Experimental approach to chaine operatoire of the neolithic bone industries: the case of Toro Cave (Antequera, Málaga)

El estudio tecnológico y funcional de las industrias prehistóricas ha de ir vinculado a un programa experimental, como vía más adecuada para contrastar los resultados obtenidos en la observación de los materiales arqueológicos. En este trabajo se plantea una revisión de los útiles óseos neolíticos de la Cueva de El Toro a través de la activación de un programa experimental. Así, en el establecimiento de las variantes del mismo se han tenido en cuenta aspectos múltiples ̶ zooarqueológicos, morfológicos, etnoarqueológicos, tecnológicos, funcionales y tafonómicos ̶ para identificar las marcas y huellas asociadas a cada actividad, con el objetivo de reconocer y caracterizar las huellas de las piezas arqueológicas, pues las diferentes actividades y usos dejan en sus superficies unas marcas características.The technological and functional study of prehistoric industries must be linked to an experimental program, as the most appropriate way to compare the results of the observation of archaeological materials. This paper presents a review of the Neolithic bone tools of Cave of El Toro through activation of an experimental program. Thus, an the approach of the experimental variants were have had into account multiple aspects ̶ zooarchaeologicals, morphologicals, ethnoarchaeologicals, technologicals, functionals and taphonomics ̶ to identify the traces associated with each activity, with the objective of recognize and characterize the traces of the archaeological bone tools, then different activities and uses left on the tools a traces features

Acercamiento experimental a la cadena operativa de las industrias óseas neolíticas: el caso de la Cueva de el Toro (Antequera, Málaga)

The technological and functional study of prehistoric industries must be linked to an experimental program, as the most appropriate way to compare the results of the observation of archaeological materials. This paper presents a review of the Neolithic bone tools of Cave of El Toro through activation of an experimental program. Thus, an the approach of the experimental variants, were have had into account multiple aspects - zooarchaeologicals, morphologicals, ethnoarchaeologicals, technologicals, functionals and taphonomics - to identify the traces associated with each activity, with the objective of recognize and characterize the traces of the archaeological bone tools, then different activities and uses left on the tools a traces features.El estudio tecnológico y funcional de las industrias prehistóricas ha de ir vinculado a un programa experimental, como vía más adecuada para contrastar los resultados obtenidos en la observación de los materiales arqueológicos. En este trabajo se plantea una revisión de los útiles óseos neolíticos de la Cueva de El Toro a través de la activación de un programa experimental. Así, en el establecimiento de las variantes del mismo se han tenido en cuenta aspectos múltiples - zooarqueológicos, morfológicos, etnoarqueológicos, tecnológicos, funcionales y tafonómicos - para identificar las marcas y huellas asociadas a cada actividad, con el objetivo de reconocer y caracterizar las huellas de las piezas arqueológicas, pues las diferentes actividades y usos dejan en las superficies de las piezas unas marcas características

High Input of Nitrogen Fertilization and Short Irrigation Frequencies Forcefully Promote the Development of Verticillium Wilt of Olive

It is known that high N doses, N/K imbalances, and frequent irrigation favor Verticillium wilt. The influence of fertilization and its interaction with the frequency of irrigation on the development of Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO) has been evaluated. A split-split-plot design in microplots with two naturally infested soils of different texture was established for studying three fertilization treatments (NO3Ca, NPK and without fertilization), plus two irrigation frequencies (daily and deficit). The treatments were applied by means of fertigation, evaluating the susceptible cultivar Picual. Final disease incidence in plants subjected to NO3Ca daily treatment was 100% regardless of soil texture. However, final mortality in these plants was 37% and 85.2% in clay and sandy loam soils, respectively. In addition, the area under the disease progress curve values were significantly higher (49.1%) in plants subjected to NO3Ca fertilization compared to those not fertilized or fertilized with N-P-K when plants were grown in clay soil. This value in the sandy loam soil was significantly higher in the NO3Ca daily irrigation treatment (94.3%), followed by the N-P-K-daily treatment (61.1%) which also was significantly higher than the unfertilized daily, N-deficit and NPK-deficit treatments (37.8, 42.6 and 44.9%, respectively). The plants submitted to unfertilized-deficit treatment reached the lowest value (9.6%). In this work it can be concluded that the application of fertilizer or the application of fertilizer with daily irrigation in naturally infested soils increases the development of VWO in Picual

Laser-Fabricated Reduced Graphene Oxide Memristors

Finding an inexpensive and scalable method for the mass production of memristors will be one of the key aspects for their implementation in end-user computing applications. Herein, we report pioneering research on the fabrication of laser-lithographed graphene oxide memristors. The devices have been surface-fabricated through a graphene oxide coating on a polyethylene terephthalate substrate followed by a localized laser-assisted photo-thermal partial reduction. When the laser fluence is appropriately tuned during the fabrication process, the devices present a characteristic pinched closed-loop in the current-voltage relation revealing the unique fingerprint of the memristive hysteresis. Combined structural and electrical experiments have been conducted to characterize the raw material and the devices that aim to establish a path for optimization. Electrical measurements have demonstrated a clear distinction between the resistive states, as well as stable memory performance, indicating the potential of laser-fabricated graphene oxide memristors in resistive switching applications.This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities/FEDER-EU through the project TEC2017-89955-P, Iberdrola Foundation under its 2018 Research Grant Program, the pre-doctoral grants FPU16/01451, FPU16/04043, and the JSPS KAKENHI through grant number JP18k04275

A day-ahead irradiance forecasting strategy for the integration of photovoltaic systems in virtual power plants

Encouraged by the considerable cost reduction, small-scale solar power deployment has become a reality during the last decade. However, grid integration of small-scale photovoltaic (PV) solar systems still remains unresolved. High penetration of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) results in technical challenges for grid operators. To address this, Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) have been defined and developed to manage distributed energy resources with the aim of facilitating the integration of RESs. This paper introduces a hybrid irradiance forecasting approach aimed at facilitating the integration of PV systems into a VPP, especially when a historical irradiance dataset is exiguous or non-existent. This approach is based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and a novel similar hour-based selection algorithm, has been tested for a real PV installation, and has been validated also considering irradiance measurements from an aggregation of ground-based meteorological stations, which emulate the nodes of a VPP. Under a reduced historical dataset, the results show that the proposed similar hour-based method produces the best forecasts with regard to those obtained by the ANN-based approach. This is particularly true for one-month and two-month datasets minimizing the mean error by 16.32% and 9.07% respectively. Finally, to demonstrate the potential of the proposed approach, a comparative analysis has been carried out between the hybrid method and the most used benchmarks in the literature, namely, the persistence method and the method based on similar days. It has been demonstrated conclusively that the proposed model yields promising results regardless the length of the historical dataset.Comunidad de MadridAgencia Estatal de Investigació

reflexiones sobre la frontera a lo largo de la historia

UID/HIS/04666/2013publishersversionpublishe

Fronteras con Historia

UID/HIS/04666/2013En el presente volumen, el análisis de la frontera se realiza partiendo de una óptica longue durée que incluye desde los siglos medievales hasta la contemporaneidad, favoreciéndose con ello, no solamente el estudio comparativo en el tiempo y en el espacio sino también la percepción de cambios y continuidades producidos en un mismo fenómeno. En este sentido, el concepto de “frontera” es prácticamente inagotable y la casuística referente al tema resulta casi infinita. Intentar abordarlo de forma integral en una misma obra, aunque con la problemática obvia de la extensión, puede ser una estrategia interesante para salvar estas dificultades. La intención de esta obra es la de ser una aportación más en el análisis de un concepto que está generando continuamente una gran cantidad de estudios y que conserva siempre una cierta actualidad historiográfica. Para su estudio, deben ponerse en marcha estrategias de análisis con metodologías integradas que incluyan enfoques comparativos, multidisciplinares,transnacionales y transculturales que ayuden a profundizar, a su vez, en los parámetros políticos, culturales y socioeconómicos de los espacios de frontera.publishersversionpublishe

Aldh1 Expression and Activity Increase during Tumor Evolution in Sarcoma Cancer Stem Cell Populations

Tumors evolve from initial tumorigenic events into increasingly aggressive behaviors in a process usually driven by subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) may act as the cell-of-origin for sarcomas, and CSCs that present MSC features have been identified in sarcomas due to their ability to grow as self-renewed floating spheres (tumorspheres). Accordingly, we previously developed sarcoma models using human MSCs transformed with relevant oncogenic events. To study the evolution/emergence of CSC subpopulations during tumor progression, we compared the tumorigenic properties of bulk adherent cultures and tumorsphere-forming subpopulations both in the sarcoma cell-of-origin models (transformed MSCs) and in their corresponding tumor xenograft-derived cells. Tumor formation assays showed that the tumorsphere cultures from xenograft-derived cells, but not from the cell-of-origin models, were enriched in CSCs, providing evidence of the emergence of bona fide CSCs subpopulations during tumor progression. Relevant CSC-related factors, such as ALDH1 and SOX2, were increasingly upregulated in CSCs during tumor progression, and importantly, the increased levels and activity of ALDH1 in these subpopulations were associated with enhanced tumorigenicity. In addition to being a CSC marker, our findings indicate that ALDH1 could also be useful for tracking the malignant potential of CSC subpopulations during sarcoma evolution.This work was supported by the Plan Nacional de I + D + i 2008-2011 [ISC III/FEDER (Miguel Servet Program CP11/00024) and RTICC (RD12/0036/0015)], the Plan Nacional de I + D + i 2013-2016 [MINECO/FEDER (SAF-2013-42946-R)] and the Plan de Ciencia Tecnología e Innovación del Principado de Asturias (GRUPIN14-003) to R.R; and the Plan Nacional de I + D + i 2008-2011 [ISC III/FEDER RTICC (RD12/0036/0027)] to J.G.-C.S

Oscillating Magnetic Drop: How to Grade Water-Repellent Surfaces

Evaluation of superhydrophobic (SH) surfaces based on contact angle measurements is challenging due to the high mobility of drops and the resolution limits of optical goniometry. For this reason, some alternatives to drop-shape methods have been proposed such as the damped-oscillatory motion of ferrofluid sessile drops produced by an external magnetic field. This approach provides information on surface friction (lateral/shear adhesion) from the kinetic energy dissipation of the drop. In this work, we used this method to compare the low adhesion of four commercial SH coatings (Neverwet, WX2100, Ultraever dry, Hydrobead) formed on glass substrates. As ferrofluid, we used a maghemite aqueous suspension (2% v/v) synthesized ad hoc. The rolling magnetic drop is used as a probe to explore shear solid–liquid adhesion. Additionally, drop energy dissipates due to velocity-dependent viscous stresses developed close to the solid–liquid interface. By fitting the damped harmonic oscillations, we estimated the decay time on each coating. The SH coatings were statistically different by using the mean damping time. The differences found between SH coatings could be ascribed to surface–drop adhesion (contact angle hysteresis and apparent contact area). By using this methodology, we were able to grade meaningfully the liquid-repelling properties of superhydrophobic surfaces.This research was financed by the State Research Agency (SRA) and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the project MAT2017-82182-R. Fernando Vereda acknowledges financial support from MAT 2016-78778-R and PCIN-2015-051 projects (Spain)

Memcapacitor and Meminductor Circuit Emulators: A Review

This research was funded by the Japanese KAKENHI through Grant Number JP18k04275 and Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sport (MECD), through Project TEC2017-89955-P and Grant Numbers: FPU16/01451 and FPU16/04043.In 1971, Prof. L. Chua theoretically introduced a new circuit element, which exhibited a different behavior from that displayed by any of the three known passive elements: the resistor, the capacitor or the inductor. This element was called memristor, since its behavior corresponded to a resistor with memory. Four decades later, the concept of mem-elements was extended to the other two circuit elements by the definition of the constitutive equations of both memcapacitors and meminductors. Since then, the non-linear and non-volatile properties of these devices have attracted the interest of many researches trying to develop a wide range of applications. However, the lack of solid-state implementations of memcapacitors and meminductors make it necessary to rely on circuit emulators for the use and investigation of these elements in practical implementations. On this basis, this review gathers the current main alternatives presented in the literature for the emulation of both memcapacitors and meminductors. Different circuit emulators have been thoroughly analyzed and compared in detail, providing a wide range of approaches that could be considered for the implementation of these devices in future designs.Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) JP18k04275Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sport (MECD) TEC2017-89955-P FPU16/01451 FPU16/0404