Incorporação de PET pós-consumo em misturas de PEAD virgem compatibilizadas / Incorporation of post-consumer PET into virgin PEAD compatible blends

O politereftalato de etileno (PET) é um dos principais constituintes dos resíduos sólidos urbanos. A reciclagem de refugos é um processo estratégico que viabiliza a expansão do mercado de plásticos, podendo gerar novos produtos, além de minimizar o impacto ambiental causado pelo descarte incorreto das embalagens PET. A obtenção de blendas poliméricas com as poliolefinas é uma alternativa nesse processo. Entretanto, o PET e as poliolefinas são imiscíveis, formando blendas com baixa adesão interfacial, tendo-se a necessidade de compatibilização. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho avaliou a influência de diferentes teores do compatibilizante polietileno de alta densidade graftizado com anidrido maleico (PEAD-g-MA), 5 e 10% m/m, nas propriedades físico-mecânicas, térmicas, estruturais e reológicas de blendas de PEAD virgem e PET pós-consumo (80/20) preparadas em extrusora mono-rosca. A adição do PET e do compatibilizante promoveram mudanças nas propriedades físico-mecânicas dos materiais. A técnica de espectroscopia na região do infravermelho mostra uma possível ocorrência de trans-reações nas misturas compatibilizadas. As análises termogravimétrica e dinâmico-mecânica indicam a imiscibilidade das blendas

Levantamento dos distúrbios do sono no âmbito da APAC Santa Luzia-MG seguido da proposta de uma abordagem multidisciplinar / Survey of sleep disorders in the framework from APAC Santa Luzia-MG followed by the proposal for a multidisciplinary approach

Introdução: O projeto de extensão (A)penas Humanos, desenvolvido pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, baseado em intervenções interdisciplinares e multidisciplinares, visa prestar assistência aos recuperandos que vivem na Associação de Proteção e Assistência aos Condenados (APAC). Em casos de desequilíbrios de sono desencadeados pela privação de liberdade, existe uma possibilidade de desenvolvimento de transtornos do sono que podem estar acompanhados de alterações psíquicas e cognitivas. Objetivos: Levantar dados sobre os distúrbios do sono no âmbito da APAC Santa Luzia-MG, seguido da proposta de uma abordagem multidisciplinar com recuperandos. Metodologia: Visando a promoção de saúde, dentro diretrizes da política de extensão da PUC MINAS, os extensionistas do curso de Fisioterapia, juntamente com os da Psicologia e Filosofia, propuseram uma oficina multidisciplinar cujo intuito foi abordar o assunto Higiene do Sono, nos contextos fisiológicos, psicológicos e espirituais, após aplicação da Escala de Sonolência de Epworth (ESE). Resultados: A partir da aplicação da ESE, foi possível observar um déficit na qualidade do sono dos recuperandos. A abordagem utilizada para exposição do assunto proporcionou um feedback satisfatório por parte daqueles que aderiram à proposta multidisciplinar voltada para promoção de saúde. Conclusão: A partir do presente estudo, foi possível levantar a demanda para o desenvolvimento de um projeto de pesquisa mais aprofundado

PREFERÊNCIA PARA OVIPOSIÇÃO DE TELENOMUS PODISI (ASHMEAD) (HYMENOPTERA: PLATYGASTRIDAE) POR OVOS DE GLYPHEPOMIS SP. BERG, 1891 (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) DE DIFERENTES IDADES DE DESENVOLVIMENTO EMBRIONÁRIO

Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer a preferência para oviposição de Telenomus podisi por ovos de Glyphepomis sp. de diferentes idades de desenvolvimento embrionário. O trabalho foi condu-zido em sala climatizada sob temperatura de 26±1oC, umidade relativa de 70±10% e fotofase de 14 ho-ras. Para sua realização foram confeccionadas cartelas de cartolina de coloração branca e retangulares(0,8 cm x 5 cm), sendo que em cada uma foram fixados com cola branca uma postura de Glyphepomis sp. de acordo com a idade do desenvolvimento embrionário (menos de 24 horas, um, dois, três e quatro dias) a qual foi oferecida para o parasitismo, por um período de 24 horas. Foram avaliados os parâme-tros: parasitismo (%), a porcentagem de emergência (viabilidade), a porcentagem de ninfas emergidas, a porcentagem de ovos parasitados não emergidos, o tempo total de desenvolvimento de ovo à emergência do adulto (TTDOEA) (dias), o número de fêmeas por postura, o número de machos por postura e a razão sexual. Conclui-se que T. podisi apresentou preferência por ovos do Glyphepomis sp. com desenvolvi-mento embrionário de menos de 24 horas, um e dois dias.Palavras-chave: Controle biológico. Parasitoide de ovos. Pentatomidae.OVIPOSITION PREFERENCE TELENOMUS PODISI (ASHMEAD) (HYMENOPTERA: PLATYGASTRIDAE) FOR EGGS GLYPHEPOMIS SP. BERG, 1891 (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) OF DIFFERENT EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENTAL STAGESABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to know the Glyphepomis sp. eggs oviposition preference by Telenomus podisi in different embryonic development ages. The study was done using the multiple choice test and carried out in an acclimatized room under temperature (26 ± 1oC) and relative humidity (70±10%) adequate and a photophase of 14 hours. To carry out the experiment, rectangular white blister cardboards (0.8 cm x 5.0 cm) were done and, in each one, a Glyphepomis sp. laying was affixed with a white glue (tenaz-like) according to the embryo development age (younger than 24 hours, 1, 2, 3, and four days) offered to parasitism by a 24 hours period. The parasitism (%), the emergence percentage (viability), the percentage of emerged nymphs, the non-emerged parasite eggs percentage, the total development from egg to the adult emergence – TTDOEA (days), the females per laying, the number of males per laying, and the sexual ratio were evaluated. We concluded that Telenomus podisi early development (smaller than 24 hours), one, and 24 hours, one and two days of Glyphepomis sp. eggs preference was demonstrated.KEYWORDS: Biological control. Parasitoid eggs. Pentatomidae.PREFERENCIA PARA LA POSTURA DE HUEVOS DE TELENOMUS PODISI (ASHMEAD) (HYMENOPTERA: PLATYGASTRIDAE) EN HUEVOS DE GLYPHEPOMIS SP. BERG, 1891 (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) DE DIFERENTES EDA-DES DE DESARROLLO EMBRIONARIO.RESUMEN: El presente trabajo objetiva conocer la preferencia para la postura de huevos de T. podisi en huevos de Glyphepomis sp. de diferentes edades de desarrollo embrionario. El trabajo fue realizado en un salón climatizado bajo condiciones adecuadas de temperatura 26 ± 1oC, humedad relativa de 70±10% y fotofase de 14 horas. Para la realización del experimento fueron elaborados carteles de cartulina blanca rectangulares (0,8 cm x 5 cm), siendo que en cada uno de ellos fueron fijados con pegante blanco (tipo tenaz) una postura de Glyphepomis sp. de acuerdo con la edad de desarrollo embrionario (menos de 24 horas, uno, dos, tres y cuatro días) que fueron ofrecidos para el parasitismo por un periodo de 24 horas. Fueron evaluados los siguientes parámetros: parasitismo (%), el porcentaje de emergencia (viabilidad), el porcentaje de ninfas emergidas, el porcentaje de huevos parasitados no emergidos, el tiempo total de de-sarrollo desde huevo hasta la emergencia del adulto (TTDOEA) (días), el número de hembras por postura, el número de machos por postura y la razón sexual. Se puede concluir que T. podisi presentó preferencia por los huevos con desarrollo embrionario de menos de 24 horas, uno y dos días, siendo posiblemente, los más adecuados para ser utilizados en programas de control biológico de Gliphepomis sp. en el cultivo de arroz.PALABRAS CLAVE: Control biológico. Parasitoide de huevos. Pentatomida

Ichthyofauna of Ceará-Mirim River basin, Rio Grande do Norte State, northeastern Brazil

Ichthyological studies in coastal basins of the Mid-Northeastern Caatinga ecoregion were first conducted in the early 20th century, including collections from the Ceará-Mirim River basin, in northeastern Brazil. Besides a few systematics and ecological studies, the knowledge on fishes from this watershed is still considered partial and restricted to the freshwater portion. Thus, the objective of this paper was to conduct a comprehensive ichthyological survey of the entire Ceará-Mirim River basin, from the headwaters to the estuarine area. Fish surveys were conducted from 2011 to 2016 using varied fishing gear, resulting in the record of 63 native species (24 freshwater, 15 estuarine, and 24 marine species) and two introduced species. Four species are putatively endemic to the ecoregion, and 48 consist of new records for the basin. According to the Brazilian’s threatened fish list, three species are currently classified as ‘vulnerable’ (Megalops atlanticus, Hippocampus reidi and Mycteroperca bonaci), four as ‘near threatened’ (Kryptolebias hermaphroditus, Dormitator maculatus, Lutjanus sygnagris and L. jocu) and three as ‘data deficient’ (Cheirodon jaguaribensis, Mugil curema and Sphoeroides testudineus). The Ceará-Mirim River basin does not have any protected areas and has been suffering multiple anthropogenic impacts, however the "Centro Tecnológico de Aquicultura" (Aquaculture Technological Center) of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (CTA/UFRN) at the lower portion of the basin may help in the conservation of the estuarine and estuarine fish species

