Estudio de la irradiación global en Galicia basado en medidas recogidas en estaciones meteorológicas

[Resumen] Con el fin de mejorar el conocimiento de la Irradiación Global Diaria en Galicia, se estudia el comportamiento de esta magnitud durante el periodo 2005- 2007. Los datos se obtienen de las redes de medición de cinco instituciones diferentes, configurando entre todas una malla de medición que evoluciona de forma creciente en el tiempo, pero cuyos nodos aportan medidas de diferente calidad. Los datos se filtran utilizando criterios de exceso de distancia al rango intercuartílico y aportación excesiva de variabilidad al semivariograma experimental. El filtrado proporciona un conjunto de datos validado, y otro de valores sospechosos que se someten a un proceso de recalculo aplicando algoritmos desarrollados en el apartado de Material y métodos, como resultados se consigue la recuperación de datos en algunas ocasiones, y la localización de estaciones que tienden a presentar datos sesgados. En este último caso, tras visitar la estación, se describe su entorno para verificar, de forma cualitativa, la conformidad con las indicaciones de la Organización Meteorológica Mundial. Una vez validados los datos se realiza el estudio mensual, anual y trienal de la irradiación global diaria. Para cada uno de los 36 periodos mensuales: se realiza una caracterización estadística generando, cuando se evidencia la normalidad, un modelo gaussiano; se obtiene el semivariograma experimental, su ajuste a un modelo teórico y se estima la irradiación global diaria correspondiente a ese mes mediante krigeado ordinario. El resultado se expresa en forma de mapa de irradiación con otro asociado recogiendo el error de varianza de krigeado. Por último se identifican las áreas geográficas que presentan valores extremos. Una síntesis de los resultados anteriores permite la obtención de un ranking de estabilidad mensual de la irradiación para el periodo de estudio. Se obtienen correlaciones temporales y espaciales. El alto valor de determinación para estas últimas permite la reconstrucción de datos perdidos o sospechosos, que son utilizados en el estudio de los niveles anual y trienal que siguen esquemas similares al estudio mensual. El análisis anual compara la irradiación, correspondientes a cada uno de los tres años del periodo de estudio, utilizando una malla restringida e invariante para eludir los sesgos asociados a la propia malla. A continuación se utilizan tres mallas distintas para valorar la irradiación de un mismo periodo anual, con el fin de detectar y valorar la influencia de la malla en la variación del valor de irradiación. Finalmente se contrastan los resultados anuales obtenidos en este estudio, con otros anteriores que utilizaron variables secundarias correlacionadas con la irradiación, o estimación a partir de imágenes de satélite

Variation in dung beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) assemblages in a tropical forest remnant from a Mexican National Park

The Cañón del Sumidero National Park (PNCS) is a priority area for conservation, but there are few studies on its fauna, which evidences the need for further basic studies to produce adequate knowledge on its biodiversity. This study aimed to determine dung beetle assemblages temporal distribution, trophic preference, and daily activity patterns. We conducted samplings using baited pitfall traps in a PNCS tropical sub deciduous forest remnant, during the dry and rainy seasons between 2014 and 2015. We captured a total of 863 individuals of 20 species, 12 genera, and five tribes of Scarabaeinae. Estimators suggest that we obtained high faunistic representation (> 80%), but species richness is low compared to other regional studies. The community was characterized by a high number of rare species and few dominant species. We captured the greatest richness and abundance during rainy months, however, species composition between seasons did not differ significantly. Trophic preference was mainly generalist and we considered only four species as specialists to tapir dung. We observed a clear segregation between activity hours. Nevertheless, we determined only nine species as specialists (six nocturnal and three diurnal) and two others had generalist habits. The low diversity we found could be influenced by the constant pressure of the urban area and non-native species within the park, which alter the dung beetle assemblages. However, performing samplings for longer periods and using a wider range of resources would help us obtain more robust results and better understand species distribution patterns

Bio-inspired model of ground temperature behavior on the horizontal geothermal exchanger of an installation based on a heat pump

[Abstract] Nowadays the Heat Pump is one of the best systems to warm a building with a good performance. Usually, with the aim to increase the efficiency, a geothermal heat exchanger is added to the installation. This component shows a disturbing effect on the ground where it is placed. On this research a bio-inspired system was developed to test the ground temperature behavior where there is a heat exchanger. The novel approach has been implemented and tested under a real dataset. One year temperature measurements were recorded. The final approach is based on clustering and regression techniques. Then, the model was validated and tested with a dataset from a real installation with a good performance

Determination of Sr-90 in milk samples from the study of statistical results

[Abstract] The determination of 90Sr in milk samples is the main objective of radiation monitoring laboratories because of its environmental importance. In this paper the concentration of activity of 39 milk samples was obtained through radiochemical separation based on selective retention of Sr in a cationic resin (Dowex 50WX8, 50-100 mesh) and subsequent determination by a low-level proportional gas counter. The results were checked by performing the measurement of the Sr concentration by using the flame atomic absorption spectroscopy technique, to finally obtain the mass of 90Sr. From the data obtained a statistical treatment was performed using linear regressions. A reliable estimate of the mass of 90Sr was obtained based on the gravimetric technique, and secondly, the counts per minute of the third measurement in the 90Sr and 90Y equilibrium, without having to perform the analysis. These estimates have been verified with 19 milk samples, obtaining overlapping results. The novelty of the manuscript is the possibility of determining the concentration of 90Sr in milk samples, without the need to perform the third measurement in the equilibrium

Missing data imputation of solar radiation data under different atmospheric conditions

