1,608 research outputs found
Mapping the Kinematical Regimes of Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
We construct a language for identifying kinematical regions of transversely
differential semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering cross sections with
particular underlying partonic pictures, especially in regions of moderate to
low where sensitivity to kinematical effects outside the usual very high
energy limit becomes non-trivial. The partonic pictures map to power law
expansions whose leading contributions ultimately lead to well-known QCD
factorization theorems. We propose methods for estimating the consistency of
any particular region of overall hadronic kinematics with the kinematics of a
given underlying partonic picture. The basic setup of kinematics of
semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering is also reviewed in some detail.Comment: 37 pages, 11 Figure
Fermionic solution of the Andrews-Baxter-Forrester model II: proof of Melzer's polynomial identities
We compute the one-dimensional configuration sums of the ABF model using the
fermionic technique introduced in part I of this paper. Combined with the
results of Andrews, Baxter and Forrester, we find proof of polynomial
identities for finitizations of the Virasoro characters
as conjectured by Melzer. In the thermodynamic limit
these identities reproduce Rogers--Ramanujan type identities for the unitary
minimal Virasoro characters, conjectured by the Stony Brook group. We also
present a list of additional Virasoro character identities which follow from
our proof of Melzer's identities and application of Bailey's lemma.Comment: 28 pages, Latex, 7 Postscript figure
Spatial correlations in vote statistics: a diffusive field model for decision-making
We study the statistics of turnout rates and results of the French elections
since 1992. We find that the distribution of turnout rates across towns is
surprisingly stable over time. The spatial correlation of the turnout rates, or
of the fraction of winning votes, is found to decay logarithmically with the
distance between towns. Based on these empirical observations and on the
analogy with a two-dimensional random diffusion equation, we propose that
individual decisions can be rationalised in terms of an underlying "cultural"
field, that locally biases the decision of the population of a given region, on
top of an idiosyncratic, town-dependent field, with short range correlations.
Using symmetry considerations and a set of plausible assumptions, we suggest
that this cultural field obeys a random diffusion equation.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures; added sociophysics references
Continued Fractions and Fermionic Representations for Characters of M(p,p') minimal models
We present fermionic sum representations of the characters
of the minimal models for all relatively prime
integers for some allowed values of and . Our starting point is
binomial (q-binomial) identities derived from a truncation of the state
counting equations of the XXZ spin chain of anisotropy
. We use the Takahashi-Suzuki method to express
the allowed values of (and ) in terms of the continued fraction
decomposition of (and ) where stands for
the fractional part of These values are, in fact, the dimensions of the
hermitian irreducible representations of (and )
with (and We also establish the duality relation and discuss the action of the Andrews-Bailey transformation in the
space of minimal models. Many new identities of the Rogers-Ramanujan type are
presented.Comment: Several references, one further explicit result and several
discussion remarks adde
Polynomial Identities, Indices, and Duality for the N=1 Superconformal Model SM(2,4\nu)
We prove polynomial identities for the N=1 superconformal model SM(2,4\nu)
which generalize and extend the known Fermi/Bose character identities. Our
proof uses the q-trinomial coefficients of Andrews and Baxter on the bosonic
side and a recently introduced very general method of producing recursion
relations for q-series on the fermionic side. We use these polynomials to
demonstrate a dual relation under q \rightarrow q^{-1} between SM(2,4\nu) and
M(2\nu-1,4\nu). We also introduce a generalization of the Witten index which is
expressible in terms of the Rogers false theta functions.Comment: 41 pages, harvmac, no figures; new identities, proofs and comments
added; misprints eliminate
Electronic stress tensor analysis of hydrogenated palladium clusters
We study the chemical bonds of small palladium clusters Pd_n (n=2-9)
saturated by hydrogen atoms using electronic stress tensor. Our calculation
includes bond orders which are recently proposed based on the stress tensor. It
is shown that our bond orders can classify the different types of chemical
bonds in those clusters. In particular, we discuss Pd-H bonds associated with
the H atoms with high coordination numbers and the difference of H-H bonds in
the different Pd clusters from viewpoint of the electronic stress tensor. The
notion of "pseudo-spindle structure" is proposed as the region between two
atoms where the largest eigenvalue of the electronic stress tensor is negative
and corresponding eigenvectors forming a pattern which connects them.Comment: 22 pages, 13 figures, published online, Theoretical Chemistry
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Identification of undiagnosed atrial fibrillation patients using a machine learning risk prediction algorithm and diagnostic testing (PULsE-AI): Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of stroke, enhanced stroke severity, and other comorbidities. However, AF is often asymptomatic, and frequently remains undiagnosed until complications occur. Current screening approaches for AF lack either cost-effectiveness or diagnostic sensitivity; thus, there is interest in tools that could be used for population screening. An AF risk prediction algorithm, developed using machine learning from a UK dataset of 2,994,837 patients, was found to be more effective than existing models at identifying patients at risk of AF. Therefore, the aim of the trial is to assess the effectiveness of this risk prediction algorithm combined with diagnostic testing for the identification of AF in a real-world primary care setting. Eligible participants (aged ≥30 years and without an existing AF diagnosis) registered at participating UK general practices will be randomised into intervention and control arms. Intervention arm participants identified at highest risk of developing AF (algorithm risk score ≥ 7.4%) will be invited for a 12‑lead electrocardiogram (ECG) followed by two-weeks of home-based ECG monitoring with a KardiaMobile device. Control arm participants will be used for comparison and will be managed routinely. The primary outcome is the number of AF diagnoses in the intervention arm compared with the control arm during the research window. If the trial is successful, there is potential for the risk prediction algorithm to be implemented throughout primary care for narrowing the population considered at highest risk for AF who could benefit from more intensive screening for AF. Trial Registration: NCT04045639
The Interstellar Medium In Galaxies Seen A Billion Years After The Big Bang
Evolution in the measured rest frame ultraviolet spectral slope and
ultraviolet to optical flux ratios indicate a rapid evolution in the dust
obscuration of galaxies during the first 3 billion years of cosmic time (z>4).
