A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) III: An update

We present an updated worldwide phylogenetic classification of Poaceae with 11 783 species in 12 subfamilies, 7 supertribes, 54 tribes, 5 super subtribes, 109 subtribes, and 789 accepted genera. The subfamilies (in descending order based on the number of species) are Pooideae with 4126 species in 219 genera, 15 tribes, and 34 subtribes; Panicoideae with 3325 species in 242 genera, 14 tribes, and 24 subtribes; Bambusoideae with 1698 species in 136 genera, 3 tribes, and 19 subtribes; Chloridoideae with 1603 species in 121 genera, 5 tribes, and 30 subtribes; Aristidoideae with 367 species in three genera and one tribe; Danthonioideae with 292 species in 19 genera and 1 tribe; Micrairoideae with 192 species in nine genera and three tribes; Oryzoideae with 117 species in 19 genera, 4 tribes, and 2 subtribes; Arundinoideae with 36 species in 14 genera and 3 tribes; Pharoideae with 12 species in three genera and one tribe; Puelioideae with 11 species in two genera and two tribes; and the Anomochlooideae with four species in two genera and two tribes. Two new tribes and 22 new or resurrected subtribes are recognized. Forty-five new (28) and resurrected (17) genera are accepted, and 24 previously accepted genera are placed in synonymy. We also provide an updated list of all accepted genera including common synonyms, genus authors, number of species in each accepted genus, and subfamily affiliation. We propose Locajonoa, a new name and rank with a new combination, L. coerulescens. The following seven new combinations are made in Lorenzochloa: L. bomanii, L. henrardiana, L. mucronata, L. obtusa, L. orurensis, L. rigidiseta, and L. venusta.Fil: Soreng, Robert J.. National Museum of Natural History; Estados UnidosFil: Peterson, Paul M.. National Museum of Natural History; Estados UnidosFil: Zuloaga, Fernando Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; ArgentinaFil: Romaschenko, Konstantin. National Museum of Natural History; Estados UnidosFil: Clark, Lynn G.. IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY (ISU);Fil: Teisher, Jordan K.. No especifíca;Fil: Gillespie, Lynn J.. No especifíca;Fil: Barberá, Patricia. No especifíca;Fil: Welker, Cassiano A. D.. No especifíca;Fil: Kellogg, Elizabeth A.. Donald Danforth Plant Science Center; Estados UnidosFil: Li, De Zhu. No especifíca;Fil: Davidse, Gerrit. No especifíca

ESTIMATION METHOD FOR MULTIPAHT CHANNELS OF HIGH-SPEED DATA TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS WITH OFDM BASED ON REGRESSION ANALYSIS

This text describes a technique for estimating a multipath radio channel of high-speed data transmission systems with OFDM modulation based on regression analysis. A brief de-scription of the proposed technique and its effectiveness is given

Система інформаційного забезпечення аграрного виробництва через мережу інтернет

The analysis of information support in the agricultural production has been done. IWPLR is developing now a «System of information support for agriculture», which has a two-level structure of decision-making and contains a database. At the level of «economy» the system, taking into account both the economic priorities and the wishes of the farms as well as soil-climatic and environmental constraints helps the agricultural producers (the users of the system) to define a set of priority crops using a subsystem «crop rotation». At the level of «field» the system, using the database helps the users to calculate the flow process charts for identified priority crops. The database of the system consists of five sections: «agriculture», «agri-resource potential» «reclamation», «mechanization and processing», «animal production» and provides some background information for agricultural producers.Проведено аналіз інформаційного забезпечення в аграрному виробництві. В ІВПіМ розробляється «Система інформаційного забезпечення аграрного виробництва», що має дворівневу структуру прийняття рішень і містить базу даних. На рівні «господарство» система, враховуючи як економічні пріоритети та побажання господарства, так і грунтово-кліматичні та екологічні обмеження, допомагає агровиробнику (користувачу системи) визначити набір пріоритетних культур за допомогою підсистеми «Сівозміни». На рівні «поле» система, використовуючи базу даних, допомагає розрахувати користувачеві технологічні карти визначених пріоритетних культур. База даних системи складається з п’яти розділів: «землеробство», «агроресурсний потенціал», «меліорація», «механізація та переробка», «тваринництво» і дає довідкову інформацію для агровиробника

Allogamy-Autogamy Switch Enhance Assortative Mating in the Allotetraploid Centaurea seridis L. Coexisting with the Diploid Centaurea aspera L. and Triggers the Asymmetrical Formation of Triploid Hybrids

