An implementation of the Vickrey outcome with gross-substitutes

We consider a market with only one seller and many buyers. The seller owns several indivisible objects on sale. Each buyer can receive many objects and has a gross-substitutes valuation for every package of objects. The gross-substitutes condition guarantees the non-emptiness of the core of the market (Ausubel and Milgrom, 2002). Moreover, the Vickrey outcome (Vickrey, 1961) of the market leads to a core payoff in which each buyer gets his maximum core payoff. The aim of this paper is to analyze the following mechanism. Simultaneously, each buyer requests a package by announcing how much he would pay for it. After all buyers' requests, the seller decides the final assignment of packages and the prices. If a buyer gets a package of objects, it must be his request or an allocation at least as good as his request. The subgame perfect equilibrium outcomes of the mechanism correspond to the Vickrey outcome of the market

One-seller assignment markets with multi-unit demands

We consider one-seller assignment markets with multi-unit demands and prove that the associated game is buyers-submodular. Therefore the core is non-empty and it has a lattice structure which contains the allocation where every buyer receives his marginal contribution. We prove that in this kind of market, every pairwise-stable outcome is associated to a competitive equilibrium and viceversa. We study conditions under which the buyers-optimal and the seller-optimal core allocations are competitive equilibrium payoff vectors. Moreover, we characterize the markets for which the core coincidences with the set of competitive equilibria payoff vectors. When agents behave strategically, we introduce a procedure that implements the buyers-optimal core allocation as the unique subgame perfect Nash equilibrium outcome

Overbidding and underbidding in package allocation problems

We study the problem of allocating packages of different objects to a group of bidders. A rule is overbidding-proof if no bidder has incentives to bid above his actual valuations. We prove that if an efficient rule is overbidding-proof, then each winning bidder pays a price between his winning bid and what he would pay in a Vickrey auction for the same package. In counterpart, the set of rules that satisfy underbidding-proofness always charge a price below the corresponding Vickrey price. A new characterization of the Vickrey allocation rule is provided with a weak form of strategy-proofness. The Vickrey rule is the only rule that satisfies efficiency, individual rationality, overbidding-proofness and underbidding-proofness. Our results are also valid on the domains of monotonic valuations and of single-minded bidders. Finally, a rule is introduced that is overbidding proof and its payoffs are bidder-optimal in the core of the auction game according the reported valuations

Estrategia didáctica para la formación por competencias básica

Las Instituciones de Educación Superior para cumplir con su función implementan programas para la preparación de docentes, sin embargo la capacitación del docente debe llevar a la aplicación -poner en práctica lo aprendido-. Las metodologías didácticas constituyen uno de los recursos más importantes que los docentes deben conocer y aplicar para poder desarrollar un proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje; el objetivo de este trabajo es presentar una de las estrategia didáctica más utilizada para formar por competencias, se trata del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas

Las estrategias didácticas y su papel en el desarrollo del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje

Las estrategias didácticas para la formación por competencias se implementan tomando en cuenta los criterios del aprendizaje significativo y los procesos de idoneidad y responsabilidad del profesor, el propósito del artículo es señalar las estrategias más importantes para formar competencias

Valuation monotonicity, fairness and stability in assignment problems [WP]

In this paper, we investigate the possibility of having stable rules for twosided markets with transferable utility, that satisfy some valuation monotonicity and fairness axioms. Valuation fairness requires that changing the valuation of a buyer for the object of a seller leads to equal changes in the payoffs of this buyer and seller. This is satisfied by the Shapley value, but is incompatible with stability. A main goal in this paper is to weaken valuation fairness in such a way that it is compatible with stability. It turns out that requiring equal changes only for buyers and sellers that are matched to each other before as well as after the change, is compatible with stability. In fact, we show that the only stable rule that satisfies weak valuation fairness is the well-known fair division rule which is obtained as the average of the buyers-optimal and the sellersoptimal payoff vectors. Our second goal is to characterize these two extreme rules by valuation monotonicity axioms. We show that the buyers-optimal (respectively sellersoptimal) stable rule is char- acterized as the only stable rule that satisfies buyervaluation monotonicity which requires that a buyer cannot be better off by weakly decreasing his/her valuations for all objects, as long as he is assigned the same object as before (respectively object-valuation antimonotonicity which requires that a buyer cannot be worse off when all buyers weakly decrease their valuations for the object that is assigned to this specific buyer, as long as this buyer is assigned the same object as before). Finally, adding a consistency axiom, the two optimal rules are characterized in the general domain of allocation rules for two-sided assignment markets with a variable population

Condiciones para la creación de un cluster turístico hotelero en Bahía de Banderas, Nayarit

