Anatomical, histochemical and immunohistochemical characterization of the outflow tract of ray hearts (Rajiformes; Chondrichthyes)

El resumen aparece en el Program & Abstracts of the 11th International Congress of Vertebrate Morphology, Washington DC 2016. Anatomical Record, Volume 299, Special Feature: 264.Recent work has shown that the cardiac outflow tract of sharks and chimaeras does not consist of a single myocardial component, the conus arteriosus, as classically accepted, but two, namely, the myocardial conus arteriosus and the non-myocardial bulbus arteriosus. However, the anatomical composition of the outflow tract of the batoid hearts remains unknown. The present study was designed to fill this gap. The material examined consisted of hearts of two species of rays, namely, the Mediterranean starry ray (Raja asterias) and sandy ray (Leucoraja circularis). They were studied using scanning electron microscopy, and histochemical and inmunohistochemical techniques. In both species, the outflow tract consists of two components, proximal and distal with regard to the ventricle. The proximal component is the conus arteriosus; it is characterized by the presence of compact myocardium in its wall and several transverse rows of pocket-shaped valves at its luminal side. Each valve consists of a leaflet and its supporting sinus. Histologically, the leaflet has two fibrosas, inner and outer, and a middle coat, the spongiosa. The distal component lacks myocardium. Its wall consists of smooth muscle cells, elastic fibers and collagen. Thus, it shows an arterial-like structure. However, it differs from the aorta because it is covered by the epicardium and crossed by coronary arteries. These findings indicate that the distal component is morphologically equivalent to the bulbus arteriosus of sharks and chimaeras. In contrast to foregoing descriptions, the valves of the first transverse row are distally anchored to the bulbus arteriosus and not to the ventral aorta. Our findings give added support to the notion that presence of a bulbus arteriosus at the arterial pole of the heart is common to all chondrichtyans, and not an apomorphy of actinopterygians as classically thought.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. CGL2014-52356-P, CEIMAR, BIO 203, FEDE

La configuración del tracto de salida cardiaco en los vertebrados pisciformes

La noción clásica relativa a la anatomía del corazón de los vertebrados pisciformes ha cambiado notablemente en los últimos años. Anteriormente se asumía que el tracto de salida cardiaco de los condrictios es estructuralmente diferente del de los teleósteos. En los primeros, el tracto de salida es de naturaleza miocárdica y se denomina cono arterioso, mientras que en los segundos se denomina bulbo arterioso y carece de musculatura cardiaca. Según esta noción clásica, en el curso de la evolución de los actinopterigios, el cono arterioso habría disminuido su tamaño de forma concomitante con la aparición y desarrollo del bulbo arterioso. No obstante, algunos trabajos antiguos en los que se describe el corazón de determinadas especies de condrictios y de actinopterigios no teleósteos, tales como los polipteriformes, refieren que el tracto de salida consta de dos porciones, una miocárdica, proximal con respecto al ventrículo, y otra, distal, no miocárdica. Investigaciones recientes han puesto de manifiesto que el tracto de salida cardiaco de los condrictios está constituido en realidad por un componente proximal, el cono arterioso, de naturaleza miocárdica, y un componente distal, no miocárdico, homólogo al bulbo arterioso de los actinopterigios. Estos dos componentes coexisten también en el polo arterioso de los polipterifomes. Asimismo, se ha observado que el cono arterioso está presente en todos los grupos de teleósteos. Este componente cardiaco está muy reducido e incluso llega a ser vestigial tanto en grupos que divergieron tempranamente, como los osteoglosomorfos, como en grupos apicales, tales como los perciformes. En conclusión, en contraposición a la noción clásica, el polo arterioso de todos los vertebrados pisciformes está constituido por dos componentes, uno proximal y el otro distal con respecto al ventrículo, que son el cono arterioso y el bulbo arterioso. Esta configuración se ha conservado en el curso de la evolución de los diversos grupos de vertebrados pisciformes.CGL2014-52356-P (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad), FPU15/03209 (Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte), fondos FEDER. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Proteomic Studies Reveal Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1 as a Player in Both Neurodevelopment and Synaptic Function