[Abstract] Global solar broadband irradiance on a planar surface is measured at weather stations by pyranometers. In the case of the present research, solar radiation values from nine meteorological stations of the MeteoGalicia real-time observational network, captured and stored every ten minutes, are considered. In this kind of record, the lack of data and/or the presence of wrong values adversely affects any time series study. Consequently, when this occurs, a data imputation process must be performed in order to replace missing data with estimated values. This paper aims to evaluate the multivariate imputation of ten-minute scale data by means of the chained equations method (MICE). This method allows the network itself to impute the missing or wrong data of a solar radiation sensor, by using either all or just a group of the measurements of the remaining sensors. Very good results have been obtained with the MICE method in comparison with other methods employed in this field such as Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). The average RMSE value of the predictions for the MICE algorithm was 13.37% while that for the MLR it was 28.19%, and 31.68% for the IDW.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; AYA2010-1851

Electromyogram prediction during anesthesia by using a hybrid intelligent model

[Abstract] In the search for new and more efficient ways to administer drugs, clinicians are turning to engineering tools. The availability of these models to predict physiological variables are a significant factor. A model is set out in this research to predict the EMG (electromyogram) signal during surgery, in patients under general anaesthesia. This prediction hinges on the Bispectral Index™ (BIS) and the infusion rate of the drug propofol. The results of the research are very satisfactory, with error values of less than 0.67 (for a Normalized Mean Squared Error). A hybrid intelligent model is used which combines both clustering and regression algorithms. The resulting model is validated and trained using real data.Ministerio de Innovación y Ciencia; DPI2010-1827

Actualización y optimización del sistema de seguimiento de egresados de la Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas y su aplicación en la mejora de la calidad de los títulos

Resumen del proyecto PIMCD 232 (2017) que presenta el diseño y uso de un sistema de seguimiento de egresados en la Facultad de Matemáticas para análisis de empleabilidad así como para información que valga para la mejora de las titulaciones

Intrusion Detection With Unsupervised Techniques for Network Management Protocols Over Smart Grids

[Abstract] The present research work focuses on overcoming cybersecurity problems in the Smart Grid. Smart Grids must have feasible data capture and communications infrastructure to be able to manage the huge amounts of data coming from sensors. To ensure the proper operation of next-generation electricity grids, the captured data must be reliable and protected against vulnerabilities and possible attacks. The contribution of this paper to the state of the art lies in the identification of cyberattacks that produce anomalous behaviour in network management protocols. A novel neural projectionist technique (Beta Hebbian Learning, BHL) has been employed to get a general visual representation of the traffic of a network, making it possible to identify any abnormal behaviours and patterns, indicative of a cyberattack. This novel approach has been validated on 3 different datasets, demonstrating the ability of BHL to detect different types of attacks, more effectively than other state-of-the-art methods

Metodología para la creación y gestión de un sistema de seguimiento de egresados de la Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas y su aplicación en la mejora de los títulos

Fac. de Ciencias MatemáticasFALSEUCMsubmitte

Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine booster in the general population and in subjects with comorbidities. A population-based study in Spain

This work was supported by Framework Partnership Agreement between the Consellería de Sanidad de la XUNTA de Galicia and GENVIP-IDIS-2021–2024 (SERGAS-IDIS March 2021; Spain); and consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CB21/06/00103; F.M-T), DIAVIR (Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)/DTS19/00049/Cofinanciado FEDER; Proyecto de Desarrollo Tecnológico en Salud), Resvi-Omics (Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)/PI19/01039/Cofinanciado FEDER), BI-BACVIR (PRIS-3; Agencia de Conocimiento en Salud (ACIS)—Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)—Xunta de Galicia; Spain), Programa Traslacional COVID-19 (ACIS—Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)—XUNTA de Galicia; Spain) and Axencia Galega de Innovación (GAIN; IN607B 2020/08—XUNTA de Galicia; Spain) [A.S]; and ReSVinext (Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)/PI16/01569/Cofinanciado FEDER), Enterogen (Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)/PI19/01090/Cofinanciado FEDER), and Axencia Galega de Innovación (GAIN; IN845D 2020/23—Xunta de Galicia; Spain) [F.M-T]Background: Research on the effectiveness of COVID-19 booster-based vaccine schedule is ongoing and real-world data on vaccine effectiveness (VE) in comorbid patients are limited. We aimed to estimate booster dose VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity in the general population and in comorbid patients. Method: A retrospective test-negative control study was undertaken in Galicia-Spain (December 2020–November 2021). VE and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using multivariate logistic regression models. Results: 1,512,415 (94.13%) negative and 94,334 (5.87%) positive SARS-CoV-2 test results were included. A booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine is associated with substantially higher protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection than vaccination without a booster [VEboosted = 87% (95%CI: 83%; 89%); VEnon-boosted = 66% (95%CI: 65%; 67%)]. The high VE was observed in all ages, but was more pronounced in subjects older than 65 years. VE against COVID-19 severity was analyzed in a mixed population of boosted and non-boosted individuals and considerable protection was obtained [VE: hospitalization = 72% (95%CI: 68%; 75%); intensive care unit administration = 83% (95%CI: 78%; 88%), in-hospital mortality = 66% (95%CI: 53%; 75%)]. Boosted comorbid patients are more protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection than those who were non-boosted. This was observed in a wide range of major diseases including cancer (81% versus 54%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (84% versus 61%), diabetes (84% versus 65%), hypertension (82% versus 65%) and obesity (91% versus 67%), among others. Conclusions: A booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine increases the protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity in the general population and in comorbid patients.S