Bahía de Banderas es un municipio con un gran potencial turístico y el principal generador económico del estado de Nayarit, se localiza en el corredor turístico de la Riviera, Nayarit; El presente trabajo se realizó mediante el enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo, con el fin de analizar las condiciones para la formación de un cluster turístico hotelero en Bahía de Banderas. Para ello, se realizó la revisión teórica sobre el cluster y las características básicas para su implementación y se identificaron los principales elementos de factibilidad, asi como los pasos para la formación del cluster hotelero; se recopilo información sobre las unidades económicas y la población económicamente activa del sector turistico hotelero, y de acuerdo a la metodología aplicada, se concluye que existe factibilidad para la formación de un cluster en el municipio de Bahía de Banderas, Nayarit

Biology teachers training proposals for the development of scientific competences in secondary education

The acquisition of scientific competences enables students to use knowledge to identify problems, acquire new knowledge, explain scientific phenomena, and draw evidence-based conclusions on science-related issues. Hence, the importance of its study, in the field of science education, for teacher training and that its exercise in the classroom facilitates it. In our work we review the current state of educational research on the acquisition of scientific competences in the field of biology and at secondary education levels. For this, we have carried out a systematized bibliographic search on the contributions collected in the Web of Science database. A total of 74 articles are found, among them 16 works has been selected according inclusion and exclusion criteria. These works address the need for training of secondary biology teachers in the teaching of scientific competences and provide different approaches to achieve this, based, among others, on the use in the classroom of the characteristics of the nature of science; the use of educational methodologies that promote a greater active participation of students through the approach of problematic situations, as well as that stimulate critical reasoning and argumentation; and the use of activities that raise social controversies with scientific links. Finally, we consider the need for biology teacher training in these aspects that highlight the importance of inquiry as a way of experiencing science in the classroom and developing scientific literacy.Departamento de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales (Universidad de Murcia)Departamento de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales (Universidad de Granada)Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (CSIC-UGR)Grupo de Investigación HUM613 (Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales y de la Sostenibilidad)Instituto Interuniversitario Andaluz de Investigación Educativa (Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad de Granada

Evaluación de la socialización en jóvenes jugadores de baloncesto de la Fundación Real Madrid

La promoción y el fomento de valores educativos en las Escuelas Sociodeportivas de Baloncesto de la Fundación Real Madrid es una de las finalidades más importantes sobre la que hemos estado trabajando los últimos años. El proyecto de trabajo "Por una Educación Real: Valores y Deporte" incluye varias líneas de actuación dirigidas al profesorado, familias y alumnado. Para valorar la evolución del alumnado en relación a uno de los contenidos pedagógicos que intentamos fomentar, la socialización, hemos utilizado la escala "GR-SIPPEL" (Ruiz, Graupera, Moreno y Rico, 2010), en la que se evalúan las siguientes dimensiones: cooperación, competición, individualismo y afiliación. El objetivo principal del trabajo ha sido: describir las preferencias de interacción social de los chicos y chicas de categoría benjamín (8-10 años) de las Escuelas Sociodeportivas de Baloncesto de la Fundación Real Madrid. Los participantes que formaron parte del estudio fueron un total de 129 jugadores y jugadoras (87 niños, 75.2%; y 42 niñas, 24.8%). El análisis descriptivo global de los datos nos mostró que, en general, se alcanzaron valores más altos en las dimensiones cooperación (M = 3.368; SD = 0.421) y afiliación (M = 3.132; SD = 0.548), mientras que en las dimensiones de competición (M = 2.351; SD=0.843) e individualismo (M = 1.903; SD=0.680) obtuvieron los más bajos.The promotion and encouragement of educational values in Real Madrid Foundation Social Sport Basketball Schools is one of the most important goals on which we have been working in recent years. The work project "For a Real Education: Values and Sport" includes several lines of action aimed at teachers, families and students. To assess the progress of students in relation to one of the educational content we try to promote, as for example, the socialization, we used the "GR-SIPPEL" scale (Ruiz, Graupera, Moreno and Rico, 2010), in which the following dimensions are evaluated: cooperation, competition, individualism and affiliation. The main objective of the study was to: describe the social interaction preferences of boys and girls in the youngest category (8-10 years) of Real Madrid Foundation Social Sport Basketball Schools. Participants who took part in the study were 129 male and female players (87 boys, 75.2%; and 42 girls, 24.8%). The overall descriptive analysis of the data showed that in general, higher values are reached in the dimensions of cooperation ( M = 3.368 , SD = 0.421 ) and affiliation ( M = 3.132 , SD = 0.548 ), while in the dimensions of competition (M = 2.351 , SD = 0.843 ) and individualism (M = 1.903 , SD = 0.680 ) had the lowest values

Las Competencias del Profesor Universitario

El presente trabajo presenta una revisión teórica realizada con el objetivo de identificar las competencias que el docente universitario requiere para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje. La Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO), declara que el profesor no solo debe transmitir información, debe facilitar el aprendizaje significativo, para ello requiere del dominio de competencias docentes, así como de las estrategias didácticas más adecuadas para lograr la metacognición en los estudiantes. Lo señalado por la UNESCO con respecto a la educación es a partir de los aprendizajes fundamentales como son: Aprender a conocer, Aprender a hacer, Aprender a vivir juntos, y a vivir con los demás, Aprender a ser (Delors, 1996)