[EN] Hybridization between tetraploids and its related diploids is generally unsuccessful in Centaurea, hence natural formation of triploid hybrids is rare. In contrast, the diploid Centaurea aspera and the allotetraploid C. seridis coexist in several contact zones where a high frequency of triploid hybrids is found. We analyzed the floral biology of the three taxa to identify reproductive isolation mechanisms that allow their coexistence. Flowering phenology was recorded, and controlled pollinations within and between the three taxa were performed in the field. Ploidy level and germination of progeny were also assessed. There was a 50% flowering overlap which indicated a phenological shift. Diploids were strictly allogamous and did not display mentor effects, while tetraploids were found to be highly autogamous. This breakdown of self-incompatibility by polyploids is first described in Centaurea. The asymmetrical formation of the hybrid was also found: all the triploid intact cypselae came from the diploid mothers pollinated by the pollen of tetraploids. Pollen and eggs from triploids were totally sterile, acting as a strong triploid block. These prezygotic isolation mechanisms ensured higher assortative mating in tetraploids than in diploids, improving its persistence in the contact zones. However these mechanisms can also be the cause of the low genetic diversity and high genetic structure observed in C. seridis.Ferriol Molina, M.; Garmendia, A.; Ana Gonzalez; Merle Farinós, HB. (2015). Allogamy-Autogamy Switch Enhance Assortative Mating in the Allotetraploid Centaurea seridis L. Coexisting with the Diploid Centaurea aspera L. and Triggers the Asymmetrical Formation of Triploid Hybrids. PLoS ONE. 10(10):1-13. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140465S1131010Jiao, Y., Wickett, N. J., Ayyampalayam, S., Chanderbali, A. S., Landherr, L., Ralph, P. E., … dePamphilis, C. W. (2011). Ancestral polyploidy in seed plants and angiosperms. Nature, 473(7345), 97-100. doi:10.1038/nature09916Wood, T. E., Takebayashi, N., Barker, M. S., Mayrose, I., Greenspoon, P. B., & Rieseberg, L. H. (2009). The frequency of polyploid speciation in vascular plants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(33), 13875-13879. doi:10.1073/pnas.0811575106ROMASCHENKO, K., ERTUǦRUL, K., SUSANNA, A., GARCIA-JACAS, N., UYSAL, T., & ARSLAN, E. (2004). New chromosome counts in the Centaurea Jacea group (Asteraceae, Cardueae) and some related taxa. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 145(3), 345-352. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00292.xHardy, O. J., de Loose, M., Vekemans, X., & Meerts, P. (2001). Allozyme segregation and inter-cytotype reproductive barriers in the polyploid complex Centaurea jacea. Heredity, 87(2), 136-145. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00862.xKOUTECKÝ, P., BAĎUROVÁ, T., ŠTECH, M., KOŠNAR, J., & KARÁSEK, J. (2011). Hybridization between diploidCentaurea pseudophrygiaand tetraploidC. jacea(Asteraceae): the role of mixed pollination, unreduced gametes, and mentor effects. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 104(1), 93-106. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01707.xKoutecký, P. (2012). A diploid drop in the tetraploid ocean: hybridization and long-term survival of a singular population of Centaurea weldeniana Rchb. (Asteraceae), a taxon new to Austria. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 298(7), 1349-1360. doi:10.1007/s00606-012-0641-5Mráz, P., Španiel, S., Keller, A., Bowmann, G., Farkas, A., Šingliarová, B., … Müller-Schärer, H. (2012). Anthropogenic disturbance as a driver of microspatial and microhabitat segregation of cytotypes of Centaurea stoebe and cytotype interactions in secondary contact zones. Annals of Botany, 110(3), 615-627. doi:10.1093/aob/mcs120Olšavská, K., & Löser, C. J. (2013). Mating System and Hybridization of the Cyanus triumfetti and C. montanus Groups (Asteraceae). Folia Geobotanica, 48(4), 537-554. doi:10.1007/s12224-013-9155-3Španiel, S., Marhold, K., Hodálová, I., & Lihová, J. (2008). Diploid and Tetraploid Cytotypes of Centaurea stoebe (Asteraceae) in Central Europe: Morphological Differentiation and Cytotype Distribution Patterns. Folia Geobotanica, 43(2), 131-158. doi:10.1007/s12224-008-9008-7HARDY, O. J., VANDERHOEVEN, S., DE LOOSE, M., & MEERTS, P. (2000). Ecological, morphological and allozymic differentiation between diploid and tetraploid knapweeds (Centaurea jacea) from a contact zone in the Belgian Ardennes. New Phytologist, 146(2), 281-290. doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00631.xFerriol, M., Garmendia, A., Ruiz, J. J., Merle, H., & Boira, H. (2012). Morphological and molecular analysis of natural hybrids between the diploidCentaurea asperaL. and the tetraploidC. seridisL. (Compositae). Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology, 146(sup1), 86-100. doi:10.1080/11263504.2012.727878Ferriol, M., Merle, H., & Garmendia, A. (2014). Microsatellite evidence for low genetic diversity and reproductive isolation in tetraploidCentaurea seridis(Asteraceae) coexisting with diploidCentaurea asperaand triploid hybrids in contact zones. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 176(1), 82-98. doi:10.1111/boj.12194Garmendia, A., Ferriol, M., Juarez, J., Zając, A., Kałużny, K., & Merle, H. (2015). A rare case of a natural contact zone in Morocco between an autopolyploid and an allopolyploid ofCentaurea asperawith sterile tetraploid hybrids. Plant Biology, 17(3), 746-757. doi:10.1111/plb.12284Petit, C., Bretagnolle, F., & Felber, F. (1999). Evolutionary consequences of diploid–polyploid hybrid zones in wild species. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 14(8), 306-311. doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(99)01608-0Thorsson, A. T., Palsson, S., Sigurgeirsson, A., & Anamthawat-Jonsson, K. (2007). Morphological Variation among Betula nana (diploid), B. pubescens (tetraploid) and their Triploid Hybrids in Iceland. Annals of Botany, 99(6), 1183-1193. doi:10.1093/aob/mcm060Husband And, B. C., & Schemske, D. W. (2000). Ecological mechanisms of reproductive isolation between diploid and tetraploidChamerion angustifolium. Journal of Ecology, 88(4), 689-701. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00481.xKruskal, W. H., & Wallis, W. A. (1952). Use of Ranks in One-Criterion Variance Analysis. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 47(260), 583-621. doi:10.1080/01621459.1952.10483441Dunn, O. J. (1961). Multiple Comparisons among Means. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 56(293), 52-64. doi:10.1080/01621459.1961.10482090HARVILLE, D. A. (1974). Bayesian inference for variance components using only error contrasts. Biometrika, 61(2), 383-385. doi:10.1093/biomet/61.2.383McCullagh, P., & Nelder, J. A. (1989). Generalized Linear Models. doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-3242-6Lambert, D. (1992). Zero-Inflated Poisson Regression, with an Application to Defects in Manufacturing. Technometrics, 34(1), 1. doi:10.2307/1269547Vuong, Q. H. (1989). Likelihood Ratio Tests for Model Selection and Non-Nested Hypotheses. Econometrica, 57(2), 307. doi:10.2307/1912557Ferriol, M., Llorens, L., Gil, L., & Boira, H. (2008). Influence of phenological barriers and habitat differentiation on the population genetic structure of the balearic endemic Rhamnus ludovici-salvatoris Chodat and R. alaternus L. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 277(1-2), 105-116. doi:10.1007/s00606-008-0110-3Colas, B., Olivieri, I., & Riba, M. (2001). Spatio-temporal variation of reproductive success and conservation of the narrow-endemic Centaurea corymbosa (Asteraceae). Biological Conservation, 99(3), 375-386. doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(00)00229-9Felber, F., & Bever, J. D. (1997). Effect of triploid fitness on the coexistence of diploids and tetraploids. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 60(1), 95-106. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1997.tb01485.xPeckert, T., & Chrtek, J. (2006). Mating interactions between coexisting dipoloid, triploid and tetraploid cytotypes ofHieracium Echioides (Asteraceae). Folia Geobotanica, 41(3), 323-334. doi:10.1007/bf02904945HUSBAND, B. C. (2004). The role of triploid hybrids in the evolutionary dynamics of mixed-ploidy populations. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 82(4), 537-546. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2004.00339.xStebbins, G. L. (1950). Variation and Evolution in Plants. doi:10.7312/steb94536Barringer, B. C. (2007). Polyploidy and self-fertilization in flowering plants. American Journal of Botany, 94(9), 1527-1533. doi:10.3732/ajb.94.9.1527Borges, L. A., Souza, L. G. R., Guerra, M., Machado, I. C., Lewis, G. P., & Lopes, A. V. (2012). Reproductive isolation between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes of Libidibia ferrea (= Caesalpinia ferrea) (Leguminosae): ecological and taxonomic implications. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 298(7), 1371-1381. doi:10.1007/s00606-012-0643-3Greiner, R., & Oberprieler, C. (2012). The role of inter-ploidy block for reproductive isolation of the diploid Leucanthemum pluriflorum Pau (Compositae, Anthemideae) and its tetra- and hexaploid relatives. Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants, 207(9), 629-635. doi:10.1016/j.flora.2012.07.001Ferrer, M. M., & Good-Avila, S. V. (2006). Macrophylogenetic analyses of the gain and loss of self-incompatibility in the Asteraceae. New Phytologist, 173(2), 401-414. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01905.xSun, M., & Ritland, K. (1998). Mating system of yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis), a successful colonizer in North America. Heredity, 80(2), 225-232. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.1998.00290.xHusband, B. C., & Sabara, H. A. (2003). Reproductive isolation between autotetraploids and their diploid progenitors in fireweed, Chamerion angustifolium (Onagraceae). New Phytologist, 161(3), 703-713. doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2004.00998.xAwadalla, P., & Ritland, K. (1997). Microsatellite variation and evolution in the Mimulus guttatus species complex with contrasting mating systems. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 14(10), 1023-1034. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025708Reinartz, J. A., & Les, D. H. (1994). Bottleneck-Induced Dissolution of Self-Incompatibility and Breeding System Consequences in Aster furcatus (Asteraceae). American Journal of Botany, 81(4), 446. doi:10.2307/2445494Hiscock, S. J. (2000). Genetic control of self-incompatibility in Senecio squalidus L. (Asteraceae): a successful colonizing species. Heredity, 85(1), 10-19. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.2000.00692.xNIELSEN, L. R., SIEGISMUND, H. R., & PHILIPP, M. (2003). Partial self-incompatibility in the polyploid endemic species Scalesia affinis (Asteraceae) from the Galápagos: remnants of a self-incompatibility system? Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 142(1), 93-101. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.00168.xSonnleitner, M., Weis, B., Flatscher, R., García, P. E., Suda, J., Krejčíková, J., … Hülber, K. (2013). Parental Ploidy Strongly Affects Offspring Fitness in Heteroploid Crosses among Three Cytotypes of Autopolyploid Jacobaea carniolica (Asteraceae). PLoS ONE, 8(11), e78959. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0078959Cui, C., Ge, X., Gautam, M., Kang, L., & Li, Z. (2012). Cytoplasmic and Genomic Effects on Meiotic Pairing inBrassicaHybrids and Allotetraploids from Pair Crosses of Three Cultivated Diploids. Genetics, 191(3), 725-738. doi:10.1534/genetics.112.140780Comai, L. (2005). The advantages and disadvantages of being polyploid. Nature Reviews Genetics, 6(11), 836-846. doi:10.1038/nrg1711Mráz, P. (2003). Mentor effects in the genusHieracium S.STR. 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Стан та шляхи підвищення водозабезпеченості південного регіону України водними ресурсами річки Дунай

