1,239 research outputs found
Recurrence for persistent random walks in two dimensions
We discuss the question of recurrence for persistent, or Newtonian, random
walks in Z^2, i.e., random walks whose transition probabilities depend both on
the walker's position and incoming direction. We use results by Toth and
Schmidt-Conze to prove recurrence for a large class of such processes,
including all "invertible" walks in elliptic random environments. Furthermore,
rewriting our Newtonian walks as ordinary random walks in a suitable graph, we
gain a better idea of the geometric features of the problem, and obtain further
examples of recurrence.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figure
The form factors from Analyticity and Unitarity
Analyticity and unitarity techniques are employed to obtain bounds on the
shape parameters of the scalar and vector form factors of semileptonic
decays. For this purpose we use vector and scalar correlators evaluated in
pQCD, a low energy theorem for scalar form factor, lattice results for the
ratio of kaon and pion decay constants, chiral perturbation theory calculations
for the scalar form factor at the Callan-Treiman point and experimental
information on the phase and modulus of form factors up to an energy
\tin=1 {\rm GeV}^2. We further derive regions on the real axis and in the
complex-energy plane where the form factors cannot have zeros.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures; Seminar given at DAE-BRNS Workshop on Hadron
Physics Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India October 31-November 4,
2011, submitted to Proceeding
Tissue oxidative metabolism can increase the difference between local temperature and arterial blood temperature by up to 1.3oC: Implications for brain, brown adipose tissue, and muscle physiology
Tissue temperature increases, when oxidative metabolism is boosted. The source of nutrients and oxygen for this metabolism is the blood. The blood also cools down the tissue, and this is the only cooling mechanism, when direct dissipation of heat from the tissue to the environment is insignificant, e.g., in the brain. While this concept is relatively simple, it has not been described quantitatively. The purpose of the present work was to answer two questions: 1) to what extent can oxidative metabolism make the organ tissue warmer than the body core, and, 2) how quickly are changes in the local metabolism reflected in the temperature of the tissue? Our theoretical analysis demonstrates that, at equilibrium, given that heat exchange with the organ is provided by the blood, the temperature difference between the organ tissue and the arterial blood is proportional to the arteriovenous difference in oxygen content, does not depend on the blood flow, and cannot exceed 1.3oC. Unlike the equilibrium temperature difference, the rate of change of the local temperature, with respect to time, does depend on the blood flow. In organs with high perfusion rates, such as the brain and muscles, temperature changes occur on a time scale of a few minutes. In organs with low perfusion rates, such changes may have characteristic time constants of tens or hundreds of minutes. Our analysis explains, why arterial blood temperature is the main determinant of the temperature of tissues with limited heat exchange, such as the brain
Intercomparison of ozone vertical profile measurements by differential absorption lidar and IASI/MetOp satellite in the upper troposphere-lower stratosphere
This paper introduces the technique of retrieving the profiles of vertical distribution of ozone considering temperature and aerosol correction in DIAL sounding of the atmosphere. The authors determine wavelengths, which are promising for measurements of ozone profiles in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere. An ozone differential absorption lidar is designed for the measurements. The results of applying the developed technique to the retrieval of the vertical profiles of ozone considering temperature and aerosol correction in the altitude range 6–15 km in DIAL sounding of the atmosphere confirm the prospects of ozone sounding at selected wavelengths of 341 and 299 nm with the proposed lidar. The 2015 ozone profiles retrieved were compared with satellite IASI data and the Kruger model
Phase-Controlled Force and Magnetization Oscillations in Superconducting Ballistic Nanowires
The emergence of superconductivity-induced phase-controlled forces in the
(0.01-0.1) nN range, and of magnetization oscillations, in nanowire junctions,
is discussed. A giant magnetic response to applied weak magnetic fields, is
predicted in the ballistic Josephson junction formed by a superconducting tip
and a surface, bridged by a normal metal nanowire where Andreev states form.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Prospects for the Bc Studies at LHCb
We discuss the motivations and perspectives for the studies of the mesons of
the (bc) family at LHCb. The description of production and decays at LHC
energies is given in details. The event yields, detection efficiencies, and
background conditions for several Bc decay modes at LHCb are estimated.Comment: 20 pages, 5 eps-figure
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