Transcutaneous Neuromodulation for Constipation and Fecal Incontinence in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Introduction: Constipation is a disorder with a multifactorial origin. Constipation has a varied clinical presentation, including infrequent defecation of bulky stools and episodes of retentive fecal incontinence. Neuromodulation has been used to treat many health problems, with promising results. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of randomized clinical trials based on the effects of transcutaneous neuromodulation in treating constipation and retentive fecal incontinence in children and adolescents. Methods: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials was performed. Medline (PubMed), PEDro, SciELO, Cochrane (CENTRAL), Embase, and Scopus databases were searched from March 2000 to August 2022. We included clinical trials evaluating transcutaneous neuromodulation in children with constipation and fecal incontinence compared or associated with other types of treatment. Two reviewers independently selected relevant studies, assessed the methodological quality, and extracted the data. Results: Three studies with 164 participants were included in this review. Two meta-analyses were generated based on these studies. These analyses revealed that transcutaneous neuromodulation is an effective adjuvant treatment modality that improves children’s constipation and retentive fecal incontinence. The methodological quality of the included studies was classified as high based on the assessment of the quality of evidence, with a high degree of confidence based on the GRADE system. Conclusions: Transcutaneous neuromodulation is an effective adjuvant treatment modality for children with constipation and retentive fecal incontinence

Cutaneous leishmaniasis mimicking cutaneous lymphoma

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is caused by protozoa of Leishmania genus that are transmitted to humans through the bite of sand flies (Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus). The infection is classically manifested as multiple or single ulcers affecting cutaneous and/or mucosal areas of the body. Atypical lesions are relatively uncommon, being able to simulate a large variety of benign and malign dermatological disorders. In this article, we described a case of CL mimicking a clinical presentation of cutaneous lymphoma. Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Lymphoma, Differential diagnosi

Evaluation of the right ventricular function in dogs with brachycephalic syndrome before and after rhinoplasty

Brachycephalic dogs are usually affected by primary and secondary anatomical changes in the airways that contribute to the brachycephalic syndrome. Chronically, these changes contribute to an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and right cardiac overload (cor pulmonale). The right cardiac function in 17 dogs with brachycephalic syndrome was assessed using echocardiography before, and at 30 and 60 days after rhinoplasty. The maximum pulmonary systolic flow velocity, the pressure gradient between the AP and RV (GrFP), the right ventricular systolic function (tricuspid ring systolic excursion (TAPSE), the variation of the right ventricular area (FAC), the velocity of the systolic displacement of the right ventricular myocardium (S’) by tissue Doppler) and right ventricular diastolic function (transtricuspid flow and the relationship between the E and A waves, evaluation of the E’ and A’ waves using tissue Doppler of the free wall of the right ventricle) were evaluated. The right ventricular fractional area, velocity, and pressure gradient of pulmonary arterial flow showed the best sensitivity in these analyses. The present study reinforces the concept that obstructions in the anterior airways contribute to pulmonary hypoxia. However, the correction of these obstructions proved to be beneficial in the reduction of right heart overload

Implementation of a Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program for improvement on quality of diet and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events: A randomized, multicenter trial

Background: Appropriate dietary recommendations represent a key part of secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated the effectiveness of the implementation of a nutritional program on quality of diet, cardiovascular events, and death in patients with established CVD. Methods: In this open-label, multicenter trial conducted in 35 sites in Brazil, we randomly assigned (1:1) patients aged 45 years or older to receive either the BALANCE Program (experimental group) or conventional nutrition advice (control group). The BALANCE Program included a unique nutritional education strategy to implement recommendations from guidelines, adapted to the use of affordable and regional foods. Adherence to diet was evaluated by the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index. The primary end point was a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke, myocardial revascularization, amputation, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Secondary end points included biochemical and anthropometric data, and blood pressure levels. Results: From March 5, 2013, to Abril 7, 2015, a total of 2534 eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the BALANCE Program group (n = 1,266) or the control group (n = 1,268) and were followed up for a median of 3.5 years. In total, 235 (9.3%) participants had been lost to follow-up. After 3 years of follow-up, mean modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (scale 0-70) was only slightly higher in the BALANCE group versus the control group (26.2 ± 8.4 vs 24.7 ± 8.6, P <.01), mainly due to a 0.5-serving/d greater intake of fruits and of vegetables in the BALANCE group. Primary end point events occurred in 236 participants (18.8%) in the BALANCE group and in 207 participants (16.4%) in the control group (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI 0.95-1.38; P =.15). Secondary end points did not differ between groups after follow-up. Conclusions: The BALANCE Program only slightly improved adherence to a healthy diet in patients with established CVD and had no significant effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events or death. © 2019 The Author