A balanced chromosomal translocation disrupting DISC1 (Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1) gene has been linked to psychiatric diseases, such as major depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Since the discovery of this translocation, many studies have focused on understating the role of the truncated isoform of DISC1, hypothesizing that the gain of function of this protein could be behind the neurobiology of mental conditions, but not so many studies have focused in the mechanisms impaired due to its loss of function. For that reason, we performed an analysis on the cellular proteome of primary neurons in which DISC1 was knocked down with the goal of identifying relevant pathways directly affected by DISC1 loss of function. Using an unbiased proteomic approach, we found that the expression of 31 proteins related to neurodevelopment (e.g., CRMP-2, stathmin) and synaptic function (e.g., MUNC-18, NCS-1) is altered by DISC1 in primary mouse neurons. Hence, this study reinforces the idea that DISC1 is a unifying regulator of both neurodevelopment and synaptic function, thereby providing a link between these two key anatomical and cellular circuitries.This research was funded by ERANET-NEURON, grant DISCover (National funding institution grants: ISCIII PI09/2688 and BMBF 01EW1003, respectively, to J.R.R. and C.K.), and grants from the DFG (Ko1679/3-1), NARSAD 2013 Independent Investigator Award #20350 and EU-FP MC-ITN "IN-SENS" #607616) (C.K.); The Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (SAF2011-30494 and BFU2017-86692-P, partially funded by European Union regional funds (FRDER)); the Departments of Industry, Tourism and Trade (Etortek) and Innovation Technology of the Government of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country (R.M.K. and I.G-E.); and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (SAF2013-45014-R, A.G., SAF2011-30494 (R.M.K. and I.G-E.))S

Structural and Lattice-Dynamical Properties of Tb2O3 under Compression: A Comparative Study with Rare Earth and Related Sesquioxides