This evolution implies a change in the average interstellar medium properties,
but the measurements are systematically uncertain due to untested assumptions,
and the inability to measure heavily obscured regions of the galaxies. Previous
attempts to directly measure the interstellar medium in normal galaxies at
these redshifts have failed for a number of reasons with one notable exception.
Here we report measurements of the [CII] gas and dust emission in 9 typical
(~1-4L*) star-forming galaxies ~1 billon years after the big bang (z~5-6). We
find these galaxies have >12x less thermal emission compared with similar
systems ~2 billion years later, and enhanced [CII] emission relative to the
far-infrared continuum, confirming a strong evolution in the interstellar
medium properties in the early universe. The gas is distributed over scales of
1-8 kpc, and shows diverse dynamics within the sample. These results are
consistent with early galaxies having significantly less dust than typical
galaxies seen at z<3 and being comparable to local low-metallicity systems.Comment: Submitted to Nature, under review after referee report. 22 pages, 4
figures, 4 Extended Data Figures, 5 Extended Data table
Measurement of Recent Exposure to Phlebotomus argentipes, the Vector of Indian Visceral Leishmaniasis, by Using Human Antibody Responses to Sand Fly Saliva
Antibody (IgG) responses to the saliva of Phlebotomus argentipes were investigated using serum samples from regions of India endemic and non-endemic for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). By pre-adsorbing the sera against the saliva of the competing human-biting but non-VL vector P. papatasi, we significantly improved the specificity of a P. argentipes saliva enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Using this method, we observed a statistically significant correlation between antibodies to P. argenitpes saliva and the average indoor density of female sand flies. Additionally, the method was able to detect recent changes in vector exposure when sera from VL patients were assayed before, during, and after hospitalization and protected from sand fly bites under untreated bed nets. Collectively, these results highlight the utility of antibodies to P. argentipes saliva as an important tool to evaluate VL vector control programs
The sero-prevalence and sero-incidence of African horse sickness and equine encephalosis in selected horse and donkey populations in Zimbabwe
Sentinel herds and samples submitted by private equine practitioners were used to determine
the sero-prevalence and sero-incidence of African horse sickness virus (AHSV) and equine
encephalosis virus (EEV) in horse and donkey populations in the Highveld region of
Zimbabwe. The sero-prevalence and sero-incidence of antibodies against these viruses were
determined using the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the
detection of serum antibodies. In donkeys, the median sero-prevalence of AHSV antibodies,
across the three rainy seasons under study, was 75% (inter quartile range [IQR] 67–83), with a
seasonal median sero-incidence of 45% (IQR 40–63). In horses, the median sero-prevalence of
EEV antibodies was 63% (IQR 21–73), with a median seasonal sero-incidence of 10.5% (IQR
10–14), while in donkeys the median sero-prevalence of EEV antibodies was 80% (IQR 67–90),
with a median seasonal sero-incidence of 50% (IQR 40–60). This study highlighted the
significant levels of exposure of donkeys to AHSV and horses and donkeys to EEV in Zimbabwe
despite equine encephalosis remaining unreported by Zimbabwean veterinarians to date.
Most seroconversions in sentinel herd animals to AHSV and EEV occurred towards the end of
the rainy season in March, April and May corresponding to the time of the year when the
Culicoides vectors are in high abundance. In order to determine the clinical significance of these
infections, blood and spleen samples, submitted by private equine veterinary practitioners
over a 5-year period, from horses showing characteristic clinical signs of African horse sickness
were tested for the presence of viral antigen using the antigen capture ELISA. The median
sero-prevalence of AHSV antigen in horses recorded from these samples was 38% (IQR 33–88).
The predominant AHSV antigen from these samples was serotype 7 (33%) followed by
serotype 2 (26%) and serotypes 4 and 8 (16% each). African horse sickness virus serotypes 3
and 9, identified in this study, had not been previously reported in Zimbabwe.The Biomedical Research and Training Institute and the Wellcome Trust.http://www.ojvr.orgam2017Equine Research Centr
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