Beneficios e inconvenientes de la utilización de la cura Mölndal frente a la cura simple en la herida quirúrgica

[Resumen] Introducción: La técnica Mölndal se basa en la cura de heridas en ambiente húmedo mediante la aplicación de un apósito de hidrofibra hidrocoloide junto con un apósito de película transparente semipermeable (permite el paso del vapor de agua y O2, pero evita la entrada de líquidos y microorganismos) en la herida quirúrgica, de esta forma la herida queda protegida de factores externos permitiendo la visualización de la misma a través del apósito de poliuretano. Objetivo: Evidenciar la eficacia que la técnica Mölndal presenta ante la cura simple, a fin de reducir la aparición de complicaciones en la cicatrización de la herida quirúrgica y en incisiones de drenajes. Metodología: Debido a la necesidad de ahondar en la literatura se realizará una revisión bibliográfica en algunas de las principales bases de datos de Ciencias de la Salud; Dialnet, SCOPUS, Google académico, PubMed y Cochrane. La búsqueda se acotó a los últimos 15 años y fue limitada a publicaciones en castellano e inglés. Resultados: Se han localizado un total de 13 documentos; de los cuales 10 son artículos de investigación, 2 son guías clínicas y 1 es un póster informativo. Tras la lectura crítica se han seleccionado 7 documentos; de los cuales 6 son artículos de investigación y 1 es una guía clínica. En general los pacientes tratados con cura Mölndal (Mö) han precisado menos cambios de apósito que los tratados con cura tradicional (Tr), las complicaciones se han apreciado en menor medida en el grupo Mö y también se ha reducido la cantidad de exudado y la tasa de infección en pacientes con cura Mö. Conclusiones: En general en los resultados se observa que la cura Mölndal demuestra una disminución significativa de la aparición de complicaciones en la herida quirúrgica, así como una necesidad menor de 3 Beneficios e inconvenientes de la utilización de la cura Mölndal frente a la cura simple en la herida quirúrgica. Raquel Núñez Romero realizar el cambio de apósitos, por lo que consideramos que la relación coste-beneficio es mayor en la cura Mölndal respecto a la ofrecida por la cura tradicional.[Abstract] Introducction: The Mölndal technique is based on the wound healing in a moist environment by applying a hydrocolloid hydrofibre dressing together with a transparent semipermeable film dressing (it allows the passage of water vapor and O2, but prevents the entry of liquids and Microorganisms) in the surgical wound, in this way the wound is protected from external factors allowing the visualization of the wound through the polyurethane dressing. Objective: To demonstrate the effectiveness about using Mölndal technique versus using simple technique, in order to reduce the appearance of complications in surgical wound healing and drainage incisions. Methodology: Due to the need to delve into the literature, a bibliographic review will be carried out in some of the main databases of Health Sciences; Dialnet, SCOPUS, Google academic, PubMed and Cochrane. The search was limited to the last 15 years and was limited to publications in Spanish and English. Results: A total of 13 documents were located; of which 10 are research articles, 2 are clinical guidelines and 1 is an information poster. After the critical reading 7 documents have been selected; of which 6 are research articles and 1 is a clinical guide. In general, patients treated with Mölndal technique (Mö) have reported fewer dressing changes than those treated with traditional technique (Tr), complications have been observed to a lesser extent in the Mö group and the amount of exudate has also been reduced such as the infection rate with the Mö technique. Conclusions: In general the results show that the Mölndal cure demonstrates a significant decrease in the appearance of surgical wound 5 Beneficios e inconvenientes de la utilización de la cura Mölndal frente a la cura simple en la herida quirúrgica. Raquel Núñez Romero complications, as well as a lesser need to perform dressing changes, so we consider that the cost-benefit ratio is greater in the Mölndal technique than the one offered by the traditional technique.Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FEP). Enfermaría. Curso 2016/201

Neuropathic pain induced by sciatic nerve injury involves epigenetic changes and chromatolytic damage in the somatosensory nervous system. Effects of miR-30c-5p gain and loss of function.

