Long term variability of the relationshops between atmospheric circulation and surface climate elemets

The stability of the relationships between atmospheric circulation and the surface climatic variables is an important precondition to construct scenarios of climate change by statistical methods. The aim of the work is therefore to examine if and how the relationships between atmospheric circulation (characterized by geopotenial heights of 500 hPa level) and surface climatic elements (mainly temperature and precipitation) are changing in European region and in the Czech Republic. The relationship between the NAO index and both temperature and precipitation were analysed for long period (1901-99) at 29 resp. 27 European stations. The NAO index strong influences climate in Europe. However, the relationships were changing in time. The course of 31-years running correlation differs between different European regions and different seasons. The circulation modes were identified in geopotential heights of 500 hPa level by rotated principal component analysis for period 1958-98. The climate in Europe is influenced by NAO, EA, EU1, EU2 and NA mode. The variability of the relationships was represented by 15-year running correlations at more than 100 European stations. The regions with similar courses of running correlations were identified by cluster analysis (PAM method). Despite the considerable variability of the..

Václav Vaško - a personality of Catholic dissent

Tématém diplomové práce je osobnost katolického disentu Václav Vaško, katolický laik, diplomat, politický vězeň, významný historik a autor řady knih zabývajících se dějinami katolické církve v Československu v období komunismu. Diplomová práce popisuje detailněji katolické aktivity Václava Vaška spojené s obdobím II. světové války a protikomunistické rezistence a vysvětluje historické souvislosti, které bezprostředně souvisely s Václavem Vaškem. Kromě těchto okolností se práce zaměřuje na fenomén katolického disentu i na obsahové vymezení tohoto pojmu.Katedra filozofieObhájenoThe point of thesis is a personality of the Catholic dissent Václav Vaško, Catholic layman, diplomat, political prisoner, important historian and the author of many books that deal with the history of the Catholic Church in Czechoslovakia in the period of communism. The thesis describes in more detail Catholic activities of Václav Vaško that are linked to the period of the World War II and the anti-communistic resistance and explains the historical context, which directly related to Václav Vaško. Apart from these circumstances, it concentrates more on the phenomenon of Catholic dissent as well as on the content definition of this term

Validation of reanalysis for Central Europe PERUN/Reanalysis

PERUN/Reanalysis is based on the ALADIN numerical forecast model, which has been adapted for climatological calculations. To serve as one of the reference sets for estimating expected climate changes in the coming decades, it needs to undergo validation against station measurements and possibly against other commonly used data sets. In this conference paper, we will examine the validation of basic meteorological quantities across the computational domain of the ALADIN model. To achieve this, we will use station data from the ECA&D database, station data in the regular network (Eobs), and the ERA5 global reanalysis. Validation will be conducted for the period from 1990 to 2014. During validation, our primary focus will be on air temperature (minimum, maximum, and mean) and precipitation. We will also examine additional variables, including wind speed.\

Pražský tepelný ostrov za různých synoptických podmínek

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Compound Temperature and Precipitation Events in the Czech Republic: Differences of Stratiform versus Convective Precipitation in Station and Reanalysis Data

Some natural hazards may result from the coincidences of anomalies of different climatic variables. These so-called compound events can cause extreme impacts. This study analyzes compounds of extreme temperature with notable convective and stratiform precipitation in the Czech Republic during 1982–2016. Characteristics of compound events obtained from 11 stations’ data are compared with those from the gridded ERA-Interim reanalysis. We found that notable stratiform precipitation frequently coincides with warm nights and warm days in winter but with cold days in the other seasons. While the winter stratiform precipitation coinciding with warm days and warm nights is linked to anticyclonic, southwest, northwest, and anticyclonic-northwest circulation types, the northeast type is the most crucial circulation type linked to notable stratiform precipitation coinciding with cold days in all seasons except winter. The compound events of notable convective precipitation occur most frequently in summer and they are joined mainly with warm days. These compound events are associated with anticyclonic, cyclonic, and northwest circulation types. Although the number of days with stratiform compound events is larger in ERA-Interim than in the station data, the results are qualitatively comparable. ERA-Interim is, however, not able to reproduce convective compound events obtained from the station data

Vztahy mezi cirkulačními mody a klimatickými prvky v České republice a jejich časová proměnlivost

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Different patterns of climate change scenarios for short-term and multi-day precipitation extremes in the Mediterranean

30 Pags., 2 Tabls., 10 Figs. The definitive version is available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09218181The study examines climate change scenarios of precipitation extremes over the western, central and part of the eastern Mediterranean region for the late 21st century (2070–99) in an ensemble of high-resolution regional climate model (RCM) simulations from the ENSEMBLES project. Precipitation extremes are considered at a wide range of time scales from hourly to multi-day amounts and in individual seasons (DJF, MAM, JJA, SON). We focus on (1) the dependence of the results on the time scale of precipitation aggregation, (2) seasonal differences, (3) uncertainties of the scenarios related to differences amongst the RCM simulations, and (iv) identification of regions and seasons in which the projected changes in precipitation extremes are particularly large and/or robust in the RCM ensemble. The examined ensemble of RCM simulations captures basic precipitation patterns for the recent climate (1961–90), including seasonal changes. Climate change scenarios for the late 21st century differ substantially for short-term (hourly) and multi-day (5-day and 15-day) precipitation extremes, mainly in the western Mediterranean. Projected increases in short-term extremes exceed those of daily and multi-day extremes, and occur even in regions and seasons in which mean precipitation is projected to decline. This change in the patterns of extreme precipitation may have important hydrological consequences, with increases in the severity of flash floods in a warmer climate in spite of the overall drying projected for the region. However, uncertainty of the scenarios of precipitation extremes related to within-ensemble variability is large. Consistency of the projected changes amongst the RCMs is highest in winter and lowest in summer, and generally it is higher for short-term than multi-day extremes.The study was supported by the Czech Science Foundation under project P209/10/2265 and by CGL2011–24185 financed by the Spanish Commission of Science and Technology (CICYT) and FEDER. Parts of the work were carried out during the stay of the first author at Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, Zaragoza, Spain, funded by Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and the Czech Science Foundation. The research team benefited also through interactions and support within the KLIMATEXT project (CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0086) funded by the European Social Fund, and Grupo de Excelencia E68 financed by the Aragón Government and FEDER. The RCM and E-OBS data were produced by the EU-FP6 project ENSEMBLES (contract number 505539).Peer reviewe