Magnetic Characteristics of High Entropy Alloys

High entropy alloy (HEA) is a multi-principal alloy having at least five principal elements in the concentration range of 5–35 at.%. HEAs having excellent mechanical properties and further these properties can be altered by the addition of different alloying element. For example with the addition of Al in base alloy make them a ductile and the addition of Co, Ti, etc. transforms base alloy to brittle material. This characteristic of HEAs makes them a promising technologically important material. A soft magnetic material should have good mechanical property, structural stability at high temperature and low coercivity with high magnetization. Recently, reported FeCoNiMn0.25Al0.25 and CoCrFeNiM (M = Cu, Mn) HEAs got attention as a better soft magnetic material because these HEAs having good soft magnetic characteristics along with good mechanical and excellent structural stability at high-temperature. Recent reports described that the mechanical as well as magnetic characteristics of these alloys can be tuned by the variation and/or the addition of alloying element in the base alloys. The magnetic characteristics of these alloys basically depend on the alloying element and compositional variation of the magnetic element present in particular HEAs. We have summarized the key results of magnetic characteristics of some recently investigated promising high entropy alloys

Brucellosis - A major differential for juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Brucellosis is a Gram-negative, aerobic zoonotic infection acquired by Brucella species and transmitted from animals to humansthrough the ingestion of infected food products, direct contact with an infected animal, or inhalation of aerosols. Usually, thedisease remains undiagnosed due to lack of awareness and inadequate reporting and is a challenging health problem in tropicalcountries. We report a case of 16-year-old male presenting to us with chronic inflammatory symmetric polyarthritis misdiagnosedas juvenile idiopathic arthritis but later found to be suffering from brucellosis on reevaluation. Through this case report, we wouldlike to highlight the possibility and advantage of the high degree of suspicion for an infectious etiology responsible for arthritis inthe background of autoimmunity and would also like to emphasize on the possibility of Brucella inducing a false-positive responsefor young patients presenting with arthritis

To see a world : using multiple metaphors in science education

Metaphors play a crucial role in how we conceive and understand new concepts and ideas. Using insights from science education research on the teaching of energy, this article illustrates how the use of multiple metaphors can help present dry, abstract and complex science concepts to students in more lively, engaging and richer ways

Evaluation of coronary arteries in congenital heart disease in children : diagnostic comparison of electrocardiogram-gated and non-electrocardiogram-gated computed tomography cardiac angiograpy

Purpose: To compare the visualization and anatomy of coronary arteries in children (≤ 2 years) with congenital heart disease (CHD) on non-electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated and ECG-gated computed tomography angiography (CTA). Material and methods: In this retrospective study, approved by the Ethics Committee of our institute, evaluation of coronary arteries in CHD was performed in 40 children on non-ECG-gated CTA and in 42 children on ECG-gated CTA. The origin and course of the right coronary artery (RCA), left main coronary artery (LMCA), left anterior descending (LAD) artery, and left circumflex (LCX) artery were evaluated by 2 paediatric radiologists independently. Results: ECG-gated CT scans yielded increased (additional) visualization of all the coronary arteries, when compared to non-ECG-gated CT scans. The RCA, LMCA, LAD artery, and LCX artery were visualized in 47.5%, 62.5%, 55%, and 32.5% of children, respectively, on non-ECG-gated studies, while they were visualized in 64.3%, 92.8%, 80.9%, and 62% children, respectively, on ECG-gated studies. The coronary artery anatomical variations were also supplementarily detected more in the ECG-gated group (23.8%) than in the non-ECG gated group (2.5%). Conclusions: ECG-gated CT cardiac angiography studies yield enhanced diagnostic outcomes for the evaluation of the coronary arteries in comparison to non-ECG-gated studies

Integrated Photonic Platforms for Quantum Technology: A Review

Quantum information processing has conceptually changed the way we process and transmit information. Quantum physics, which explains the strange behaviour of matter at the microscopic dimensions, has matured into a quantum technology that can harness this strange behaviour for technological applications with far-reaching consequences, which uses quantum bits (qubits) for information processing. Experiments suggest that photons are the most successful candidates for realising qubits, which indicates that integrated photonic platforms will play a crucial role in realising quantum technology. This paper surveys the various photonic platforms based on different materials for quantum information processing. The future of this technology depends on the successful materials that can be used to universally realise quantum devices, similar to silicon, which shaped the industry towards the end of the last century. Though a prediction is implausible at this point, we provide an overview of the current status of research on the platforms based on various materials.Comment: 48 pages, 3 figure

Role of Serine/Threonine Kinase 11 (STK11) or liver kinase B1 (LKB1) Gene in Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a well-described inherited syndrome, characterized by the development of gastrointestinal polyps and characteristic mucocutaneous freckling. PJS is an autosomal prevailing disease, due to genetic mutation on chromosome 19p, manifested by restricted mucocutaneous melanosis in association with gastrointestinal (GI) polyposis. The gene for PJS has recently been shown to be a serine/threonine kinase, known as LKB1 or STK11, which maps to chromosome subband 19p13.3. This gene has a putative coding region of 1302 bp, divided into nine exons, and acts as a tumor suppressor in the hamartomatous polyps of PJS patients and in the other neoplasms that develop in PJS patients. It is probable that these neoplasms develop from hamartomas, but it remains possible that the LKB1 or STK11 locus plays a role in a different genetic pathway of tumor growth in the cancers of PJS patients. This article focuses on the role of LKB1 or STK11 gene expression in PJS and related cancers

The viral capsid as novel nanomaterials for drug delivery

The purpose of this review is to highlight recent scientific developments and provide an overview of virus self-assembly and viral particle dynamics. Viruses are organized supramolecular structures with distinct yet related features and functions. Plant viruses are extensively used in biotechnology, and virus-like particulate matter is generated by genetic modification. Both provide a material-based means for selective distribution and delivery of drug molecules. Through surface engineering of their capsids, virus-derived nanomaterials facilitate various potential applications for selective drug delivery. Viruses have significant implications in chemotherapy, gene transfer, vaccine production, immunotherapy and molecular imaging