ABSTRACT: Neuropathic pain (NP) is a debilitating chronic syndrome that is often refractory to currently available analgesics. The maintenance of NP encompasses long term pathological plasticity in the nervous system that may be explained by alterations in the epigenetic mechanisms and cellular processes that underlie this disease. In this thesis, we investigated the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in neuropathic pain establishment and chronification and the effects of modulating miR-30c-5p in the somatosensory nervous system. The transcript levels of DNA methyltransferase-3A and 3B were significantly up-regulated in the spinal dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglia from neuropathic rats. This upregulation was potentiated when neuropathic rats were treated with a miR-30c-5p inhibitor. In parallel, both structures exhibited increased methylation at cytosine in CpG islands. By luciferase assay, we demonstrated a post-transcriptional regulation for DNMT3B and DNMT3A by miR-30c-5p. Furthermore, we demonstrated that NP induces an increase in the chromatolytic damage suffered by DRG neurons. This phenomenon was potentiated when neuropathic rats were treated with a miR-30c-5p mimic. We showed that miR-30c-5p treatment induces reorganization and loss of nucleolar transcription units, segregation of dense fibrillar and granular components and a depletion of cajal bodies. We propose that miR-30c-5p modulation in NP plays an essential role in the epigenetic mechanism and cellular processes that underlie this disease.Esta tesis ha sido financiada con ayudas a la investigación procedentes de: - Beca predoctoral de Neurociencia: Fundación Tatiana Pérez de Guzmán el Bueno. - Instituto de investigación sanitaria Marqués de Valdecilla - Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad a través de los Proyectos del Plan Estatal: SAF2013-47434-R y SAF2016-77732-

CERTIFICATION REPORT The Certification of the Mass Fractions of As, Br, Cd, Cl, Cr, Hg, S, Sb, Sn and Zn in Low-Density Polyethylene: ERM-EC681m

This report describes the production of ERM-EC681m, a low-density polyethylene material certified for the mass fraction of elements. The material was produced following ISO Guide 34:2009. An LDPE material containing certain elements was prepared from commercially sourced low-density polyethylene and organic and inorganic pigments. The material was extruded, mixed and filled into bottles. Between-bottle homogeneity was quantified and stability during dispatch and storage were assessed in accordance with ISO Guide 35:2006. The within-unit homogeneity was quantified to determine the minimum sample intake. The material was characterised by an intercomparison among laboratories of demonstrated competence and adhering to ISO/IEC 17025. Technically invalid results were removed but no outlier was eliminated on statistical grounds only. Uncertainties of the certified values were calculated in compliance with the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) and include uncertainties related to possible inhomogeneity, and instability and to characterisation. The material is intended for the quality control and/or assessment of method performance. As any reference material, it can also be used for control charts, validation studies or calibration of methods. The CRM is available in glass bottles containing 100 g of polyethylene granulate. The minimum amount of sample to be used is 150 mg for the determination of Cl and 60 mg for the determination of all other elements. The CRM was accepted as European Reference Material (ERM®) after peer evaluation by the partners of the European Reference Materials consortium.JRC.D.2-Standards for Innovation and sustainable Developmen

Glass forming ability and thermal stability of F-phlogopite based glasses

This paper presents the results of a study that analyses the effect of fluorine content on glass forming ability (GFA), glass stability (GS) and preferred crystallisation mechanism for a series of glasses in the SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-K2O-F system. Three glass compositions, with fluorine contents ranging from 4.50 to 5.70 wt. %, were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The GS was established by estimating different parameters derived from characteristic temperatures of non-isothermal DSC curves, namely, the working range (TTS), reduced glass transition temperature (Tgr), Weinberg (Kw), Hrubÿ (KH) and Lu-Liu (KLL) parameters. The prevalent crystallisation mechanism for each glass was assessed by determining the dissimilarity in crystallisation temperature (Tp) between fine ( 120°C/min) and obtaining amorphous glasses is only possible by fast cooling of the melt. In a subsequent thermal treatment, a volume crystallization mechanism will be prevalent in the process of devitrification of these F-phlogopite based glasses. Nevertheless, the increasing on the fluorine content in the glass composition leads to a variation in the location of the first developed crystals from the internal volume of the glass particle to surface sites. The results established by DSC analyses are verified by the results obtained from field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).R. Casasola and J. M. Pérez express their gratitude to the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) for their contract through the JAE Program (JAEPre-08-00456 and JAEDoc-08-00362, respectively), which is co-financed by the European Social Fund. The financial support through the projects MAT 2006-05977 and MAT2013-40477-P is also recognised.Peer reviewe