[EN] We report a joint experimental and theoretical investigation of the high pressure structural and vibrational properties of terbium sesquioxide (Tb2O3). Powder X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering measurements show that cubic Ia (3 ) over bar (C-type) Tb2O3 undergoes two phase transitions up to 25 GPa. We observe a first irreversible reconstructive transition to the monoclinic C2/m (B-type) phase at similar to 7 GPa and a subsequent reversible displacive transition from the monoclinic to the trigonal P (3) over bar m1 (A-type) phase at similar to I-2 GPa. Thus, Tb2O3 is found to follow the well- known C -> B -> A phase transition sequence found in other cubic rare earth sesquioxides with cations of larger atomic mass than Tb. Our ab initio theoretical calculations predict phase transition pressures and bulk moduli for the three phases in rather good agreement with experimental results. Moreover, Raman-active modes of the three phases have been monitored as a function of pressure, while lattice-dynamics calculations have allowed us to confirm the assignment of the experimental phonon modes in the C- and A-type phases as well as to make a tentative assignment of the symmetry of most vibrational modes in the B-type phase. Finally, we extract the bulk moduli and the Raman-active mode frequencies together with their pressure coefficients for the three phases of Tb2O3 . These results are thoroughly compared and discussed in relation to those reported for rare earth and other related sesquioxides as well as with new calculations for selected sesquioxides. It is concluded that the evolution of the volume and bulk modulus of all the three phases of these technologically relevant compounds exhibit a nearly linear trend with respect to the third power of the ionic radii of the cations and that the values of the bulk moduli for the three phases depend on the filling of the f orbitals.The authors are thankful for the financial support of Generalitat Valenciana under Project PROMETEO 2018/123-EFIMAT and of the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad under Projects MAT2015-71035-R, MAT2016-75586-C4-2/3/4-P, and FIS2017-2017-83295-P as well as MALTA Consolider Team research network under project RED2018-102612-T. J.A.S. also acknowledges the Ramon y Cajal program for funding support through RYC-2015-17482. A.M. and P.R.-H. acknowledge computing time provided by Red Española de Supercomputación (RES) and the MALTA Consolider Team cluster. HP-XRD experiments were performed at MPSD beamline of Alba Synchrotron (experiment no. 2016071772). We would like to thank Oriol Blázquez (Universitat de Barcelona) for his contribution to the Raman measurements.Ibañez, J.; Sans-Tresserras, JÁ.; Cuenca-Gotor, VP.; Oliva, R.; Gomis, O.; Rodríguez-Hernández, P.; Muñoz, A.... (2020). Structural and Lattice-Dynamical Properties of Tb2O3 under Compression: A Comparative Study with Rare Earth and Related Sesquioxides. Inorganic Chemistry. 59(14):9648-9666. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00834S964896665914Pan, T.-M., Chen, F.-H., & Jung, J.-S. (2010). Structural and electrical characteristics of high-k Tb2O3 and Tb2TiO5 charge trapping layers for nonvolatile memory applications. Journal of Applied Physics, 108(7), 074501. doi:10.1063/1.3490179Kao, C. H., Liu, K. C., Lee, M. H., Cheng, S. N., Huang, C. H., & Lin, W. K. (2012). High dielectric constant terbium oxide (Tb2O3) dielectric deposited on strained-Si:C. Thin Solid Films, 520(8), 3402-3405. doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2011.10.173Gray, N. W., Prestgard, M. C., & Tiwari, A. (2014). 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High-pressure phase transition in Mn2O3: Application for the crystal structure and preferred orientation of the CaIrO3type. Geophysical Research Letters, 33(15). doi:10.1029/2006gl026423Shim, S.-H., LaBounty, D., & Duffy, T. S. (2011). Raman spectra of bixbyite, Mn2O3, up to 40 GPa. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 38(9), 685-691. doi:10.1007/s00269-011-0441-4Hong, F., Yue, B., Hirao, N., Liu, Z., & Chen, B. (2017). Significant improvement in Mn2O3 transition metal oxide electrical conductivity via high pressure. Scientific Reports, 7(1). doi:10.1038/srep44078Yusa, H., Tsuchiya, T., Sata, N., & Ohishi, Y. (2008). Rh2O3(II)-type structures inGa2O3andIn2O3under high pressure: Experiment and theory. Physical Review B, 77(6). doi:10.1103/physrevb.77.064107Liu, D., Lei, W. W., Zou, B., Yu, S. D., Hao, J., Wang, K., … Zou, G. T. (2008). High-pressure x-ray diffraction and Raman spectra study of indium oxide. Journal of Applied Physics, 104(8), 083506. doi:10.1063/1.2999369Qi, J., Liu, J. F., He, Y., Chen, W., & Wang, C. (2011). Compression behavior and phase transition of cubic In2O3 nanocrystals. Journal of Applied Physics, 109(6), 063520. doi:10.1063/1.3561363Garcia-Domene, B., Ortiz, H. M., Gomis, O., Sans, J. A., Manjón, F. J., Muñoz, A., … Tyagi, A. K. (2012). High-pressure lattice dynamical study of bulk and nanocrystalline In2O3. Journal of Applied Physics, 112(12), 123511. doi:10.1063/1.4769747García-Domene, B., Sans, J. A., Gomis, O., Manjón, F. J., Ortiz, H. M., Errandonea, D., … Segura, A. (2014). Pbca-Type In2O3: The High-Pressure Post-Corundum phase at Room Temperature. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 118(35), 20545-20552. doi:10.1021/jp5061599Gomis, O., Santamaría-Pérez, D., Ruiz-Fuertes, J., Sans, J. A., Vilaplana, R., Ortiz, H. M., … Mollar, M. (2014). High-pressure structural and elastic properties of Tl2O3. Journal of Applied Physics, 116(13), 133521. doi:10.1063/1.4897241Mcclure, J. P. High Pressure Phase Transistions in the Lanthanide Sesquioxides. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 2009, pp 1–154.Hirosaki, N., Ogata, S., & Kocer, C. (2003). Ab initio calculation of the crystal structure of the lanthanide Ln2O3 sesquioxides. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 351(1-2), 31-34. doi:10.1016/s0925-8388(02)01043-5Marsella, L., & Fiorentini, V. (2004). Structure and stability of rare-earth and transition-metal oxides. Physical Review B, 69(17). doi:10.1103/physrevb.69.172103Petit, L., Svane, A., Szotek, Z., & Temmerman, W. M. (2005). First-principles study of rare-earth oxides. Physical Review B, 72(20). doi:10.1103/physrevb.72.205118WU, B., ZINKEVICH, M., WANG, C., & ALDINGER, F. (2006). Ab initio energetic study of oxide ceramics with rare-earth elements. Rare Metals, 25(5), 549-555. doi:10.1016/s1001-0521(06)60097-1Singh, N., Saini, S. M., Nautiyal, T., & Auluck, S. (2006). Electronic structure and optical properties of rare earth sesquioxides (R2O3, R=La, Pr, and Nd). Journal of Applied Physics, 100(8), 083525. doi:10.1063/1.2353267Mikami, M., & Nakamura, S. (2006). Electronic structure of rare-earth sesquioxides and oxysulfides. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 408-412, 687-692. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.01.068Wu, B., Zinkevich, M., Aldinger, F., Wen, D., & Chen, L. (2007). Ab initio study on structure and phase transition of A- and B-type rare-earth sesquioxides Ln2O3 (Ln=La–Lu, Y, and Sc) based on density function theory. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 180(11), 3280-3287. doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2007.09.022Rahm, M., & Skorodumova, N. V. (2009). Phase stability of the rare-earth sesquioxides under pressure. Physical Review B, 80(10). doi:10.1103/physrevb.80.104105Jiang, H., Gomez-Abal, R. I., Rinke, P., & Scheffler, M. (2009). Localized and Itinerant States in Lanthanide Oxides United byGW @ LDA+U. Physical Review Letters, 102(12). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.102.126403Gillen, R., Clark, S. J., & Robertson, J. (2013). Nature of the electronic band gap in lanthanide oxides. Physical Review B, 87(12). doi:10.1103/physrevb.87.125116Richard, D., Muñoz, E. L., Rentería, M., Errico, L. A., Svane, A., & Christensen, N. E. (2013). AbinitioLSDA and LSDA+Ustudy of pure and Cd-doped cubic lanthanide sesquioxides. Physical Review B, 88(16). doi:10.1103/physrevb.88.165206Richard, D., Errico, L. A., & Rentería, M. (2016). Structural properties and the pressure-induced C → A phase transition of lanthanide sesquioxides from DFT and DFT + U calculations. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 664, 580-589. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.12.236Ogawa, T., Otani, N., Yokoi, T., Fisher, C. A. J., Kuwabara, A., Moriwake, H., … Takata, M. (2018). Density functional study of the phase stability and Raman spectra of Yb2O3, Yb2SiO5 and Yb2Si2O7 under pressure. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 20(24), 16518-16527. doi:10.1039/c8cp02497aPathak, A. K., & Vazhappilly, T. (2018). Ab Initio Study on Structure, Elastic, and Mechanical Properties of Lanthanide Sesquioxides. physica status solidi (b), 255(6), 1700668. doi:10.1002/pssb.201700668Lonappan, D., Chandra Shekar, N. V., Sahu, P. C., Kumar, J., Paul, R., & Paul, P. (2010). Unusually large structural stability of terbium oxide phase under high pressure. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 490(1-2), 47-49. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.10.068Veber, P., Velázquez, M., Gadret, G., Rytz, D., Peltz, M., & Decourt, R. (2015). Flux growth at 1230 °C of cubic Tb2O3single crystals and characterization of their optical and magnetic properties. CrystEngComm, 17(3), 492-497. doi:10.1039/c4ce02006eIbáñez,

