Abrupt Rise of the Longitudinal Recoil Ion Momentum Distribution for Ionizing Collisions

We report on the experimental observation of an abrupt rise in the longitudinal momentum distribution of recoil ions created in proton helium collision. The details of this structure can be related to electrons traveling with the velocity of the projectile [electron capture to the continuum (ECC)]. The longitudinal as well as the transverse distribution of the recoil ions can be explained as a continuation of the momentum distribution from ions resulting from electron capture illustrating the smooth transition from the capture to bound states of the projectile to the ECC.Fil: Weber, Th.. Institut für Kernphysik; AlemaniaFil: Khayyat, Kh.. Institut für Kernphysik; AlemaniaFil: Dörner, R.. Universität Freiburg; AlemaniaFil: Rodríguez Chariarse, Vladimir Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Mergel, V.. Institut für Kernphysik; AlemaniaFil: Jagutzk, O.. Institut für Kernphysik; AlemaniaFil: Schmidt, L.. Institut für Kernphysik,; AlemaniaFil: Müller, K. A.. Institut für Kernphysik; AlemaniaFil: Afaneh, F.. Institut für Kernphysik; AlemaniaFil: Gonzalez, A.. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Schmidt-Böcking, H.. Institut für Kernphysik; Alemani

Behavior of tumors under nonstationary theraphy

We present a model for the interaction dynamics of lymphocytes-tumor cells population. This model reproduces all known states for the tumor. Futherly,we develop it taking into account periodical immunotheraphy treatment with cytokines alone. A detailed analysis for the evolution of tumor cells as a function of frecuency and theraphy burden applied for the periodical treatment is carried out. Certain threshold values for the frecuency and applied doses are derived from this analysis. So it seems possible to control and reduce the growth of the tumor. Also, constant values for cytokines doses seems to be a succesful treatment.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure

Vibrational properties of CdGa2S4 at high pressure

[EN] Raman scattering measurements have been performed in cadmium digallium sulphide (CdGa2S4) with defect chalcopyrite structure up to 25 GPa in order to study its pressure-induced phase transitions. These measurements have been complemented and compared with latticedynamics ab initio calculations including the TO-LO splitting at high pressures in order to provide a better assignment of experimental Raman modes. In addition, experimental and theoretical Gruneisen parameters have been reported in order to calculate the molar heat capacity and thermal expansion coefficient of CdGa2S4. Our measurements provide evidence that CdGa2S4 undergoes an irreversible phase transition above 15 GPa to a Raman-inactive phase, likely with a disordered rock salt structure. Moreover, the Raman spectrum observed on downstroke from 25 GPa to 2 GPa has been attributed to a new phase, tentatively identified as a disordered zinc blende structure, that undergoes a reversible phase transition to the Raman-inactive phase above 10 GPa. Published under license by AIP Publishing.The authors thank the financial support of the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) under Grant Nos. MAT2016-75586-C4-2/3-P and MAT2015-71070-REDC (MALTA Consolider) and the Generalitat Valenciana under Project No. PROMETEO/2018/123-EFIMAT. E. P.-G., A. M., and P. R.-H. acknowledge computing time provided by Red Espanola de Supercomputacion (RES) and MALTA-Cluster.Gallego-Parra, S.; Gomis, O.; Vilaplana Cerda, RI.; Ortiz, H.; Perez-Gonzalez, E.; Luna Molina, R.; Rodríguez-Hernández, P.... (2019). Vibrational properties of CdGa2S4 at high pressure. Journal of Applied Physics. 125(11):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5080503S11212511Gomis, O., Santamaría-Pérez, D., Vilaplana, R., Luna, R., Sans, J. A., Manjón, F. J., … Ursaki, V. V. (2014). Structural and elastic properties of defect chalcopyrite HgGa2S4 under high pressure. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 583, 70-78. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.08.123Cohen, M. L. (1985). Calculation of bulk moduli of diamond and zinc-blende solids. Physical Review B, 32(12), 7988-7991. doi:10.1103/physrevb.32.7988Kim, J. W., & Kim, Y. J. (2007). Optical Properties of Eu Doped M-Ga2S4 (M:Zn, Ca, Sr) Phosphors for White Light Emitting Diodes. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 7(11), 4065-4068. doi:10.1166/jnn.2007.066Yu, R., Noh, H. M., Moon, B. K., Choi, B. C., Jeong, J. H., Jang, K., … Jang, J. K. (2013). Photoluminescence properties of a new red-emitting Mn-activated ZnGa2S4 phosphor. Materials Research Bulletin, 48(6), 2154-2158. doi:10.1016/j.materresbull.2013.02.017Liang, F., Kang, L., Lin, Z., Wu, Y., & Chen, C. (2017). Analysis and prediction of mid-IR nonlinear optical metal sulfides with diamond-like structures. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 333, 57-70. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2016.11.012Sahariya, J., Kumar, P., & Soni, A. (2017). Structural and optical investigations of ZnGa2X4 (X = S, Se) compounds for solar photovoltaic applications. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 199, 257-264. doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.07.003Syrbu, N. N., Tiron, A. V., Parvan, V. I., Zalamai, V. V., & Tiginyanu, I. M. (2015). Interference of birefractive waves in CdGa2S4 crystals. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 463, 88-92. doi:10.1016/j.physb.2015.02.007Vilaplana, R., Gomis, O., Manjón, F. J., Ortiz, H. M., Pérez-González, E., López-Solano, J., … Tiginyanu, I. M. (2013). Lattice Dynamics Study of HgGa2Se4at High Pressures. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 117(30), 15773-15781. doi:10.1021/jp402493rGrzechnik, A., Ursaki, V. V., Syassen, K., Loa, I., Tiginyanu, I. M., & Hanfland, M. (2001). Pressure-Induced Phase Transitions in Cadmium Thiogallate CdGa2Se4. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 160(1), 205-211. doi:10.1006/jssc.2001.9224Gomis, O., Vilaplana, R., Manjón, F. J., Ruiz-Fuertes, J., Pérez-González, E., López-Solano, J., … Tiginyanu, I. M. (2015). HgGa2 Se4 under high pressure: An optical absorption study. physica status solidi (b), 252(9), 2043-2051. doi:10.1002/pssb.201451714Rahnamaye Aliabad, H. A., Basirat, S., & Ahmad, I. (2017). Structural, electronical and thermoelectric properties of CdGa2S4 compound under high pressures by mBJ approach. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 28(21), 16476-16483. doi:10.1007/s10854-017-7559-1Ursaki, V. V., Burlakov, I. I., Tiginyanu, I. M., Raptis, Y. S., Anastassakis, E., & Anedda, A. (1999). 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A., … Burke, K. (2008). Restoring the Density-Gradient Expansion for Exchange in Solids and Surfaces. Physical Review Letters, 100(13). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.100.136406Sans, J. Á., Santamaría-Pérez, D., Popescu, C., Gomis, O., Manjón, F. J., Vilaplana, R., … Tiginyanu, I. M. (2014). Structural and Vibrational Properties of CdAl2S4under High Pressure: Experimental and Theoretical Approach. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 118(28), 15363-15374. doi:10.1021/jp5037926Lottici, P. P., & Razzetti, C. (1984). Raman scattering in mixed defect chalcopyrite crystals. Journal of Molecular Structure, 115, 133-136. doi:10.1016/0022-2860(84)80032-0Kerimova, T. G., Abdullaev, N. A., Mamedova, I. A., Badalova, Z. I., Guliev, R. A., Paucar, R., … Mamedov, N. T. (2013). Optical phonons in CdGa2S4x Se4(1 − x) alloys. Semiconductors, 47(6), 761-766. doi:10.1134/s1063782613060110Tiginyanu, I. M., Lottici, P. P., Razzetti, C., & Gennari, S. (1993). Effects of the Cations on the Raman Spectra of Sulphur Defect Chalcopyrites. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 32(S3), 561. doi:10.7567/jjaps.32s3.561Kerimova, T. G., Mamedova, I. A., Abdullayev, N. A., Asadullayeva, S. Q., & Badalova, Z. I. (2014). Raman scattering in ZnGa2Se4 single crystals. Semiconductors, 48(7), 868-871. doi:10.1134/s1063782614070112Razzetti, C., & Lottici, P. P. (1993). Raman Scattering in Defective AIIB2IIIX4VICompounds and Alloys. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 32(S3), 431. doi:10.7567/jjaps.32s3.431Syrbu, N. N., Nemerenco, L. L., & Cojocaru, O. (2002). Vibrational and Polariton Spectra of CdGa2S4 and CdAl2S4 Crystals. Crystal Research and Technology, 37(1), 101-110. doi:10.1002/1521-4079(200202)37:13.0.co;2-dGomis, O., Vilaplana, R., Manjón, F. J., Santamaría-Pérez, D., Errandonea, D., Pérez-González, E., … Ursaki, V. V. (2013). High-pressure study of the structural and elastic properties of defect-chalcopyrite HgGa2Se4. Journal of Applied Physics, 113(7), 073510. doi:10.1063/1.4792495Gomis, O., Ortiz, H. M., Sans, J. A., Manjón, F. J., Santamaría-Pérez, D., Rodríguez-Hernández, P., & Muñoz, A. (2016). InBO3 and ScBO3 at high pressures: An ab initio study of elastic and thermodynamic properties. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 98, 198-208. doi:10.1016/j.jpcs.2016.07.002K. R. Allakhverdiev, Frontiers of High Pressure Research II: Application of High Pressure to Low-Dimensional Novel Electronic Materials (Springer, 2001), p. 99.Lottici, P. P., & Razzetti, C. (1983). A comparison of the raman spectra of ZnGa2Se4 and other gallium defect chalcopyrites. Solid State Communications, 46(9), 681-684. doi:10.1016/0038-1098(83)90506-9Sanjuán, M. L., & Morón, M. C. (2002). Raman study of Zn1−xMnxGa2Se4 diluted magnetic semiconductors: disorder and resonance effects. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 316-317, 565-567. doi:10.1016/s0921-4526(02)00574-4Radautsan, S. I., Tiginyanu, I. M., Ursakii, V. V., Fomin, V. M., & Pokatilov, E. P. (1990). The Peculiarities of the Temperature Broadening of Raman Light Scattering Lines in Zn(Cd)Ga2Se4 Single Crystals. physica status solidi (b), 162(1), K63-K66. doi:10.1002/pssb.2221620143Bernard, J. E., & Zunger, A. (1988). Ordered-vacancy-compound semiconductors: PseudocubicCdIn2Se4. Physical Review B, 37(12), 6835-6856. doi:10.1103/physrevb.37.6835Manjón, F. J., Gomis, O., Vilaplana, R., Sans, J. A., & Ortiz, H. M. (2013). Order-disorder processes in adamantine ternary ordered-vacancy compounds. physica status solidi (b), 250(8), 1496-1504. doi:10.1002/pssb.201248596Mitani, T., Naitou, T., Matsuishi, K., Onari, S., Allakhverdiev, K., Gashimzade, F., & Kerimova, T. (2003). Raman scattering in CdGa2Se4 under pressure. physica status solidi (b), 235(2), 321-325. doi:10.1002/pssb.200301579Meenakshi, S., Vijyakumar, V., Godwal, B. K., Eifler, A., Orgzall, I., Tkachev, S., & Hochheimer, H. D. (2006). High pressure X-ray diffraction study of CdAl2Se4 and Raman study of AAl2Se4 (A=Hg, Zn) and CdAl2X4 (X=Se, S). Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 67(8), 1660-1667. doi:10.1016/j.jpcs.2006.02.015Manjón, F. J., Marí, B., Serrano, J., & Romero, A. H. (2005). Silent Raman modes in zinc oxide and related nitrides. Journal of Applied Physics, 97(5), 053516. doi:10.1063/1.1856222H. Bilz and W. Kress, Phonon Dispersion Relations in Insulators (Springer, 1979), p. 110.Cheng, Y. C., Jin, C. Q., Gao, F., Wu, X. L., Zhong, W., Li, S. H., & Chu, P. K. (2009). Raman scattering study of zinc blende and wurtzite ZnS. Journal of Applied Physics, 106(12), 123505. doi:10.1063/1.3270401(2017). Theoretical Analysis of Elastic, Mechanical and Phonon Properties of Wurtzite Zinc Sulfide under Pressure. Crystals, 7(6), 161. doi:10.3390/cryst7060161González, J., Fernández, B. J., Besson, J. M., Gauthier, M., & Polian, A. (1992). High-pressure behavior of Raman modes inCuGaS2. Physical Review B, 46(23), 15092-15101. doi:10.1103/physrevb.46.15092Talwar, D. N., Vandevyver, M., Kunc, K., & Zigone, M. (1981). Lattice dynamics of zinc chalcogenides under compression: Phonon dispersion, mode Grüneisen, and thermal expansion. Physical Review B, 24(2), 741-753. doi:10.1103/physrevb.24.741Griesinger, A., Spindler, K., & Hahne, E. (1999). Measurements and theoretical modelling of the effective thermal conductivity of zeolites. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 42(23), 4363-4374. doi:10.1016/s0017-9310(99)00096-4Hofmeister, A. M., & Mao, H. -k. (2002). Redefinition of the mode Gruneisen parameter for polyatomic substances and thermodynamic implications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99(2), 559-564. doi:10.1073/pnas.241631698Miller, S. A., Gorai, P., Ortiz, B. R., Goyal, A., Gao, D., Barnett, S. A., … Toberer, E. S. (2017). Capturing Anharmonicity in a Lattice Thermal Conductivity Model for High-Throughput Predictions. Chemistry of Materials, 29(6), 2494-2501. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b04179Zeier, W. G., Zevalkink, A., Gibbs, Z. M., Hautier, G., Kanatzidis, M. G., & Snyder, G. J. (2016). Thinking Like a Chemist: Intuition in Thermoelectric Materials. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 55(24), 6826-6841. doi:10.1002/anie.201508381Barron, T. H. . (1957). Grüneisen parameters for the equation of state of solids. Annals of Physics, 1(1), 77-90. doi:10.1016/0003-4916(57)90006-4Arora, A. K. (1990). Grüneisen parameter of soft phonons and high pressure phase transitions in semiconductors. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 51(4), 373-375. doi:10.1016/0022-3697(90)90122-vGrüneisen, E. (1912). Theorie des festen Zustandes einatomiger Elemente. Annalen der Physik, 344(12), 257-306. doi:10.1002/andp.19123441202Mishra, K. K., Bevara, S., Ravindran, T. R., Patwe, S. J., Gupta, M. K., Mittal, R., … Tyagi, A. K. (2018). High pressure behavior of complex phosphate K2Ce[PO4]2: Grüneisen parameter and anharmonicity properties. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 258, 845-853. doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2017.12.022Manjon, F. J., Tiginyanu, I., & Ursaki, V. (Eds.). (2014). Pressure-Induced Phase Transitions in AB2X4 Chalcogenide Compounds. Springer Series in Materials Science. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-40367-5Allakhverdiev, K., Gashimzade, F., Kerimova, T., Mitani, T., Naitou, T., Matsuishi, K., & Onari, S. (2003). Raman scattering under pressure in ZnGa2Se4. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 64(9-10), 1597-1601. doi:10.1016/s0022-3697(03)00077-5Parlak, C., & Eryiğit, R. (2006). Ab initiovolume-dependent elastic and lattice dynamical properties of chalcopyriteCuGaSe2. Physical Review B, 73(24). doi:10.1103/physrevb.73.245217Kern, G., Kresse, G., & Hafner, J. (1999). Ab initiocalculation of the lattice dynamics and phase diagram of boron nitride. Physical Review B, 59(13), 8551-8559. doi:10.1103/physrevb.59.8551B. A. Weinstein and R. Zallen, Light Scattering in Solids IV (Springer, 1984), p. 463.Schwer, H., & Krämer, V. (1990). The crystal structures of CdAl2S4, HgAl2S4, and HgGa2S4. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 190(1-2), 103-110. doi:10.1524/zkri.1990.190.1-2.103Mamedov, K. K., Aliev, M. M., Kerimov, I. G., & Kh. Nani, R. (1972). Heat capacity of AIIB2IIIC4VI-type ternary semiconducting compounds at low temperatures. Physica Status Solidi (a), 9(2), K149-K152. doi:10.1002/pssa.2210090255Quintero, M., Morocoima, M., Guerrero, E., & Ruiz, J. (1994). Temperature variation of lattice parameters and thermal expansion coefficients of the compound MnGa2Se4. Physica Status Solidi (a), 146(2), 587-593. doi:10.1002/pssa.2211460203Ravindran, T. R., Arora, A. K., & Mary, T. A. (2000). High Pressure Behavior ofZrW2O8: Grüneisen Parameter and Thermal Properties. 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Método para el diagnóstico de las relaciones intersectoriales en el modelo de desarrollo municipal

Con el  objetivo de diseñar un método que permita el diagnóstico de las relaciones intersectoriales, y la coordinación entre las estrategias de desarrollo, y los sectores claves de la economía  en el sistema de gestión estratégica  del municipio de Nuevitas, provincia de Camagüey, se utilizaron los métodos de análisis, síntesis, el sistémico  para concebir el carácter de las interacciones entre sus componentes, las entrevistas, encuestas,  y el análisis documental, los que posibilitaron caracterizar la situación actual del municipio. Se develó en el diagnóstico que no se introduce el análisis de las relaciones intersectoriales, lo cual se encuentra influenciado, por las deficiencias que aún existen en cuanto al diseño de la metodología para el diagnóstico estratégico situacional. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, se identificaron las insuficiencias existentes en cuanto al estado de las relaciones intersectoriales en las entidades seleccionadas, lo cual manifiesta  una deficiente coordinación entre los diferentes sectores, evidenciando las  potencialidades y restricciones, debilidades y amenazas, fortalezas y oportunidades que existen en el municipio, siendo necesario se elabore en el diagnóstico la problemática que afecta las relaciones intersectoriales en las estrategias de desarrollo. La propuesta metodológica para el diagnóstico tiene como principales supuestos, que los diagnósticos deben establecer métodos para incluir el análisis de las relaciones horizontales entre los diferentes sectores, hacia el logro de la convergencia con la estrategia de desarrollo en el municipio y una mayor eficiencia en los programas de desarrollo integral.  &nbsp

Sublittoral soft bottom communities and diversity of Mejillones Bay in northern Chile (Humboldt Current upwelling system)

The macrozoobenthos of Mejillones Bay (23°S; Humboldt Current) was quantitatively investigated over a 7-year period from austral summer 1995/1996 to winter 2002. About 78 van Veen grab samples taken at six stations (5, 10, 20 m depth) provided the basis for the analysis of the distribution of 60 species and 28 families of benthic invertebrates, as well as of their abundance and biomass. Mean abundance (2,119 individuals m-2) was in the same order compared to a previous investigation; mean biomass (966 g formalin wet mass m-2), however, exceeded prior estimations mainly due to the dominance of the bivalve Aulacomya ater. About 43% of the taxa inhabited the complete depth range. Mean taxonomic Shannon diversity (H', Log e) was 1.54 ± 0.58 with a maximum at 20 m (1.95 ± 0.33); evenness increased with depth. The fauna was numerically dominated by carnivorous gastropods, polychaetes and crustaceans (48%). About 15% of the species were suspensivorous, 13% sedimentivorous, 11% detritivorous, 7% omnivorous and 6% herbivorous. Cluster analyses showed a significant difference between the shallow and the deeper stations. Gammarid amphipods and the polychaete family Nephtyidae characterized the 5-mzone, the molluscs Aulacomya ater, Mitrella unifasciata and gammarids the intermediate zone, while the gastropod Nassarius gayi and the polychaete family Nereidae were most prominent at the deeper stations. The communities of the three depth zones did not appear to be limited by hypoxia during non-El Niño conditions. Therefore, no typical change in community structure occurred during El Niño 1997–1998, in contrast to what was observed for deeper faunal assemblages and hypoxic bays elsewhere in the coastal Humboldt Current system

Mitofusin 2 in POMC neurons connects ER stress with leptin resistance and energy imbalance

Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) plays critical roles in both mitochondrial fusion and the establishment of mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) interactions. Hypothalamic ER stress has emerged as a causative factor for the development of leptin resistance, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we show that mitochondria-ER contacts in anorexigenic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the hypothalamus are decreased in diet-induced obesity. POMC-specific ablation of Mfn2 resulted in loss of mitochondria-ER contacts, defective POMC processing, ER stress-induced leptin resistance, hyperphagia, reduced energy expenditure, and obesity. Pharmacological relieve of hypothalamic ER stress reversed these metabolic alterations. Our data establish MFN2 in POMC neurons as an essential regulator of systemic energy balance by fine-tuning the mitochondrial-ER axis homeostasis and function. This previously unrecognized role for MFN2 argues for a crucial involvement in mediating ER stress-induced leptin resistance

Higher socioeconomic status is related to healthier levels of fatness and fitness already at 3 to 5 years of age: The PREFIT project: Relation between socioeconomic status, fatness and fitness in preschoolers

This study aimed to analyse the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and fatness and fitness in preschoolers. 2, 638 preschoolers (3–5 years old; 47.2% girls) participated. SES was estimated from the parental educational and occupational levels, and the marital status. Fatness was assessed by body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Physical fitness components were assessed using the PREFIT battery. Preschoolers whose parents had higher educational levels had lower fatness (P < 0.05). BMI significantly differed across occupational levels of each parent (P < 0.05) and WHtR across paternal levels (P = 0.004). Musculoskeletal fitness was different across any SES factor (P < 0.05), except handgrip across paternal occupational levels (P = 0.05). Preschoolers with high paternal occupation had higher speed/agility (P = 0.005), and those with high or low maternal education had higher VO2max (P = 0.046). Odds of being obese and having low musculoskeletal fitness was lower as SES was higher (P < 0.05). Those with married parents had higher cardiorespiratory fitness than single-parent ones (P = 0.010). School-based interventions should be aware of that children with low SES are at a higher risk of obesity and low fitness already in the first years of life

Transcription of toll-like receptors 2, 3, 4 and 9, FoxP3 and Th17 cytokines in a susceptible experimental model of canine Leishmania infantum infection

Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) due to Leishmania infantum is a chronic zoonotic systemic disease resulting from complex interactions between protozoa and the canine immune system. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential components of the innate immune system and facilitate the early detection of many infections. However, the role of TLRs in CanL remains unknown and information describing TLR transcription during infection is extremely scarce. The aim of this research project was to investigate the impact of L. infantum infection on canine TLR transcription using a susceptible model. The objectives of this study were to evaluate transcription of TLRs 2, 3, 4 and 9 by means of quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in skin, spleen, lymph node and liver in the presence or absence of experimental L. infantum infection in Beagle dogs. These findings were compared with clinical and serological data, parasite densities in infected tissues and transcription of IL-17, IL-22 and FoxP3 in different tissues in non-infected dogs (n = 10), and at six months (n = 24) and 15 months (n = 7) post infection. Results revealed significant down regulation of transcription with disease progression in lymph node samples for TLR3, TLR4, TLR9, IL-17, IL-22 and FoxP3. In spleen samples, significant down regulation of transcription was seen in TLR4 and IL-22 when both infected groups were compared with controls. In liver samples, down regulation of transcription was evident with disease progression for IL-22. In the skin, upregulation was seen only for TLR9 and FoxP3 in the early stages of infection. Subtle changes or down regulation in TLR transcription, Th17 cytokines and FoxP3 are indicative of the silent establishment of infection that Leishmania is renowned for. These observations provide new insights about TLR transcription, Th17 cytokines and Foxp3 in the liver, spleen, lymph node and skin in CanL and highlight possible markers of disease susceptibility in this model

Electrodepósito de níquel negro sobre aletas de cobre para aplicaciones en colectores solares planos

CIES2020 - XVII Congresso Ibérico e XIII Congresso Ibero-americano de Energia SolarRESUMEN: En este trabajo se reporta el desempeño de colectores solares construidos con aletas de cobre recubiertas con níquel/níquel negro con y sin SiO2. Los recubrimientos de níquel y níquel negro fueron obtenidos mediante electrodepósito y la capa de SiO2 por sol-gel y roció pirolítico, los resultados se comparan con un colector construido con un recubrimiento selectivo comercial TiNOX. Los resultados muestran que el níquel negro con SiO2 tiene una curva de desempeño cercana al colector construidos con el recubrimiento comercial. El recubrimiento de níquel negro con SiO2 fue obtenido por técnicas de bajo costo lo cual pudiera ser atractivo para las empresas dedicadas a la construcción de colectores solares.ABSTRACT: This work reports the performance of solar collectors built with nickel / black nickel coated copper fins with and without SiO2. The nickel and black nickel coatings were obtained by electrodeposition, the SiO2 layer by sol-gel and spray pyrolysis methods, the results are compared with a collector built with a commercial selective coating TiNOX. The results show that black nickel with SiO2 have a near performance curve than the collector built with the commercial coating. The black nickel coating with SiO2 was obtained by low cost techniques which could be attractive for companies dedicated to the construction of solar collectors.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio