Reinforced column shafts from the monumental architecture of Italica (prov. Baetica). Implementation of new technologies for the reconstruction of an exceptional practice

Esta investigación tiene por objeto presentar los trabajos en curso en torno a un conjunto de fustes procedente de los órdenes arquitectónicos del conocido como Traianeum de Itálica (provincia Baetica, actual Santiponce, Sevilla), complejo de templo central y pórtico perimetral levantado en la ciudad a comienzos del siglo II d. C. En ellos se observan las huellas dejadas por toda una serie de recursos técnicos tales como grapas, espigas metálicas y cavidades para parches marmóreos, asociada con medidas preventivas de refuerzo de piedra eventualmente quebradiza. Para ello, dado su estado fragmentado y fragmentario, se ha recurrido a la aplicación de técnicas fotogramétricas que permitan la obtención de modelos tridimensionales de las piezas, con el fin de reconstruir el funcionamiento y finalidad mecánica de los citados recursos. En último término, se trata de profundizar en aspectos relacionados con una singular capacidad tecnológica selectiva y con la economía y organización de las obras.The pieces under study presented in this paper come from the already well known “Traianeum” of Italica (prov. Baetica, present Santiponce, Seville), a huge complex area, formed by a wide open square with a main central temple, built according to the extension of the city with a new quarter in Hadrian times. Most of them, fragments of column shafts, offer very peculiar technical features: canals for metallic dowels, cavities for marble tasselli and holes for also metallic staples or cramps. All these systems had the aim of reinforce a valuable material with potential structure problems. The ensemble is unique because of the preservation of a sufficient amount of fragments that allows their complete restitution with the help of photogrammetric techniques in order to obtain three-dimensional models of the pieces and to understand the ancient technologic solutions. Even more, the practices make us reflect about technical skills and economy and organization of constructions

Diseño de un sistema de costos por órdenes específicas en la producción de ladrillos en la empresa Camala E.I.R.L, Cusco, 2021

La finalidad del presente artículo de investigación fue diseñar un sistema de costos por órdenes específicas en la producción de Ladrillos de la Empresa Camala E.I.R.L, Cusco, 2021, mediante el uso de estrategias descriptivas, considerando como metodología de investigación un estudio cualitativo, mediante un diseño de investigación descriptiva. La población y muestra de estudio lo constituye la empresa Camala E.I.R.L., donde se realizaron observaciones para la recopilación de datos. Las observaciones se registraron en notas de campo y se ordenaron en un cuadro de elaboración propia. Respecto al diagnóstico encontrado, la mencionada empresa no manejaba un sistema de costos, ni el personal requerido para su manejo, además de plantear sus precios de venta en base a precios del mercado, lo cual les generó inconvenientes operativos. El sistema actual planteado le permitirá, de manera ordenada, calcular sus costos, considerando los tres pilares: mano de obra, materia prima y costos indirectos de producción; por lo que se concluye que el sistema propuesto, ayudará a mejorar los procesos de producción, y sobre todo a invertir y vender con una visión clara de sus costos en producción e incluso identificando los sobrecostos.LIMAEscuela Profesional de ContabilidadCosto

Evaluación de la peligrosidad sísmica en España para aplicaciones relacionadas con la seguridad nuclear. Resultados preliminares.

En este trabajo se presentan los avances realizados en el marco del proyecto “Evaluación de la Peligrosidad Sísmica en España para aplicaciones relacionadas con la seguridad nuclear” financiado por el Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear. La finalidad última del proyecto es ahondar en el conocimiento de la peligrosidad sísmica y de su incertidumbre en los emplazamientos de instalaciones críticas como instalaciones nucleares y almacenamientos de residuos radiactivos en nuestro país. Con ese propósito, una primera fase del proyecto está destinada a recopilar y estructurar toda la información generada en proyectos previos financiados por el CSN (DAÑOS, SIGMA, PRIOR, EXPEL y DATACIÓN) concerniente a estudio de fallas activas, análisis de paleosismicidad, catálogos sísmicos y de movimiento fuerte del suelo, etc.. Esta información está siendo integrada y unificada en una Base de Datos y en un Sistema de Información Geográfica. Paralelamente, el código informático desarrollado en el proyecto EXPEL está siendo actualizado para desarrollar cálculos de peligrosidad sísmica siguiendo la metodología PSHA de una forma eficiente, incluyendo formulación de un árbol lógico, cuantificación de incertidumbres epistémicas y aleatorias, análisis de sensibilidad de diferentes opciones en los resultados y desagregación. Los resultados preliminares del proyecto son presentados en esta comunicación, dando una orientación hacia futuros desarrollos y toma de decisiones relacionados con la seguridad nuclear

EMOTIONAL PERCEPTION AND CULTURAL MOTIVATION ON LOYALTY TO A WORLD HERITAGE SITES DESTINATION

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the scientific literature in the field of tourism in Latin America (Sucre, Bolivia was named a World Heritage Site (WHS) by UNESCO). This study analyses the relevance of the cultural motivation and emotional experience of the tourist to positively influence the image or the perceived value of the heritage site visited. The research shall also analyse other relationships, such as the positive effect of the perceived value on the loyalty of tourists and the influence of the visitor’s place of origin as a moderating variable in the formation of the image and loyalty to the destination. The analysis was performed by means of structural equation models (SEMs). The data were extracted through fieldwork consisting of interviews with visitors to the city. The results of the research revealed that the perceived value of a heritage destination not only depends on the functional and tangible aspects of the attributes but also on the emotional experience and cultural interest regarding the heritage site visited. Similarly, there is evidence of a relationship between perceived value and a loyal attitude and that it is moderated by the origin of the tourist, this being a great influence in the case of the domestic tourist

Taurocholate-stimulated leukotriene C4 biosynthesis and leukotriene C4-stimulated choleresis in isolated rat liver

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Cysteinyl-containing leukotrienes seem to exert a cholestatic effect. However, leukotriene inhibitors were found to reduce bile salt efflux in isolated rat hepatocytes, suggesting a role for leukotrienes in bile flow formation. METHODS: In the isolated rat liver, the effects of two different concentrations of leukotriene C4 on bile flow and bile salt excretion are analyzed, as well as the possible effect of taurocholate on the hepatic production of cysteinyl-containing leukotrienes. RESULTS: Leukotriene C4 (0.25 fmol) increased bile salt excretion (+22.2%; P < 0.05), whereas a much higher dose (0.25 x 10(6) fmol) showed the known cholestatic effect, reducing bile salt excretion (-25.9%; P < 0.01). These dose-dependent biphasic effects were specific because they could be prevented by the simultaneous administration of cysteinyl-containing leukotriene antagonists. On the other hand, taurocholate administration induced a dose-dependent increase in biliary excretion of cysteinyl-containing leukotrienes. Furthermore, taurocholate increased messenger RNA levels of 5-lipoxygenase, a key enzyme in leukotriene biosynthesis. Taurocholate increase of hepatocyte intracellular calcium was not significant, suggesting that taurocholate effects are not mediated by stimulation of calcium metabolism. CONCLUSIONS: These results constitute evidence for the existence of a positive feedback mechanism by which bile salts stimulate the synthesis of leukotrienes that, in turn, stimulate bile salt excretion

Un estudio de caso de Futurvalía Multiservicios Empresariales

Las personas con discapacidad han sido históricamente un grupo de la sociedad con especiales dificultades de acceso al marco de Derechos Fundamentales. Su inclusión en el mercado laboral suele estar marcado por la estigmatización por parte de quienes les emplean lo que provoca que su tasa de empleo sea especialmente reducida en comparación con las personas sin discapacidad. El presente artículo propone una serie de indicadores de cuantificación y monetización del impacto social generado por la implantación de acciones de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial orientadas a la inclusión laboral de las personas con discapacidad, que complementan y están alineados con el estándar 401 y 413 del GRI (Global Reporting Initiative). Las conclusiones establecen que los niveles de absentismo son inferiores a la media nacional, contribuyendo así a la reducción de los estereotipos o estigmatización. Desde el punto de vista financiero, la inclusión laboral de este segmento de la población proporciona un fuerte impacto a la Administración Pública, tanto desde el ahorro como desde los ingresos directos. Y, finalmente, el acceso al mercado laboral supone un desarrollo personal y profesional para el empleado con discapacidad, que contribuye a la reducción de su nivel de apoyo y a la normalización en su puesto de trabajo

Efectos beneficiosos del consumo de arándanos para la prevención de trastornos metabólicos adquiridos.: Beneficial effects of the consumption of blueberries for the prevention of acquired metabolic diseases.

In Peru and in the contemporary world, there are frequently acquired metabolic disorders such as type hypertension, obesity and diabetes mellitus type 2. Different studies point to new therapeutic routes that involve the acquisition of healthy lifestyles and an approach to their type of diet. In this way, there have been numerous studies that defend the existence of a relationship between the consumption of blueberries and health in recent years. In this perspective, the research aims to determine the beneficial effects of blueberry consumption for the prevention of acquired metabolic disorders. For this, the available scientific evidence was reviewed, after which it was found that blueberries are made up of various bioactives such as vitamins, phenolic acids, stilbenes and dietary flavonoids such as proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins that give them antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic properties; by the fact that they counteract oxidative stress, by neutralizing free radicals through oxidation-reduction reactions, they prevent the release of proinflammatory cytokines and intervene in the processes of regulation of glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and lipid profile.En el Perú y en el mundo contemporáneo, existen trastornos metabólicos adquiridos frecuentes como la hipertensión, obesidad y diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Diferentes estudios señalan nuevas rutas terapéuticas que involucran la adquisición de estilos de vida saludable y un abordaje en el tipo de alimentación. De esta manera, en los últimos años se han elaborado numerosos estudios que defienden la existencia de una relación entre los arándanos y la salud. En esa perspectiva, la investigación tiene como objetivo determinar los efectos beneficiosos del consumo de arándanos para la prevención de trastornos metabólicos adquiridos. Para ello, se revisó la evidencia científica disponible, tras lo cual se encontró que los arándanos se componen de diversos bioactivos como vitaminas, ácidos fenólicos, estilbenos y flavonoides dietéticos como las proantocianidinas y antocianinas que le otorgan&nbsp; propiedades antioxidantes, antiinflamatorias e hipoglucemiantes; en virtud de que contrarrestan el estrés oxidativo, al neutralizar los radicales libres mediante reacciones de óxido-reducción, evitan la liberación de citocinas proinflamatorias e intervienen en los procesos de regulación del metabolismo de la glucosa, la sensibilidad insulínica y el perfil lipídico