Experimental and theoretical study of α–Eu2(MoO4)3 under compression

The compression process in the α-phase of europium trimolybdate was revised employing several experimental techniques. X-ray diffraction (using synchrotron and laboratory radiation sources), Raman scattering and photoluminescence experiments were performed up to a maximum pressure of 21 GPa. In addition, the crystal structure and Raman mode frequencies have been studied by means of first-principles density functional based methods. Results suggest that the compression process of α-Eu2(MoO4)3 can be described by three stages. Below 8 GPa, the α-phase suffers an isotropic contraction of the crystal structure. Between 8 and 12 GPa, the compound undergoes an anisotropic compression due to distortion and rotation of the MoO4 tetrahedra. At pressures above 12 GPa, the amorphization process starts without any previous occurrence of a crystalline-crystalline phase transition in the whole range of pressure. This behavior clearly differs from the process of compression and amorphization in trimolybdates with β′-phase and tritungstates with α-phase.We thank Diamond Light Source for access to beamline I15 (EE1746) that contributed to the results presented here. Part of the diffraction measurements were performed at the 'Servicio Integrado de Difraccion de Rayos X (SIDIX)' of University of La Laguna. This work has been supported by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad of Spain (MINECO) for the research projects through the National Program of Materials (MAT2010-21270-C04-01/02/03/04, MAT2013-46649-C41/2/3/4-P and MAT2013-43319-P), the Consolider-Ingenio 2010 MALTA (CSD2007-00045), the project of Generalitat Valenciana (GVA-ACOMP/2014/243) and by the European Union FEDER funds. C Guzman-Afonso wishes to thank ACIISI and FSE for a fellowship. J A Sans thanks the FPI and 'Juan de la Cierva' programs for fellowships.Guzmán-Afonso, C.; León-Luis, S.; Sans-Tresserras, JÁ.; González -Silgo, C.; Rodríguez-Hernández, P.; Radescu, S.;  muñoz, A.... (2015). Experimental and theoretical study of α–Eu2(MoO4)3 under compression. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 27(46):465401-1-465401-11. https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/27/46/465401S465401-1465401-11274

Structural, Vibrational, and Electronic Study of Sb2S3 at High Pressure

Antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3), found in nature as the mineral stibnite, has been studied under compression at room temperature from a joint experimental and theoretical perspective. X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering measurements are complemented with ab initio total-energy, lattice-dynamics, and electronic structure calculations. The continuous changes observed in the volume, lattice parameters, axial ratios, bond lengths, and Raman mode frequencies as a function of pressure can be attributed to the different compressibility along the three orthorhombic axes in different pressure ranges, which in turn are related to the different compressibility of several interatomic bond distances in different pressure ranges. The structural and vibrational properties of Sb2S3 under compression are compared and discussed in relation to isostructural Bi2S3 and Sb2Se3. No first-order phase transition has been observed in Sb2S3 up to 25 GPa, in agreement with the stability of the Pnma structure in Bi2S3 and Sb2Se3 previously reported up to 50 GPa. Our measurements and calculations do not show evidence either for a pressure-induced second-order isostructural phase transition or for an electronic topological transition in Sb2S3.This work has been performed under financial support from Spanish MINECO under Projects MAT2013-46649-C4-2/3-P and MAT2015-71070-REDC. This publication is fruit of "Programa de Valoracion y Recursos Conjuntos de I+D+i VLC/CAMPUS" and has been financed by the Spanish Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte, as part of "Programa Campus de Excelencia Internacional" through Projects SP20140701 and SP20140871. These experiments were performed at BL04-MSPD beamline at ALBA Synchrotron with the collaboration of ALBA staff. Supercomputer time has been provided by the Red Espanola de Supercomputacion (RES) and the MALTA cluster. J.A.S. acknowledges financial support through Juan de la Cierva fellowship.Ibáñez, J.; Sans-Tresserras, JÁ.; Popescu, C.; López-Vidrier, J.; Elvira-Betanzos, J.; Cuenca Gotor, VP.; Gomis, O.... (2016). Structural, Vibrational, and Electronic Study of Sb2S3 at High Pressure. Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 19(120):10547-10558. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b01276S10547105581912