A Program for the Comprehensive Cognitive Training of Excess Weight (TRAINEP): The Study Protocol for A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Background: The available treatments for people with excess weight have shown small effects. Cognitive training has shown promising results, but most of the research focused on normalweight university students and reported immediate results after a single training session. This parallel group, randomized, controlled trial aims to study the efficacy of a program for the comprehensive cognitive treatment of excess weight. Methods and Analysis: Participants will be 150 people with excess weight recruited through social media, who will be randomized into three groups: cognitive intervention, sham cognitive intervention, and treatment as usual. All assessment and intervention sessions will be online in groups of 5–6 participants. The three groups will attend a motivational interviewing session, and they will receive individualized diet and physical exercise guidelines throughout the program. The cognitive training will consist of four weekly sessions of approximately 60–90 min, each based on approach–avoidance bias training, inhibitory control training, implementation of intentions, and episodic future thinking, respectively. The main outcome measure will be a change in Body Mass Index (kg/m2). Secondary outcomes include changes in cognitive measures, eating and physical exercise behaviors, and anthropometric measures. Assessments will be conducted up to 6 months after the end of the program. In addition, data on the use of the health system will be collected to analyze the cost-effectiveness and the cost-utility of training. Linear mixed models will be used for statistical analysis. Findings of this study will expand the available evidence on cognitive interventions to reduce excess weight.Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities MCIN/AEIEuropean Regional Development Fund "ERDF A way of making Europe" RTI2018-098771-B-I0

Computational studies of Glucocerebrosidase in complex with its facilitator protein Saposin-C

Gaucher’s Disease (GD) is a rare recessive disorder produced by the dysfunction of the lysosomal enzyme Glucocerebrosidase (GCase). GCase catalyses the cleavage of the glycolipid Glucosylceramide. The lack of functional GCase leads to the accumulation of its lipid substrate in lysosomes causing GD. GD presents a great phenotypic variation, symptoms ranging from asymptomatic adults to early childhood death due to neurological damage. More than 250 mutations in the protein GCase have been discovered that result in GD. Being able to link structural modifications of each mutation to the phenotypic variation of GD would enhance the understanding of the disease. The aim of this work is to understand the structural dynamics of wild type and mutant GCase. A model of the complex of the enzyme GCase with its facilitator protein, Saposin-C (Sap-C) was generated using Protein-Protein docking (PPD). In this work, a knowledge-based docking protocol that considers experimental data of protein- protein binding has been carried out. Here, a reliable model of the enzyme GCase with its facilitator protein is presented and is consistent with the experimental data. To understand the structural mechanism of function of the enzyme GCase, it was imperative to study its structural dynamics and conformational changes influenced by its interaction with other components including lipid bilayer, facilitator protein or substrate. Coarse-Grained MD (CG-MD) was employed to study lipid self-assembly and membrane insertion of the complex. Classical Atomistic MD (AT-MD) was used to study the dynamics of the interactions between different components of the simulation. Furthermore, the results of ten different AT-MD simulations sampling 9 s have been analysed. An activation method of GCase by Sap-C has been proposed, the change in conformation of GCase when its facilitator protein is present has been highlighted, through the stabilization of the loops at the entrance of the binding site. The differences in protein-protein binding when GCase is mutated have also been emphasised. Finally, Anharmonic Conformational Analysis and Markov State Models have been used to build a kinetic model of the system. This model supports our activation mechanism hyphothesis