconsistency, lack of directionality and publication bias). When no direct evidence was identified, but plausibility, clinical experience or indirect evidence were available, "Expert opinion" was categorized. For the first time, a set of eligibility criteria, based on clinical evidence and developed according to the most rigorous methodological tools, has been defined. This will provide health professionals with a powerful decision-making tool that can be used to manage menopausal symptoms

Guía de saúde infantil : actividades preventivas e de promoción da saúde en pediatría de atención primaria

Se trata de una guía de salud infantil dirigida a los profesionales que trabajan en el ámbito de la asistencia sanitaria a los niños y adolescentes en atención primaria del Sistema Público de Salud de Galicia.Trátase dunha guía de saúde infantil dirixida aos profesionais que traballan no ámbito da asistencia sanitaria aos nenos e adolescentes na atención primaria do Sistema Público de Saúde de Galicia

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality