Testimonies about Coins Counterfeit in Al Andalus: an Archaeological Discovery in the I.A.U. “Manzana de Banesto” (Santa Rosa, Córdoba, Spain)

A raíz de un hallazgo arqueológico en la I.A.U. “Manzana de Banesto” en Córdoba, este artículo revisa un tema poco tratado por la bibliografía, como es la falsificación de moneda en al Andalus. El conjunto de cospeles o flanes de cobre exhumados nos alertan de una actividad preparatoria de moneda falsa.As a result of an archaeological discovery in “Manzana de Banesto” in Córdoba, this article deals with the subject of coins counterfeit in al Andalus, a topic seldom mentioned in the archaeological literature. The collection of copper flans or dirhams discovered alerts us of a preliminary preparation for the counterfeiting of coins

Comprehensive Characterization and Quantification of Antioxidant Compounds in Finger Lime (Citrus australasica L.) by HPLC-QTof-MS and UPLC-MS/MS

Celia Rodriguez-Perez thanks the University of Granada for the PPJIA2019-04 project. Authors also acknowledge Teagasc for the access to the LC-MS/MS facilities and the support to this work through the Teagasc Walsh Fellowships Program (2016038).Australian finger limes (Citrus australasica L.), an unusual citrus due to its unique pulp with a caviar-like appearance, has reached the global market as a promising source of bioactive compounds that promote health. This research was, therefore, performed to shed light on the bioactivity and composition of different parts of Citrus australasica L. (peel and pulp). Initial ultrasound-assisted extraction using MeOH:H2O (80:20, v/v) was carried out. After that, four fractions (hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water) were generated through liquid-liquid partitioning, and the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity were evaluated using the Folin-Ciocalteu and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction in the peel, which presented the highest values of TPC and antioxidant activity, was characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight (HPLC-QTof) mass spectrometry. Fifteen compounds were identified, of which seven were characterized for the first time in this matrix. Moreover, ten phenolic compounds were quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The major compounds in the sample were citric acid, pyrogallol, caffeic acid, coumarin, rutin, naringin, 2-coumaric acid, didymin, naringenin and isorhamnetin, which were found in a range from 2.7 to 8106.7 mu g/g sample dry weight. Finally, the results presented in this novel work confirmed that the peel by-product of C. australasica L. is a potential source of bioactive compounds and could result in a positive outcome for the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries.University of Granada PPJIA2019-04Teagasc Walsh Fellowships Program 201603

Emulsifaction of waste cooking oils and fatty acid distillates as diesel engine fuel

The scope of this paper is to analyze the possibilities and feasibilities, as well as the main experimental results reported about the emulsification method applied to waste cooking oils and fatty acid distillates as diesel engine fuels, compared with other commonly used methods. These waste products are obtained in the refining oil industry, food industry and service sector from the frying process, mainly. However, they are a little used as feedstocks to produce biofuels and constitute a potential source of contamination. From the review of the state of arts, significant decreases in exhaust emissions of nitrogen oxides, cylinder pressure, as well as increases of the ignition delay, brake specific fuel consumption, hydrocarbon, smoke opacity, carbon monoxide, particulate matters to emulsified waste cooking oils and fatty acid distillates compared with diesel fuel are reported. In some experiments the emulsified waste cooking oils achieved better performance than neat fatty acid distillates, neat waste cooking oils and their derivates methyl esters

Pasado, presente y posible futuro de la psicología social

In the sixties, most research in social psychology was characterized by showy experiments involving deception. The participants in these experiments were supposed to "passively" react to the situation. Because of their theoretical deficiencies and for ethical reasons as well, these showy experiments gave way increasingly to more cognitive scenarios. Context was abandoned and replaced by heuristics and memory models. This was the wave of social cognition. Here we discuss the strengths and limitations of diferent perspectives attached to the social cognition revolution. We also consider potentially fruitful new avenues of research: pragmatism in social perception studies, connectionist models, and a return to behavior.En los años sesenta, la mayor parte de la investigación realizada en psicología social estuvo caracterizada por experimentos teatrales que implicaban engaño. Se esperaba que los participantes en los experimentos reaccionaran pasivamente a la situación. Debido a sus deficiencias teóricas y a razones éticas, esos experimentos dieron paso, cada vez más a marcos más cognitivos. Se abandonó el contexto y se reemplazó por heurísticos y modelos de memoria. Fue la oleada de la cognición social. En el articulo se discute la fortaleza y las limitaciones de diferentes perspectivas vinculadas a la revolución cognitivo social. También se consideran potenciales y fructíferas nuevas vías de investigación: perspectiva pragmática en estudios de percepción social, modelos conexionistas y una vuelta a la conducta

Comprobación estructural de las secciones de firme de la instrucción de carreteras 6.1 y 6.2 I.C

[Resumen:] En el año 1986, a partir de métodos analítico-empíricos en modelos multicapa, el CEDEX realizó la comprobación del dimensionamiento de las secciones de firme recogidas en las Normas 6.1 y 6.2 de la Instrucción de Carreteras. A partir de modelos numéricos tridimensionales, y tras actualizar los parámetros mecánicos que intervienen, se han vuelto a calcular las mencionadas secciones para comprobar si su dimensionamiento es correcto desde el punto de vista estructural. Para las capas de materiales granulares se ha considerado un comportamiento elástico no-lineal (Modelo de Boyce). Al emplear una ley de fatiga más conservadora para las mezclas bituminosas y unos criterios también más conservadores de tensiones admisibles para las capas de materiales hidráulicos, se comprueba que algunas secciones quedan del lado de la inseguridad; es decir, que admitirían un número de ejes inferior al teóricamente supuesto

Desarrollo de la habilidad algoritmizar en el álgebra lineal

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo poner a consideración la propuesta de un proyecto de investigación sobre el desarrollo de habilidades matemáticas en la carrera Ingeniería en Ciencias Informáticas, específicamente, ¿cómo contribuir desde el Álgebra Lineal al desarrollo de la habilidad algoritmizar? Esta es una de las habilidades básicas a desarrollar en los estudiantes de las carreras de perfil computacional e informático, ya que deberán ser utilizadas por ellos en disciplinas propias de la especialidad, entre ellas Programación, Sistemas de Bases de Datos

Electrochemical impedance spectroscropy study on the behavior of reinforced concrete elements under loading

Concrete is a material of porous nature that, when humidified, becomes an ionic conductor whose apparent conductivity depends on the ionic load (typically based on OH−, Ca2+, Na+, and K+) and the amount of available free water. Under conditions of partial pore-saturation, the amount of free water can be modulated by an external load, which leads to observable changes in electrical properties such as conductivity and capacitance. Moreover, metallic reinforcements, either as bars or fibers, represent an additional parallel conduction path but of an electronic nature in this case. The free water develops a double-layer capacitance structure at the metallic interfaces, with associated charge-transfer resistance, representing an additional contribution to the capacitive behavior that can be modulated with an external load. The dependence that the electrical and/or ionic conducting properties of concrete and reinforced concrete elements have on the available free water makes them suitable for transductors in various sensing and self-sensing applications discussed in the text.Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431B2021/1

On the effect of thin film growth mechanisms on the specular reflectance of aluminum thin films deposited via filtered cathodic vacuum arc

The optimisation of the specular reflectance of solar collectors is a key parameter to increase the global yield of concentrated solar power (CSP) plants. In this work, the influence of filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition parameters, particularly working pressure and deposition time, on the specular and diffuse reflectance of aluminium thin films, was studied. Changes in specular reflectance, measured by ultraviolet–visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (UV-vis-NIR) spectro photometry, were directly correlated with thin film elemental concentration depth profiles, obtained by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), and surface and cross-sectional morphologies as measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and profilometry. Finally, atomic force microscopy (AFM) provided information on the roughness and growth mechanism of the films. The two contributions to the total reflectance of the films, namely diffuse and specular reflectance, were found to be deeply influenced by deposition conditions. It was proven that working pressure and deposition time directly determine the predominant factor. Specular reflectance varied from 12 to 99.8% of the total reflectance for films grown at the same working pressure of 0.1 Pa and with different deposition times. This transformation could not be attributed to an oxidation of the films as stated by RBS, but was correlated with a progressive modification of the roughness, surface, and bulk morphology of the samples over the deposition time. Hence, the evolution in the final optical properties of the films is driven by different growth mechanisms and the resulting microstructures. In addition to the originally addressed CSP applications the potential of the developed aluminium films for other application rather than CSP, such as, for example, reference material for spectroscopic diffuse reflectance measurements, is also discussed

Simple method of dynamic young's modulus determination in lime and cement mortars

This study demonstrates the feasibility of using a simple method to measure the resonant fundamental frequency for determining the MOE (dynamic Young’s modulus) of lime and cement mortars. The procedure follows the instructions stated in the UNE-EN ISO 12680-1 standard for refractory products although in this study the instructions are applied to standardized RILEM 4x4x16 cm test samples made of lime and cement mortars. The simplicity of the procedure as well as its correlation to other measured variables, suggest that it can be widely applied in studies about the evolution of the physical characteristics in lime mortars, such as mechanical strength, static Young’s modulus, carbonation depth, etcPostprint (published version

A predictive model for Palaeolithic sites: a case study of Monforte de Lemos basin, NW Iberian Peninsula

Although a theoretical model for the settlement patterns of Galician Palaeolithic has been proposed in the last decades, it has not been statistically tested. The present paper aims to check whether this previous theoretical model can be verified statistically. For this purpose, a methodology based on the creation of a predictive model has been used in which the main environmental variables were analysed and their suitability for predicting the location of Palaeolithic sites statistically verified. The predictive model shows that the most accurate variables are elevation, slope, cost to potential hydrology, the cost to wetland areas, and visual prominence. The results demonstrated that the theoretical model was fulfilled in some of the variables previously proposed. Thus, we have shown the usefulness of this approach to test hypotheses and the results obtained open new possibilities of analysis in the study of the Palaeolithic sites in NW IberiaThis study is part of the research projects Dinámicas poblacionales y tecnológicas durante el Pleistoceno final-Holoceno de las Sierras orientales del Noroeste ibérico (R&D Projects of the Ministry of Science, PID2019-107480 GB-I00), Ocupaciones humanas durante el Pleistoceno en la cuenca media del Miño (HUM2007-63662/HIST) and Poblamiento durante el Pleistoceno Medio/Holoceno en las comarcas orientales de Galicia (HAR2010-21786/HIST). M. Díaz-Rodríguez is part of the CLIOARCH project which has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement 817564); and the NeanderEDGE project which has received funding from the Independent Research Fund Denmark (case number 9062-00027B). We are very grateful to the two anonymous reviewers and the editor, whose comments have contributed significantly and helped improve the initial version of this paper. The analyses of this work have been carried out in the statistical environment R (R Core Team, 2021)S