Prevalence and Risk Factors of MASLD and Liver Fibrosis amongst the Penitentiary Population in Catalonia: The PRISONAFLD Study

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; Metabolic syndrome; PrisonMalaltia hepàtica esteatòtica associada a disfunció metabòlica; Síndrome metabòlica; PresóEnfermedad hepática esteatósica asociada a disfunción metabólica; Síndrome metabólico; PrisiónBackground and Aims: The prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases, particularly metabolic syndrome (MetS), has increased among the prison population. Nevertheless, we have limited data on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), the hepatic manifestation of this syndrome. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of MASLD and MASLD-associated liver fibrosis in the penitentiary population in Catalonia, Spain. Method: A cross-sectional observational study involving eight penitentiary centers. Participants had at least one metabolic disorder and were at a closed-regimen penitentiary. Individuals with concomitant liver diseases and/or alcohol risk consumption were excluded. Significant fibrosis and MASLD were defined as liver stiffness ≥8 kPa and a controlled attenuation parameter ≥275 dB/m by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE), respectively. After exclusions, metabolic inmates with VCTE were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of MASLD and MASLD-associated significant fibrosis. Results: Out of the 4338 inmates studied, 1290 (29.7%) had metabolic disorders, and 646 (14.9%) underwent VCTE. The mean age was 48.0 years (SD 12.1), and 89.5% were male. MASLD prevalence was 33.9%. Significant fibrosis and MASLD-associated significant fibrosis were found in 16.4% and 9.4% of inmates, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, T2D, waist circumference, MetS, and higher ALT values were identified as independent risk factors for MASLD and MASLD-associated significant fibrosis amongst the prison population. Conclusions: Metabolic disorders including MASLD are highly prevalent among inmates. The prevalence of significant fibrosis seems notably higher than that of the general population, underscoring the need for targeted screening programs and therapeutic interventions in the incarcerated population

Re-irradiation of silver nanoparticles obtained by laser ablation in water and assessment of their antibacterial effect

The rapid evolution of resistant bacteria is a huge problem in medicine because makes the treatment of infections more and more difficult. The bactericidal properties of noble metal nanoparticles could be a solution. In this work silver nanoparticles were produced by using two nanosecond Nd:YVO4 lasers operating at 1064 and 532 nm respectively to ablate a silver target submerged in pure de-ionized water. Part of the resulting colloidal solution was injected as a fine stream by a compressed air system and re-irradiated one and three times with the same laser to resize and get uniform nanoparticles. The obtained nanoparticles by ablation and re-irradiation consisted of crystalline Ag nanoparticles with a bimodal size distribution. The particle size has been reduced by subsequent laser re-irradiation with both laser sources, reaching a 40% of mean size reduction. Inhibitory effects on the proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus was demonstrated on silver nanoparticles obtained after re-irradiation with the infrared laser.Postprint (author's final draft

The association between blood pressure and lipid levels in Europe

Objectives: Several studies have suggested a positive association between serum lipid levels and blood pressure (BP). This study investigated this association in a large population from 12 European countries. Methods: Data were taken from the European Study on Cardiovascular Risk Prevention and Management in Usual Daily Practice (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00882336). Associations between BP and lipid levels in patients free from cardiovascular disease and with at least one major cardiovascular disease risk factor (N=7641) were assessed using linear regression analyses. Results: Overall, 72.8 and 64.8% of patients had hypertension and dyslipidaemia, respectively; 47.0% had both conditions. Regression coefficients (95% confidence interval) for the associations of LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels with SBP, adjusted for age, sex and BMI, were 0.93 mmHg/mmol per l (0.54-1.31), 1.07 mmHg/mmol per l (0.73-1.40), 1.02 mmHg/mmol per l (0.69-1.35) and 4.94 mmHg/g per l (3.43-6.46), respectively. The corresponding values (95% confidence interval) for the associations with DBP were 0.96 mmHg/mmol per l (0.73-1.19), 0.95 mmHg/mmol per l (0.75-1.15), 0.87 mmHg/mmol per l (0.67-1.07) and 4.33 mmHg/g per l (3.42-5.23), respectively. Most of these associations remained significant whether patients were treated with statins or not. Conclusion: Small but statistically significant associations between lipid levels and BP were observed in a large, multinational European population. Further research is warranted to assess the causality of this association and its implications on the management of patients with both hypertension and dyslipidaemia