The current state of water supply in the south of Ukraine with local and transit water resources, the forecast territorial and sectorial imbalance between their availability and need for them, as well as expediency and possibility of increasing water availability of the population and sectors of the economy, water security of the region through the use of the waters of the Danube River are considered.Розглянуто сучасний рівень забезпеченості півдня України місцевими та транзитними водними ресурсами, прогнозний територіальний і галузевий дисбаланс між їх наявністю та потребою, а також доцільність і можливість підвищення водозабезпеченості населення та галузей економіки, водної безпеки регіону шляхом використання вод річки Дунай

Some molecular biological mechanisms of atherosclerosis

The current data on some molecular cellular and molecular genetic mechanisms of atherosclerosis and its complications have been presented in the research. Taking into account the significance of lipid transport system for initiation of atherosclerosis plaques we point to major role of lipoprotein modified forms in atherogenesis. Information of key mediators of macrophage transformation into foam cells has been produced. The results of original investigation of some genes’ polymorphism analysis in ethnic groups in Siberia and its connection with ischemic heart disease have been represented

Polymorphism of apolipoprotein E gene and atherosclerosis

Polymorphism genes assay is of importance for estimation of predisposition to multifactorial diseases on population and individual level. We investigated apolipoprotein E polymorphism and its influence on a lipid metabolism in population of Novosibirsk city (the largest scientific and industrial centre of West Siberia). Polymorphism of apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene was studied in sample of inhabitants of Novosibirsk city aged 25‐64 years (n=611), in patients with nonfatal myocardial infarction (n=141), in patients with nonfatal stroke (n=167), in men with sudden cardiac death (n=250) and in long‐livers of the same region (n=97). A lipid profile depending on APOE genotypes was analyzed in a population and in a group of long‐livers of Novosibirsk. In male population 25‐64 years of age dynamics (changes) of frequencies APOE genotypes are not revealed. In comparison with frequencies of APOE genotypes in men is more senior than 83 years has appeared, that the frequency of a genotype ε3/ε4 has decreased 4 times, and the frequency of a genotype ε2/ε3 has increased 2 times. Among the persons of senile age and long‐livers, both men, and women the carriers of a genotype ε4/ε4 on APOE gene are not revealed. The highest level of total cholesterol in population of Novosibirsk is characteristic for a genotype APOE ε4/ε4. The introduction of genotyping of human apolipoprotein E in a population of Novosibirsk is expedient

A phylogeny of Poeae chloroplast group 1 including genera in the Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Echinopogoninae, Phalaridinae, and Torreyochloinae (Poaceae: Pooideae)

Trabajo presentado en el 6th International Conference on Comparative Biology of Monocotyledons- Monocots VI, celebrado en Natal (Brasil), del 7 al 12 de octubre de 2018Peer reviewe