Arsenolite: a quasi-hydrostatic solid pressure transmitting medium

This study reports the experimental characterization of the hydrostatic properties of arsenolite (As4O6), a molecular solid which is one of the softest minerals in the absence of hydrogen bonding. The high compressibility of arsenolite and its stability up to 15GPa have been proved by x-ray diffraction measurements, and the progressive loss of hydrostaticity with increasing pressure up to 20GPa has been monitored by ruby photoluminescence. Arsenolite has been found to exhibit hydrostatic behavior up to 2.5GPa and a quasi-hydrostatic behavior up to 10GPa at room temperature. This result opens the way to explore other molecular solids as possible quasi-hydrostatic pressure-transmitting media. The validity of arsenolite as an insulating, stable, non-penetrating and quasi-hydrostatic medium is explored by the study of the x-ray diffraction of zeolite ITQ-29 at high pressure.This work has been performed with financial support from Spanish MINECO under projects MAT2013-46649-C4-2/3-P and MAT2015-71070-REDC. JAS acknowledges the 'Ramon y Cajal' fellowship program for financial support. We also thank D Calatayud, J J Garcia, T M Godoy, A Zapata, and A Cuenca for fruitful discussions. The authors thank ALBA light source for beam allocation at beamline MSPD. JLJ and FR acknowledge financial support through the SEV-2012-0267, Consolider Ingenio 2010-Multicat (CSD-2009-0050) and MAT2015-71842-P (MINECO/FEDER) projects.Sans-Tresserras, JÁ.; Manjón, FJ.; Popescu, C.; Muñoz, A.; Rodríguez-Hernández, P.; Jordá, JL.; Rey Garcia, F. (2016). Arsenolite: a quasi-hydrostatic solid pressure transmitting medium. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 28(47):475403-1-475403-7. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/28/47/475403S475403-1475403-7284

Pressure-induced amorphization of YVO4:Eu3+ nanoboxes

This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article published in Nanotechnology. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/27/2/025701A structural transformation from the zircon-type structure to an amorphous phase has been found in YVO4:Eu3+ nanoboxes at high pressures above 12.7 GPa by means of x-ray diffraction measurements. However, the pair distribution function of the high-pressure phase shows that the local structure of the amorphous phase is similar to the scheelite-type YVO4. These results are confirmed both by Raman spectroscopy and Eu3+ photoluminescence which detect the phase transition to a scheelite-type structure at 10.1 and 9.1 GPa, respectively. The irreversibility of the phase transition is observed with the three techniques after a maximum pressure in the upstroke of around 20 GPa. The existence of two D-5(0)-> F-7(0) photoluminescence peaks confirms the existence of two local environments for Eu3+, at least for the low-pressure phase. One environment is the expected for substituting Y3+ and the other is likely a disordered environment possibly found at the surface of the nanoboxes.This work has been performed under financial support from Spanish MINECO under the National Program of Materials (MAT2013-46649-C4-1/2/3/4-P) and the Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Program (MALTA CSD2007-00045). Funding by the Fundacion Caja Canarias (ENER-01) and the EU-FEDER funds is also acknowledged. JR-F thanks the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for a postdoctoral fellowship and NS thanks the German Research Foundation (DFG) for financial support (Project RA2585/1-1). We acknowledge Diamond Light Source for time on beamline I15 under proposals EE3652 and EE6517. Parts of this research were carried out at the light source PETRA III at DESY (Hamburg), a member of the Helmholtz Association (HFG). We would like to thank H-P Liermann and W Morgenroth for assistance in using beamline P02.2.Ruiz Fuertes, J.; Gomis, O.; León Luis, SF.; Schrodt, N.; Manjón Herrera, FJ.; Ray, S.; Santamaría Pérez, D.... (2016). Pressure-induced amorphization of YVO4:Eu3+ nanoboxes. Nanotechnology. 27(2):025701-1-025701-8. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/27/2/025701S025701-1025701-8272Piot, L., Le Floch, S., Cornier, T., Daniele, S., & Machon, D. (2013). Amorphization in Nanoparticles. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 117(21), 11133-11140. doi:10.1021/jp401121cZhang, F. X., Wang, J. W., Lang, M., Zhang, J. M., Ewing, R. C., & Boatner, L. A. (2009). High-pressure phase transitions ofScPO4andYPO4. Physical Review B, 80(18). doi:10.1103/physrevb.80.184114Lacomba-Perales, R., Errandonea, D., Meng, Y., & Bettinelli, M. (2010). High-pressure stability and compressibility ofAPO4(A=La, Nd, Eu, Gd, Er, and Y) orthophosphates: An x-ray diffraction study using synchrotron radiation. Physical Review B, 81(6). doi:10.1103/physrevb.81.064113Yuan, H., Wang, K., Li, S., Tan, X., Li, Q., Yan, T., … Zou., B. (2012). Direct Zircon-to-Scheelite Structural Transformation in YPO4 and YPO4:Eu3+ Nanoparticles Under High Pressure. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 116(46), 24837-24844. doi:10.1021/jp3088995Mishra, A. K., Garg, N., Pandey, K. K., Shanavas, K. V., Tyagi, A. K., & Sharma, S. M. (2010). Zircon-monoclinic-scheelite transformation in nanocrystalline chromates. Physical Review B, 81(10). doi:10.1103/physrevb.81.104109Wang, L., Yang, W., Ding, Y., Ren, Y., Xiao, S., Liu, B., … Mao, H. (2010). Size-Dependent Amorphization of NanoscaleY2O3at High Pressure. Physical Review Letters, 105(9). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.105.095701Mukherjee, S., Kim, K., & Nair, S. (2007). 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Vibrational study of HgGa2S4 under high pressure

In this work, we report on high-pressure Raman scattering measurements in mercury digallium sulfide (HgGa2S4) with defect chalcopyrite structure that have been complemented with lattice dynamics ab initio calculations. Our measurements evidence that this semiconductor exhibits a pressure-induced phase transition from the completely ordered defect chalcopyrite structure to a partially disordered defect stannite structure above 18 GPa which is prior to the transition to the completely disordered rocksalt phase above 23 GPa. Furthermore, a completely disordered zincblende phase is observed below 5 GPa after decreasing pressure from 25 GPa. The disordered zincblende phase undergoes a reversible pressure-induced phase transition to the disordered rocksalt phase above 18 GPa. The sequence of phase transitions here reported for HgGa2S4 evidence the existence of an intermediate phase with partial cation-vacancy disorder between the ordered defect chalcopyrite and the disordered rocksalt phases and the irreversibility of the pressure-induced order-disorder processes occurring in ordered-vacancy compounds. The pressure dependence of the Raman modes of all phases, except the Raman-inactive disordered rocksalt phase, have been measured and discussed.This study was supported by the Spanish government MEC under Grant No: MAT2010-21270-C04-01/03/04, by MALTA Consolider Ingenio 2010 project (CSD2007-00045), and by the Vicerrectorado de Investigacion y Desarrollo of the Universidad Politecnica de Valencia (UPV2011-0914 PAID-05-11 and UPV2011-0966 PAID-06-11). E. P.-G., P. R.-H., and A. M. acknowledge computing time provided by Red Espanola de Supercomputacion (RES) and MALTA-Cluster. 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