The Arts Economy in 20 Cities: Where Does Atlanta Stand?

The tremendous growth that Atlanta has experienced over the past decade has catapulted the city into a major metropolitan hub. Along with this growth, many issues have gained significance with regards to plans for the city's future direction of growth. One sector in particular that demands greater attention is the area of non-profit arts and art policy. The arts and culture have many perceived benefits for a community. The arts are commonly thought to improve a community's cultural life, revitalize urban areas, and while they also provide a base of support for artists and art organizations, may also ultimately stimulate economic growth. These benefits are thought to yield other desirable outcomes such as a safe and agreeable downtown, and an attractive site for business relocation.Unfortunately, non-profit regional arts in Atlanta have faced challenges in the areas of funding and audience development and there is anecdotal evidence that arts support is being provided by a relatively small segment of society. The Atlanta Arts Think Tank perceived that one appropriate way to validate the importance of these problems was to analyze data on Atlanta's regional performance, relative to other metropolitan peers.The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the factors that might explain the condition of arts organizations in the region. The study compares Atlanta to nineteen of its peers in an attempt to determine where and if Atlanta is falling short, and what can be learned from other communities

Initial Tectonic Deformation of Hemipelagic Sediment at the Leading Edge of the Japan Convergent Margin

Diatomaceous mudstones at depth under the deep sea terrace and the trench inner slope off Japan have been variably affected by tectonic stress. Veins, healed fractures, and microfaults occur at all sites except the shallow Site 435 on the upper trench inner slope and Site 436 on the Pacific Plate. Veins, fractures, and faults occur in cores from below 620 meters (lower to middle Miocene) in the landward sites (438 and 439) on the deep sea terrace, and are probably related to normal faulting seen in seismic records. The depth to "consolidated" sediment and to the first occurrence of veins and healed fractures shallows progressively toward the trench. The intensity of deformation also appears to increase seaward. However, no sediments younger than upper Pliocene are deformed. Open fractures may exist in situ at Sites 434 and 441 at levels between about 150 and 500 meters sub-bottom. The Japan Transect sediments—in contrast to deposits in the zone of initial deformation at other convergent margins though highly deformed, are not highly overconsolidated. However, sediment at depth in the trench inner slope sites is overconsolidated relative to that at the same depth in the landward reference site. None of the deformed Japan margin sediments recovered at Legs 56 and 57 sites originated by accretion of oceanic plate material—also in contrast to sediments at some of the margins previously studied. We suggest that tectonic stress related to convergence has been communicated to the slope sediments on the trench inner slope, either continuously or periodically, causing rapid tectonic dewatering and inducing fracturing and faulting. If episodic, the latest of these deformational periods may have occurred during the late Pliocene. The faults and fractures are either rehealed by continued overburden pressure (sediment loading) or may remain open at shallower levels. Fracturing and dewatering of semiconsolidated sediment beneath an unconsolidated but impermeable mud veneer may cause overpressured zones at depths of 200 to 500 meters. These overpressured zones possibly locally reduce shear strength and cause downslope mass movement of sediment, even on low-angle slopes on the trench inner slope

Towards a Resilient In-Band SDN Control Channel

Towards a Resilient In-Band SDN Control Channe

Sedimentary Evolution of the Japan Fore-Arc Region off Northern Honshu, Legs 56 and 57, Deep Sea Drilling Project

The evolution of Neogene and Quaternary sedimentation in the fore-arc region off northern Honshu is evaluated using multichannel and single-channel seismic records in conjunction with the drill holes of the Japan Trench Transect (DSDP/IPOD Legs 56-57). The outer forearc region, which consisted of older sedimentary rocks and some calc-alkaline volcanic rocks, was subaerially exposed and eroded during the Paleogene and part of the Neogene. The deep sea terrace (fore-arc basin) region subsided below sea level in the early Miocene; most rapid subsidence occurred during the early to middle Miocene. Submergence progressed seaward so that the last vestige of the Oyashio landmass, which is now under the upper trench slope, was below sea level in the latest Miocene. Sediment sources to the outer fore-arc basin changed progressively from lithic, predominantly nonvolcanic material derived from the uplifted landmass during the late Paleogene-early Neogene to volcanic, arc-derived sediment rich in volcanic glass, Plagioclase, and volcanic lithic fragments. The volcaniclastic sediment was probably derived both from Honshu to the west and Hokkaido to the northwest. In response to subsidence the sedimentary depocenters in the fore-arc basin migrated generally seaward through time; the greatest relative seaward migration occurred between the late Miocene and Pliocene. Thick sediment sequences accumulated in slope basins on the trench inner slope. Sediment from the arc moved seaward to spill over the slope via large channels. An abrupt change in morphology and patterns of sedimentation apparently took place in the late Pliocene, coincident with a peak in explosive volcanism recorded in the form of ash layers and increased glass contents in sediment. The deep sea terrace was uplifted several hundreds of meters and a major channel crossing the fore-arc region was tilted landward and filled. At about the same time the midslope terrace basin was created and began rapidly accumulating sediment. The older basins, lower on the trench inner slope, were destroyed, possibly by steep seaward tilting, or filled. Large slump masses were sloughed-off downslope to the trench. Little sediment now accumulates on the trench inner slope in the vicinity of the sites, and older strata crop out on the slope. The locus of deposition has shifted northward off Hokkaido where a large channel feeds sediment to the slope. Large slump masses now fill the trench and are being accreted, creating a "toe" to the slope in this region. The evolution of the fore-arc region off northern Honshu has not been steady state. Tectonic accretion has been discontinuous, and tectonic erosion of the continental margin edge may have occurred periodically. Slope basins have been both created and abruptly destroyed at different points on the trench inner slope. There appears to be little possibility of distinguishing most sediment "scraped off" the oceanic plate from hemipelagic sediment deposited in the fore-arc region of Japan

Фізіологічна активність оздоровлювального напою "Трускавецька кришталева, збагачена алоє". Повідомлення 2: Холеретично-абсорбційний, екскреторно-депураційний та адаптогенний ефекти

Показано, что влияние напитка “Трускавецька кришталева, збагачена алоє“ на холерез, салурез, обмен уратов и состояние адаптации имеет место, но уступает таковому эталона - биоактивной воды "Нафтуся".In rats experiments by comparativ investigations it is shown that tonic drink "Трускавецька кришталева, збагачена алоє" causes effects on cholerese, salurese, exchange of urates and adaptation less than thouse of bioactiv water Naftussya

Burrow morphology and behavior of the mud shrimp Upogebia omissa (Decapoda: Thalassinidea: Upogebiidae)

The burrow morphology, burrowing behavior and feeding mechanisms of the thalassinidean shrimp Upogebia omissa were studied. Twenty burrow casts were made in situ with epoxy resin, and an overall \u27Y\u27 shape was most frequently observed. Several burrows consisted of a single, oblique tunnel; burrow diameter was positively correlated with burrow length, maximum depth and distance between openings. Additionally, burrow length was positively associated with maximum depth, indicating that as burrow length increased burrow depth increased; i.e. burrows spread vertically rather than horizontally. Total sediment displacement by the burrows accounted for 2.6 % of sediment to a depth of 30 cm. The sediment-water interface increased by 290 % in areas containing burrows compared to areas without burrows. Solitary adults were trapped in 15 casts. Three casts were interconnected, but each burrow contained only 1 shrimp. Regression analysis revealed shrimp length to be positively correlated with burrow diameter and area. In aquaria, U. omissa displayed a dual feeding behavior: the shrimp filtered suspended particles, and also fed &redly on the sediment. Filter-feeding occurred mainly within U-shaped tunnels, while deposit-feeding was observed in association with the oblique tunnels of the burrow. Although filter-feeding has been considered as the main trophic mode in upogebiids, we present evidence that U. omissa may have a more pronounced deposit-feeding behavior than described for other species of this group. Based on our findings, we suggest that current models on the functional morphology of burrows in relation to feeding should be used cautiously in inferring the trophic behavior of these shrimp

Translational and reorientational dynamics in carboxylic acid-based deep eutectic solvents

The glass formation and the dipolar reorientational motions in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are frequently overlooked, despite their crucial role in defining the room-temperature physiochemical properties. To understand the effects of these dynamics on the ionic conductivity and their relation to the mechanical properties of the DES, we conducted broadband dielectric and rheological spectroscopy over a wide temperature range on three well-established carboxylic-acid-based natural DESs: These are the eutectic mixtures of choline chloride with oxalic acid (oxaline), malonic acid (maline), and phenylacetic acid (phenylaceline). In all three DESs, we observe signs of a glass transition in the temperature dependence of their dipolar reorientational and structural dynamics, as well as varying degrees of motional decoupling between the different observed dynamics: Maline and oxaline display a breaking of the Walden rule near the glass-transition temperature, while the relation between the dc conductivity and dipolar relaxation time in both maline and phenylaceline is best described by a power law. The glass-forming properties of the investigated systems not only govern the orientational dipolar motions and rheological properties, which are of interest from a fundamental point of view, but they also affect the dc conductivity, even at room temperature, which is of high technical relevance